Assessment of groundwater quality in and around Vedaraniyam, South India

Groundwater from 47 wells were analyzed on the basis of hydrochemical parameters like pH, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, CO₃ ²⁻, HCO₃ ⁻, NO₃ ⁻, PO₄ ³⁻ and F⁻ in the Cauvery delta of Vedaraniyam coast. Further, water quality index (WQI), sodium percentage (Na...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental earth sciences 2014-03, Vol.71 (5), p.2211-2225
Hauptverfasser: Krishnakumar, P, Lakshumanan, C, Kishore, V. Pradeep, Sundararajan, M, Santhiya, G, Chidambaram, S
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container_end_page 2225
container_issue 5
container_start_page 2211
container_title Environmental earth sciences
container_volume 71
creator Krishnakumar, P
Lakshumanan, C
Kishore, V. Pradeep
Sundararajan, M
Santhiya, G
Chidambaram, S
description Groundwater from 47 wells were analyzed on the basis of hydrochemical parameters like pH, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, CO₃ ²⁻, HCO₃ ⁻, NO₃ ⁻, PO₄ ³⁻ and F⁻ in the Cauvery delta of Vedaraniyam coast. Further, water quality index (WQI), sodium percentage (Na %), sodium absorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index and Kelley’s ratio were evaluated to understand the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes. The result shows significant difference in the quality of water along the coastal stretch. The order of dominance of major ions is as follows: Na⁺ ≥ Mg²⁺ ≥ Ca²⁺ ≥ K⁺ and Cl⁻ ≥ HCO₃ ⁻ ≥ CO₃ ²⁻ ≥ PO₄ ³⁻ ≥ F⁻. Na/Cl, Cl/HCO₃ ratio and Revelle index confirmed that 60–70 % of the samples were affected by saline water intrusion. WQI showed that 36 % of the samples were good for drinking and the remaining were poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. The degradation of groundwater quality was found to be mainly due to over-exploitation, brackish aquaculture practice, fertilizer input from agriculture and also due to domestic sewage.
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Na/Cl, Cl/HCO₃ ratio and Revelle index confirmed that 60–70 % of the samples were affected by saline water intrusion. WQI showed that 36 % of the samples were good for drinking and the remaining were poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. The degradation of groundwater quality was found to be mainly due to over-exploitation, brackish aquaculture practice, fertilizer input from agriculture and also due to domestic sewage.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-6280</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-6299</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12665-013-2626-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>absorption ; Aquaculture practices ; Assessments ; Biogeosciences ; calcium ; chlorides ; Drinking ; Drinking water ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Electrical conductivity ; Engineering and environment geology. 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Pradeep</au><au>Sundararajan, M</au><au>Santhiya, G</au><au>Chidambaram, S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment of groundwater quality in and around Vedaraniyam, South India</atitle><jtitle>Environmental earth sciences</jtitle><stitle>Environ Earth Sci</stitle><date>2014-03-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>71</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>2211</spage><epage>2225</epage><pages>2211-2225</pages><issn>1866-6280</issn><eissn>1866-6299</eissn><abstract>Groundwater from 47 wells were analyzed on the basis of hydrochemical parameters like pH, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, CO₃ ²⁻, HCO₃ ⁻, NO₃ ⁻, PO₄ ³⁻ and F⁻ in the Cauvery delta of Vedaraniyam coast. Further, water quality index (WQI), sodium percentage (Na %), sodium absorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index and Kelley’s ratio were evaluated to understand the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes. The result shows significant difference in the quality of water along the coastal stretch. The order of dominance of major ions is as follows: Na⁺ ≥ Mg²⁺ ≥ Ca²⁺ ≥ K⁺ and Cl⁻ ≥ HCO₃ ⁻ ≥ CO₃ ²⁻ ≥ PO₄ ³⁻ ≥ F⁻. Na/Cl, Cl/HCO₃ ratio and Revelle index confirmed that 60–70 % of the samples were affected by saline water intrusion. WQI showed that 36 % of the samples were good for drinking and the remaining were poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. 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subjects absorption
Aquaculture practices
Assessments
Biogeosciences
calcium
chlorides
Drinking
Drinking water
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Electrical conductivity
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental Science and Engineering
Exact sciences and technology
fertilizers
fluorine
Geochemistry
Geology
Ground-water quality
groundwater
Household wastes
Hydrogeology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Hydrology/Water Resources
Indexes (ratios)
ions
irrigation
Irrigation water
magnesium
Original Article
permeability
Pollution, environment geology
potassium
Saline water
Saline water intrusion
Sewage
Sodium
sodium carbonate
Terrestrial Pollution
Total dissolved solids
Water quality
wells
title Assessment of groundwater quality in and around Vedaraniyam, South India
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