Experimental study on cascading landslide dam failures by upstream flows
Landslide dams in mountainous areas are quite common. Typically, intense rainfalls can induce upstream flows along the sloping channel, which greatly affects the stability and failure modes of landslide dams. If a series of landslide dams are sequentially collapsed by an incoming mountain torrent (i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Landslides 2013-10, Vol.10 (5), p.633-643 |
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| creator | Zhou, Gordon G. D. Cui, P. Chen, H. Y. Zhu, X. H. Tang, J. B. Sun, Q. C. |
| description | Landslide dams in mountainous areas are quite common. Typically, intense rainfalls can induce upstream flows along the sloping channel, which greatly affects the stability and failure modes of landslide dams. If a series of landslide dams are sequentially collapsed by an incoming mountain torrent (induced by intense rainfall), large debris flows can be formed in a short period of time. This also amplifies the magnitude of the debris flows along the flow direction. The catastrophic debris flows, which occurred in Zhouqu, China on August 8, 2010, were indeed caused by intense rainfall and the upstream cascading failure of landslide dams along the gullies. Experimental tests were conducted in a sloping channel to understand the dynamic process of cascading landslide dam failures and their effect on flow scale amplification. Similar to the Zhouqu conditions, the modeled landslide dams were distributed along a sloping channel and breached by different upstream flows. For each experiment, the front flows were sampled, the entrained grain sizes were analyzed, and the front discharge along the channel was measured. The results of these experiments show that landslide dams occurring along the channel can be destroyed by both high and low discharge flows, although the mechanisms are quite different for the two flow types. Regardless of flow type, the magnitude of the flows significantly increases after a cascading failure of landslide dams, resulting in an increase in both the diameter and the entrained coarse particles percentage. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10346-012-0352-6 |
| format | Article |
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D. ; Cui, P. ; Chen, H. Y. ; Zhu, X. H. ; Tang, J. B. ; Sun, Q. C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Gordon G. D. ; Cui, P. ; Chen, H. Y. ; Zhu, X. H. ; Tang, J. B. ; Sun, Q. C.</creatorcontrib><description>Landslide dams in mountainous areas are quite common. Typically, intense rainfalls can induce upstream flows along the sloping channel, which greatly affects the stability and failure modes of landslide dams. If a series of landslide dams are sequentially collapsed by an incoming mountain torrent (induced by intense rainfall), large debris flows can be formed in a short period of time. This also amplifies the magnitude of the debris flows along the flow direction. The catastrophic debris flows, which occurred in Zhouqu, China on August 8, 2010, were indeed caused by intense rainfall and the upstream cascading failure of landslide dams along the gullies. Experimental tests were conducted in a sloping channel to understand the dynamic process of cascading landslide dam failures and their effect on flow scale amplification. Similar to the Zhouqu conditions, the modeled landslide dams were distributed along a sloping channel and breached by different upstream flows. For each experiment, the front flows were sampled, the entrained grain sizes were analyzed, and the front discharge along the channel was measured. The results of these experiments show that landslide dams occurring along the channel can be destroyed by both high and low discharge flows, although the mechanisms are quite different for the two flow types. Regardless of flow type, the magnitude of the flows significantly increases after a cascading failure of landslide dams, resulting in an increase in both the diameter and the entrained coarse particles percentage.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1612-510X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1612-5118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10346-012-0352-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Amplification ; Cascading ; Channels ; Civil Engineering ; Creeks & streams ; Dam failure ; Dams ; Debris ; Debris flow ; Detritus ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Failure ; Geography ; Gullies ; Landslides ; Landslides & mudslides ; Mountain regions ; Natural Hazards ; Original Paper ; Rainfall ; Upstream</subject><ispartof>Landslides, 2013-10, Vol.10 (5), p.633-643</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2012</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a405t-73b851369bfb6a4494eaa7e450cd6b94ae200192b3b5b486e6784a3edb493be93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a405t-73b851369bfb6a4494eaa7e450cd6b94ae200192b3b5b486e6784a3edb493be93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10346-012-0352-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10346-012-0352-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Gordon G. 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The catastrophic debris flows, which occurred in Zhouqu, China on August 8, 2010, were indeed caused by intense rainfall and the upstream cascading failure of landslide dams along the gullies. Experimental tests were conducted in a sloping channel to understand the dynamic process of cascading landslide dam failures and their effect on flow scale amplification. Similar to the Zhouqu conditions, the modeled landslide dams were distributed along a sloping channel and breached by different upstream flows. For each experiment, the front flows were sampled, the entrained grain sizes were analyzed, and the front discharge along the channel was measured. The results of these experiments show that landslide dams occurring along the channel can be destroyed by both high and low discharge flows, although the mechanisms are quite different for the two flow types. 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D.</au><au>Cui, P.</au><au>Chen, H. Y.</au><au>Zhu, X. H.</au><au>Tang, J. B.</au><au>Sun, Q. C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Experimental study on cascading landslide dam failures by upstream flows</atitle><jtitle>Landslides</jtitle><stitle>Landslides</stitle><date>2013-10-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>633</spage><epage>643</epage><pages>633-643</pages><issn>1612-510X</issn><eissn>1612-5118</eissn><abstract>Landslide dams in mountainous areas are quite common. Typically, intense rainfalls can induce upstream flows along the sloping channel, which greatly affects the stability and failure modes of landslide dams. If a series of landslide dams are sequentially collapsed by an incoming mountain torrent (induced by intense rainfall), large debris flows can be formed in a short period of time. This also amplifies the magnitude of the debris flows along the flow direction. The catastrophic debris flows, which occurred in Zhouqu, China on August 8, 2010, were indeed caused by intense rainfall and the upstream cascading failure of landslide dams along the gullies. Experimental tests were conducted in a sloping channel to understand the dynamic process of cascading landslide dam failures and their effect on flow scale amplification. Similar to the Zhouqu conditions, the modeled landslide dams were distributed along a sloping channel and breached by different upstream flows. For each experiment, the front flows were sampled, the entrained grain sizes were analyzed, and the front discharge along the channel was measured. The results of these experiments show that landslide dams occurring along the channel can be destroyed by both high and low discharge flows, although the mechanisms are quite different for the two flow types. Regardless of flow type, the magnitude of the flows significantly increases after a cascading failure of landslide dams, resulting in an increase in both the diameter and the entrained coarse particles percentage.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s10346-012-0352-6</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agriculture Amplification Cascading Channels Civil Engineering Creeks & streams Dam failure Dams Debris Debris flow Detritus Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Failure Geography Gullies Landslides Landslides & mudslides Mountain regions Natural Hazards Original Paper Rainfall Upstream |
| title | Experimental study on cascading landslide dam failures by upstream flows |
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