Indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water-miscible organic solvents by salting-out effect for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
A simple and low‐cost method that indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water‐miscible organic solvents (ISDME) by salting‐out effect before high‐performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) detection was used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental toxicology and chemistry 2014-12, Vol.33 (12), p.2694-2701 |
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| creator | Daneshfar, Ali Khezeli, Tahere |
| description | A simple and low‐cost method that indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water‐miscible organic solvents (ISDME) by salting‐out effect before high‐performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) detection was used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different samples. The ISDME is a combination of salting‐out extraction of water‐miscible organic solvent and directly suspended droplet microextraction (DSDME). Ninety‐five microliters water‐miscible organic solvent (1‐propanol) was added to a 500‐µL sample. A homogeneous solution was formed immediately. To produce a steady vortex at the top of the solution, the sample was agitated at 700 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. By the addition of ammonium sulfate (saturated solution) to the homogeneous solution, 1‐propanol was separated and collected at the bottom of the steady vortex. Finally, 20 µL 1‐propanol was injected into HPLC‐UV. The effects of important parameters such as water‐miscible organic solvent (type and volume), type of salt, and extraction time were evaluated. Under optimum conditions, the method has a good linear calibration range (0.1 µg/L–300 µg/L), coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.998), low limits of detection (between 0.02 µg/L and 0.27 µg/L), and acceptable recovery (>85.0%). Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2694–2701. © 2014 SETAC |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/etc.2753 |
| format | Article |
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The ISDME is a combination of salting‐out extraction of water‐miscible organic solvent and directly suspended droplet microextraction (DSDME). Ninety‐five microliters water‐miscible organic solvent (1‐propanol) was added to a 500‐µL sample. A homogeneous solution was formed immediately. To produce a steady vortex at the top of the solution, the sample was agitated at 700 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. By the addition of ammonium sulfate (saturated solution) to the homogeneous solution, 1‐propanol was separated and collected at the bottom of the steady vortex. Finally, 20 µL 1‐propanol was injected into HPLC‐UV. The effects of important parameters such as water‐miscible organic solvent (type and volume), type of salt, and extraction time were evaluated. Under optimum conditions, the method has a good linear calibration range (0.1 µg/L–300 µg/L), coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.998), low limits of detection (between 0.02 µg/L and 0.27 µg/L), and acceptable recovery (>85.0%). Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2694–2701. © 2014 SETAC</description><identifier>ISSN: 0730-7268</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-8618</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/etc.2753</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25242239</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ETOCDK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Pensacola, FL: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>1-Propanol - chemistry ; Acceptability ; Ammonium ; Ammonium sulfate ; Ammonium Sulfate - chemistry ; Analysis methods ; Analytical chemistry ; Applied sciences ; Calibration ; Chemistry ; Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Droplets ; Exact sciences and technology ; Extraction ; Extraction processes ; Fluid flow ; Fruit - chemistry ; High performance liquid chromatography ; high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) ; Indirectly suspended droplet ; Liquid chromatography ; Liquid Phase Microextraction ; Miscibility ; Natural water pollution ; Organic chemistry ; Organic solvents ; Other chromatographic methods ; Pollution ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - standards ; Propanol ; Salt ; Salting ; Salting-out extraction ; Solution chemistry ; Solvent extraction processes ; Solvents ; Solvents - chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet - standards ; Vegetables - chemistry ; Vortices ; Water - chemistry ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2014-12, Vol.33 (12), p.2694-2701</ispartof><rights>2014 SETAC</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2014 SETAC.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 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The ISDME is a combination of salting‐out extraction of water‐miscible organic solvent and directly suspended droplet microextraction (DSDME). Ninety‐five microliters water‐miscible organic solvent (1‐propanol) was added to a 500‐µL sample. A homogeneous solution was formed immediately. To produce a steady vortex at the top of the solution, the sample was agitated at 700 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. By the addition of ammonium sulfate (saturated solution) to the homogeneous solution, 1‐propanol was separated and collected at the bottom of the steady vortex. Finally, 20 µL 1‐propanol was injected into HPLC‐UV. The effects of important parameters such as water‐miscible organic solvent (type and volume), type of salt, and extraction time were evaluated. Under optimum conditions, the method has a good linear calibration range (0.1 µg/L–300 µg/L), coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.998), low limits of detection (between 0.02 µg/L and 0.27 µg/L), and acceptable recovery (>85.0%). Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2694–2701. © 2014 SETAC</description><subject>1-Propanol - chemistry</subject><subject>Acceptability</subject><subject>Ammonium</subject><subject>Ammonium sulfate</subject><subject>Ammonium Sulfate - chemistry</subject><subject>Analysis methods</subject><subject>Analytical chemistry</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>Droplets</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Extraction</subject><subject>Extraction processes</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Fruit - chemistry</subject><subject>High performance liquid chromatography</subject><subject>high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV)</subject><subject>Indirectly suspended droplet</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Liquid Phase Microextraction</subject><subject>Miscibility</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Organic solvents</subject><subject>Other chromatographic methods</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - standards</subject><subject>Propanol</subject><subject>Salt</subject><subject>Salting</subject><subject>Salting-out extraction</subject><subject>Solution chemistry</subject><subject>Solvent extraction processes</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Solvents - chemistry</subject><subject>Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet - standards</subject><subject>Vegetables - chemistry</subject><subject>Vortices</subject><subject>Water - chemistry</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0730-7268</issn><issn>1552-8618</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkttqFTEUhgdR7LYKPoEERPBmag4zk8yltFoLtXqhCN6ETLKmTc0ku0nGdp6mr9psutuCoHgVCN_6ftahql4SvEcwpu8g6z3KW_aoWpG2pbXoiHhcrTBnuOa0EzvVs5TOMSZd3_dPqx3a0oZS1q-q6yNvbASd3YLSnNbgDRhkYlg7yGiyOga4ylHpbINHYUSXKkOsJ5u0HRygEE-Vtxql4H6DzwkNxaNctv60DnNGMI5FjsYQUT4DZKBUT9arO906uEUv2hWFimEq_xqdLSVfqzgEn55XT0blErzYvrvV948fvu1_qo-_HB7tvz-uddsIVrOBg1GD0QIzpkxDO62AUa5I3_ERAyOd1qXlgdGGN0Ix0-BWgDJlfLqnmu1Wb2-96xguZkhZbloE55SHMCdJulItBCPsP1DWYsKJ4AV9_Qd6HuboSyOS4r7HLe85_hdVXF0jsCDkIbasJKUIo1xHO6m4SILl5gpkuQK5uYKCvtoK52ECcw_erb0Ab7aASlq5MSqvbXrgRN9RRjdcfctdWgfLXwNlYbbBW96mDFf3vIq_ZMcZb-WPk0P59eBz85P3J_KA3QBhddms</recordid><startdate>201412</startdate><enddate>201412</enddate><creator>Daneshfar, Ali</creator><creator>Khezeli, Tahere</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>SETAC</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201412</creationdate><title>Indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water-miscible organic solvents by salting-out effect for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</title><author>Daneshfar, Ali ; Khezeli, Tahere</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5483-3b7edabdc8033ad426cae327a1967f0e316cc422b324748a3d4058ead100c92c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>1-Propanol - chemistry</topic><topic>Acceptability</topic><topic>Ammonium</topic><topic>Ammonium sulfate</topic><topic>Ammonium Sulfate - chemistry</topic><topic>Analysis methods</topic><topic>Analytical chemistry</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</topic><topic>Droplets</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Extraction</topic><topic>Extraction processes</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Fruit - chemistry</topic><topic>High performance liquid chromatography</topic><topic>high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV)</topic><topic>Indirectly suspended droplet</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Liquid Phase Microextraction</topic><topic>Miscibility</topic><topic>Natural water pollution</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Organic solvents</topic><topic>Other chromatographic methods</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</topic><topic>polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)</topic><topic>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis</topic><topic>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - standards</topic><topic>Propanol</topic><topic>Salt</topic><topic>Salting</topic><topic>Salting-out extraction</topic><topic>Solution chemistry</topic><topic>Solvent extraction processes</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Solvents - chemistry</topic><topic>Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet - standards</topic><topic>Vegetables - chemistry</topic><topic>Vortices</topic><topic>Water - chemistry</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Daneshfar, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khezeli, Tahere</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Daneshfar, Ali</au><au>Khezeli, Tahere</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water-miscible organic solvents by salting-out effect for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</atitle><jtitle>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Toxicol Chem</addtitle><date>2014-12</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2694</spage><epage>2701</epage><pages>2694-2701</pages><issn>0730-7268</issn><eissn>1552-8618</eissn><coden>ETOCDK</coden><abstract>A simple and low‐cost method that indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water‐miscible organic solvents (ISDME) by salting‐out effect before high‐performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) detection was used for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different samples. The ISDME is a combination of salting‐out extraction of water‐miscible organic solvent and directly suspended droplet microextraction (DSDME). Ninety‐five microliters water‐miscible organic solvent (1‐propanol) was added to a 500‐µL sample. A homogeneous solution was formed immediately. To produce a steady vortex at the top of the solution, the sample was agitated at 700 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. By the addition of ammonium sulfate (saturated solution) to the homogeneous solution, 1‐propanol was separated and collected at the bottom of the steady vortex. Finally, 20 µL 1‐propanol was injected into HPLC‐UV. The effects of important parameters such as water‐miscible organic solvent (type and volume), type of salt, and extraction time were evaluated. Under optimum conditions, the method has a good linear calibration range (0.1 µg/L–300 µg/L), coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.998), low limits of detection (between 0.02 µg/L and 0.27 µg/L), and acceptable recovery (>85.0%). Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2694–2701. © 2014 SETAC</abstract><cop>Pensacola, FL</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>25242239</pmid><doi>10.1002/etc.2753</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0730-7268 |
| ispartof | Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2014-12, Vol.33 (12), p.2694-2701 |
| issn | 0730-7268 1552-8618 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | 1-Propanol - chemistry Acceptability Ammonium Ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate - chemistry Analysis methods Analytical chemistry Applied sciences Calibration Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Chromatography Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Droplets Exact sciences and technology Extraction Extraction processes Fluid flow Fruit - chemistry High performance liquid chromatography high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) Indirectly suspended droplet Liquid chromatography Liquid Phase Microextraction Miscibility Natural water pollution Organic chemistry Organic solvents Other chromatographic methods Pollution Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - analysis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - isolation & purification Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - standards Propanol Salt Salting Salting-out extraction Solution chemistry Solvent extraction processes Solvents Solvents - chemistry Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet - standards Vegetables - chemistry Vortices Water - chemistry Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Indirectly suspended droplet microextraction of water-miscible organic solvents by salting-out effect for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
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