Magma fracture and hybrid earthquakes in the conduit of Augustine Volcano
We exploit subtle but systematic shifts in seismic waveforms to examine a 2 h cluster of repeating hybrid volcanic earthquakes preceding the first magmatic explosions at Augustine Volcano in January 2006. We extract differential P wave traveltimes of
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2013-12, Vol.40 (23), p.6038-6042 |
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| container_title | Geophysical research letters |
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| creator | Buurman, Helena West, Michael E. |
| description | We exploit subtle but systematic shifts in seismic waveforms to examine a 2 h cluster of repeating hybrid volcanic earthquakes preceding the first magmatic explosions at Augustine Volcano in January 2006. We extract differential P wave traveltimes of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2013GL057864 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Waveform evolution shows hypocenter migration
Magma fracture zone migrates downwards in the conduit
Seismic evidence for plugging a conduit</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2013GL057864</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Conduits ; earthquake migration ; Earthquakes ; Effusion ; Explosions ; Fracture mechanics ; hybrid earthquakes ; Lava ; Magma ; magma fracture ; P waves ; Seismic activity ; Seismic phenomena ; Seismic waves ; Visual observation ; Volcanic activity ; volcano seismology ; Volcanoes ; Waveforms</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2013-12, Vol.40 (23), p.6038-6042</ispartof><rights>2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Dec 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4614-c82dff2b81d310c1812fa7a9844cfe9fadf91f310facd911bf07994dbefe960b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4614-c82dff2b81d310c1812fa7a9844cfe9fadf91f310facd911bf07994dbefe960b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2013GL057864$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2013GL057864$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,11493,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46443,46808,46867</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Buurman, Helena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, Michael E.</creatorcontrib><title>Magma fracture and hybrid earthquakes in the conduit of Augustine Volcano</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><description>We exploit subtle but systematic shifts in seismic waveforms to examine a 2 h cluster of repeating hybrid volcanic earthquakes preceding the first magmatic explosions at Augustine Volcano in January 2006. We extract differential P wave traveltimes of <0.01 s to determine that the source locations migrated downward by approximately 35 m. Waveform characteristics, GPS observations, and visual reports of lava effusion at the summit suggest that the earthquakes were sourced by fracturing magma in the upper conduit. As the lava cooled and degassed at the surface, the conditions in the upper conduit changed causing the zone in which magma fracture could occur to move downward through the magma column. These changes may also have been the first indicators that the conduit was becoming choked, causing a buildup in pressure that resulted in the large magmatic explosions that followed 36 h later.
Key Points
Waveform evolution shows hypocenter migration
Magma fracture zone migrates downwards in the conduit
Seismic evidence for plugging a conduit</description><subject>Conduits</subject><subject>earthquake migration</subject><subject>Earthquakes</subject><subject>Effusion</subject><subject>Explosions</subject><subject>Fracture mechanics</subject><subject>hybrid earthquakes</subject><subject>Lava</subject><subject>Magma</subject><subject>magma fracture</subject><subject>P waves</subject><subject>Seismic activity</subject><subject>Seismic phenomena</subject><subject>Seismic waves</subject><subject>Visual observation</subject><subject>Volcanic activity</subject><subject>volcano seismology</subject><subject>Volcanoes</subject><subject>Waveforms</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqF0U1P3DAQBmCraqVuobf-AEtcemhgxnZi-4hWZUFaQKr4OFqOY7OBbAJ2Ith_j1dbVagHONnSPK89oyHkB8IhArAjBsgXSyilqsQnMkMtRKEA5GcyA9D5zmT1lXxL6R4AOHCckbNze7e2NETrxil6avuGrjZ1bBvqbRxXT5N98Im2PR1Xnrqhb6Z2pEOgx9PdlMa29_Rm6Jzth33yJdgu-e9_zz1yffL7an5aLC8XZ_PjZWFFhaJwijUhsFphwxEcKmTBSquVEC54HWwTNIZcCtY1GrEOILUWTe1ztYKa75Gfu3cf4_A0-TSadZuc7zrb-2FKBivBGJdYqo9pCRWvWO4r04P_6P0wxT4PYlhuUZWqZPI9tf0WRMk1ZPVrp1wcUoo-mMfYrm3cGASzXZR5u6jM2Y4_t53fvGvN4s-yRBTbULELtWn0L_9CNj6YSnJZmtuLhRESb2_m-tQI_gqh_6DA</recordid><startdate>20131216</startdate><enddate>20131216</enddate><creator>Buurman, Helena</creator><creator>West, Michael E.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7SM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131216</creationdate><title>Magma fracture and hybrid earthquakes in the conduit of Augustine Volcano</title><author>Buurman, Helena ; West, Michael E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a4614-c82dff2b81d310c1812fa7a9844cfe9fadf91f310facd911bf07994dbefe960b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Conduits</topic><topic>earthquake migration</topic><topic>Earthquakes</topic><topic>Effusion</topic><topic>Explosions</topic><topic>Fracture mechanics</topic><topic>hybrid earthquakes</topic><topic>Lava</topic><topic>Magma</topic><topic>magma fracture</topic><topic>P waves</topic><topic>Seismic activity</topic><topic>Seismic phenomena</topic><topic>Seismic waves</topic><topic>Visual observation</topic><topic>Volcanic activity</topic><topic>volcano seismology</topic><topic>Volcanoes</topic><topic>Waveforms</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Buurman, Helena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, Michael E.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Earthquake Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Buurman, Helena</au><au>West, Michael E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Magma fracture and hybrid earthquakes in the conduit of Augustine Volcano</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><date>2013-12-16</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>6038</spage><epage>6042</epage><pages>6038-6042</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>We exploit subtle but systematic shifts in seismic waveforms to examine a 2 h cluster of repeating hybrid volcanic earthquakes preceding the first magmatic explosions at Augustine Volcano in January 2006. We extract differential P wave traveltimes of <0.01 s to determine that the source locations migrated downward by approximately 35 m. Waveform characteristics, GPS observations, and visual reports of lava effusion at the summit suggest that the earthquakes were sourced by fracturing magma in the upper conduit. As the lava cooled and degassed at the surface, the conditions in the upper conduit changed causing the zone in which magma fracture could occur to move downward through the magma column. These changes may also have been the first indicators that the conduit was becoming choked, causing a buildup in pressure that resulted in the large magmatic explosions that followed 36 h later.
Key Points
Waveform evolution shows hypocenter migration
Magma fracture zone migrates downwards in the conduit
Seismic evidence for plugging a conduit</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/2013GL057864</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Geophysical research letters, 2013-12, Vol.40 (23), p.6038-6042 |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Conduits earthquake migration Earthquakes Effusion Explosions Fracture mechanics hybrid earthquakes Lava Magma magma fracture P waves Seismic activity Seismic phenomena Seismic waves Visual observation Volcanic activity volcano seismology Volcanoes Waveforms |
| title | Magma fracture and hybrid earthquakes in the conduit of Augustine Volcano |
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