Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy
OBJECTIVES Owing to the great absorption capability of the pleura for transudates, the protein content of draining pleural fluid may be considered as a more adequate determinant than its daily draining amount in the decision-making for earlier chest tube removal. In an a priori pilot study, we obser...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery 2014-10, Vol.19 (4), p.650-655 |
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| creator | Olgac, Guven Cosgun, Tugba Vayvada, Mustafa Ozdemir, Atilla Kutlu, Cemal Asim |
| description | OBJECTIVES
Owing to the great absorption capability of the pleura for transudates, the protein content of draining pleural fluid may be considered as a more adequate determinant than its daily draining amount in the decision-making for earlier chest tube removal. In an a priori pilot study, we observed that the initially draining protein-rich exudate converts to a transudate quickly in most patients after lobectomies. Thus, chest tubes draining high-volume but low-protein fluids can safely be removed earlier in the absence of an air leak. This randomized study aims to investigate the validity and clinical applicability of this hypothesis as well as its influence on the timing for chest tube removal and earlier discharge after lobectomy.
METHODS
Seventy-two consecutive patients undergoing straightforward lobectomy were randomized into two groups. Patients with conditions affecting postoperative drainage and with persisting air leaks beyond the third postoperative day were excluded. Drains were removed if the pleural fluid to blood protein ratio (PrRPl/B) was ≤0.5, regardless of its daily draining amount in the study arm (Group S; n = 38), and patients in the control arm (Group C; n = 34) had their tubes removed if daily drainage was ≤250 ml regardless of its protein content. Patients were discharged home immediately or the following morning after removal of the last drain. All cases were followed up regarding the development of symptomatic pleural effusions and hospital readmissions for a redrainage procedure.
RESULTS
Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the pattern of decrease in PrRPl/B were the same between groups. The mean PrRPl/B was 0.65 and 0.67 (95% CI = 0.60–0.69 and 0.62–0.72) on the first postoperative day, and it remarkably dropped down to 0.39 and 0.33 (95% CI = 0.33–0.45 and 0.27–0.39) on the second day in Groups S and C, respectively, and remained below 0.5 on the third day (repeated-measures of ANOVA design, post hoc ‘within-group’ comparison of the first postoperative day versus second and third days; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/icvts/ivu207 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_TOX</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1640480927</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1093/icvts/ivu207</oup_id><sourcerecordid>1640480927</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-971005acbb553194c13698cc38ad107bbe9cd60ef5862e966ce47d4930e758d23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kD1PwzAQhi0EoqWwMSNvMFB6jvPlEVV8SZVYYI4c-9IaJXGxnaL-ewwtHRlOd9I9enX3EHLJ4I6B4DOjNsHPzGZIoDgiY5blYiqSMjs-zIKPyJn3HwBMAIdTMkpSIdICYExWC_tF184GND1Vtg_YB2obqp00vVwibdrBaGo8lXRprY4saqOCdbSJhdK1Bh1VK_SBhqFG6rCzG9lS2YS4aG2Nke625-Skka3Hi32fkPfHh7f583Tx-vQyv19MFc9ZmIqCAWRS1XWWcSZSxXguSqV4KTWDoq5RKJ0DNlmZJyjyXGFa6FRwwCIrdcIn5GaXG5_6HOJVVWe8wraVPdrBVyxPIS1BJEVEb3eoctZ7h021dqaTblsxqH7cVr9uq53biF_tk4e6Q32A_2RG4HoH2GH9f9Q3VCmFSQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1640480927</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy</title><source>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</source><creator>Olgac, Guven ; Cosgun, Tugba ; Vayvada, Mustafa ; Ozdemir, Atilla ; Kutlu, Cemal Asim</creator><creatorcontrib>Olgac, Guven ; Cosgun, Tugba ; Vayvada, Mustafa ; Ozdemir, Atilla ; Kutlu, Cemal Asim</creatorcontrib><description>OBJECTIVES
Owing to the great absorption capability of the pleura for transudates, the protein content of draining pleural fluid may be considered as a more adequate determinant than its daily draining amount in the decision-making for earlier chest tube removal. In an a priori pilot study, we observed that the initially draining protein-rich exudate converts to a transudate quickly in most patients after lobectomies. Thus, chest tubes draining high-volume but low-protein fluids can safely be removed earlier in the absence of an air leak. This randomized study aims to investigate the validity and clinical applicability of this hypothesis as well as its influence on the timing for chest tube removal and earlier discharge after lobectomy.
METHODS
Seventy-two consecutive patients undergoing straightforward lobectomy were randomized into two groups. Patients with conditions affecting postoperative drainage and with persisting air leaks beyond the third postoperative day were excluded. Drains were removed if the pleural fluid to blood protein ratio (PrRPl/B) was ≤0.5, regardless of its daily draining amount in the study arm (Group S; n = 38), and patients in the control arm (Group C; n = 34) had their tubes removed if daily drainage was ≤250 ml regardless of its protein content. Patients were discharged home immediately or the following morning after removal of the last drain. All cases were followed up regarding the development of symptomatic pleural effusions and hospital readmissions for a redrainage procedure.
RESULTS
Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the pattern of decrease in PrRPl/B were the same between groups. The mean PrRPl/B was 0.65 and 0.67 (95% CI = 0.60–0.69 and 0.62–0.72) on the first postoperative day, and it remarkably dropped down to 0.39 and 0.33 (95% CI = 0.33–0.45 and 0.27–0.39) on the second day in Groups S and C, respectively, and remained below 0.5 on the third day (repeated-measures of ANOVA design, post hoc ‘within-group’ comparison of the first postoperative day versus second and third days; P < 0.002). Eleven of 38 (29%) and 16 of 27 (59%) patients' chest tubes were, respectively, removed on the first and second postoperative days in Group S, but only two of 34 (6%) and ten of 32 (31%) patients, respectively, had their chest tubes removed in Group C (two-tailed Fisher's exact test, P = 0.02 and 0.005 for the first and the second postoperative days, respectively). On the third postoperative day, daily drainage remained ≥250 ml in 22 (65%) patients, among whom, 17 (77%) would have their chest tubes removed on the PrRPl/B value in Group C. However, drains could not be removed due to the high protein content of draining fluid despite the acceptable volume of daily drainage in only three (27%) of 11 cases in Group S (McNemar's paired proportions test, P = 0.009). The mean chest tube removal time (2.1 ± 0.9 vs 2.9 ± 1.0 days; P < 0.001) and the median hospital stay [3 days (IQR: 1–3) vs 4 days (IQR: 2–4), P < 0.003] were significantly shorter in Group S. None of the patients required a redrainage procedure due to a persistent and symptomatic pleural effusion.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the daily drainage, chest tubes can safely be removed earlier than anticipated in most patients after lobectomy if the protein content of the draining fluid is low.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1569-9293</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1569-9285</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu207</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24994700</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Blood Proteins - metabolism ; Chest Tubes ; Device Removal ; Drainage - instrumentation ; Exudates and Transudates - metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pleural Effusion - diagnosis ; Pleural Effusion - etiology ; Pleural Effusion - metabolism ; Pleural Effusion - therapy ; Pneumonectomy - adverse effects ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Turkey</subject><ispartof>Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2014-10, Vol.19 (4), p.650-655</ispartof><rights>The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved. 2014</rights><rights>The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-971005acbb553194c13698cc38ad107bbe9cd60ef5862e966ce47d4930e758d23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-971005acbb553194c13698cc38ad107bbe9cd60ef5862e966ce47d4930e758d23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1601,27907,27908</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivu207$$EView_record_in_Oxford_University_Press$$FView_record_in_$$GOxford_University_Press</linktorsrc><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24994700$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Olgac, Guven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cosgun, Tugba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vayvada, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozdemir, Atilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kutlu, Cemal Asim</creatorcontrib><title>Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy</title><title>Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery</title><addtitle>Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg</addtitle><description>OBJECTIVES
Owing to the great absorption capability of the pleura for transudates, the protein content of draining pleural fluid may be considered as a more adequate determinant than its daily draining amount in the decision-making for earlier chest tube removal. In an a priori pilot study, we observed that the initially draining protein-rich exudate converts to a transudate quickly in most patients after lobectomies. Thus, chest tubes draining high-volume but low-protein fluids can safely be removed earlier in the absence of an air leak. This randomized study aims to investigate the validity and clinical applicability of this hypothesis as well as its influence on the timing for chest tube removal and earlier discharge after lobectomy.
METHODS
Seventy-two consecutive patients undergoing straightforward lobectomy were randomized into two groups. Patients with conditions affecting postoperative drainage and with persisting air leaks beyond the third postoperative day were excluded. Drains were removed if the pleural fluid to blood protein ratio (PrRPl/B) was ≤0.5, regardless of its daily draining amount in the study arm (Group S; n = 38), and patients in the control arm (Group C; n = 34) had their tubes removed if daily drainage was ≤250 ml regardless of its protein content. Patients were discharged home immediately or the following morning after removal of the last drain. All cases were followed up regarding the development of symptomatic pleural effusions and hospital readmissions for a redrainage procedure.
RESULTS
Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the pattern of decrease in PrRPl/B were the same between groups. The mean PrRPl/B was 0.65 and 0.67 (95% CI = 0.60–0.69 and 0.62–0.72) on the first postoperative day, and it remarkably dropped down to 0.39 and 0.33 (95% CI = 0.33–0.45 and 0.27–0.39) on the second day in Groups S and C, respectively, and remained below 0.5 on the third day (repeated-measures of ANOVA design, post hoc ‘within-group’ comparison of the first postoperative day versus second and third days; P < 0.002). Eleven of 38 (29%) and 16 of 27 (59%) patients' chest tubes were, respectively, removed on the first and second postoperative days in Group S, but only two of 34 (6%) and ten of 32 (31%) patients, respectively, had their chest tubes removed in Group C (two-tailed Fisher's exact test, P = 0.02 and 0.005 for the first and the second postoperative days, respectively). On the third postoperative day, daily drainage remained ≥250 ml in 22 (65%) patients, among whom, 17 (77%) would have their chest tubes removed on the PrRPl/B value in Group C. However, drains could not be removed due to the high protein content of draining fluid despite the acceptable volume of daily drainage in only three (27%) of 11 cases in Group S (McNemar's paired proportions test, P = 0.009). The mean chest tube removal time (2.1 ± 0.9 vs 2.9 ± 1.0 days; P < 0.001) and the median hospital stay [3 days (IQR: 1–3) vs 4 days (IQR: 2–4), P < 0.003] were significantly shorter in Group S. None of the patients required a redrainage procedure due to a persistent and symptomatic pleural effusion.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the daily drainage, chest tubes can safely be removed earlier than anticipated in most patients after lobectomy if the protein content of the draining fluid is low.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>Blood Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Chest Tubes</subject><subject>Device Removal</subject><subject>Drainage - instrumentation</subject><subject>Exudates and Transudates - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pleural Effusion - diagnosis</subject><subject>Pleural Effusion - etiology</subject><subject>Pleural Effusion - metabolism</subject><subject>Pleural Effusion - therapy</subject><subject>Pneumonectomy - adverse effects</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Turkey</subject><issn>1569-9293</issn><issn>1569-9285</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kD1PwzAQhi0EoqWwMSNvMFB6jvPlEVV8SZVYYI4c-9IaJXGxnaL-ewwtHRlOd9I9enX3EHLJ4I6B4DOjNsHPzGZIoDgiY5blYiqSMjs-zIKPyJn3HwBMAIdTMkpSIdICYExWC_tF184GND1Vtg_YB2obqp00vVwibdrBaGo8lXRprY4saqOCdbSJhdK1Bh1VK_SBhqFG6rCzG9lS2YS4aG2Nke625-Skka3Hi32fkPfHh7f583Tx-vQyv19MFc9ZmIqCAWRS1XWWcSZSxXguSqV4KTWDoq5RKJ0DNlmZJyjyXGFa6FRwwCIrdcIn5GaXG5_6HOJVVWe8wraVPdrBVyxPIS1BJEVEb3eoctZ7h021dqaTblsxqH7cVr9uq53biF_tk4e6Q32A_2RG4HoH2GH9f9Q3VCmFSQ</recordid><startdate>201410</startdate><enddate>201410</enddate><creator>Olgac, Guven</creator><creator>Cosgun, Tugba</creator><creator>Vayvada, Mustafa</creator><creator>Ozdemir, Atilla</creator><creator>Kutlu, Cemal Asim</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201410</creationdate><title>Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy</title><author>Olgac, Guven ; Cosgun, Tugba ; Vayvada, Mustafa ; Ozdemir, Atilla ; Kutlu, Cemal Asim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-971005acbb553194c13698cc38ad107bbe9cd60ef5862e966ce47d4930e758d23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biomarkers - metabolism</topic><topic>Blood Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Chest Tubes</topic><topic>Device Removal</topic><topic>Drainage - instrumentation</topic><topic>Exudates and Transudates - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pleural Effusion - diagnosis</topic><topic>Pleural Effusion - etiology</topic><topic>Pleural Effusion - metabolism</topic><topic>Pleural Effusion - therapy</topic><topic>Pneumonectomy - adverse effects</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Turkey</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Olgac, Guven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cosgun, Tugba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vayvada, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ozdemir, Atilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kutlu, Cemal Asim</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Olgac, Guven</au><au>Cosgun, Tugba</au><au>Vayvada, Mustafa</au><au>Ozdemir, Atilla</au><au>Kutlu, Cemal Asim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy</atitle><jtitle>Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery</jtitle><addtitle>Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg</addtitle><date>2014-10</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>650</spage><epage>655</epage><pages>650-655</pages><issn>1569-9293</issn><eissn>1569-9285</eissn><abstract>OBJECTIVES
Owing to the great absorption capability of the pleura for transudates, the protein content of draining pleural fluid may be considered as a more adequate determinant than its daily draining amount in the decision-making for earlier chest tube removal. In an a priori pilot study, we observed that the initially draining protein-rich exudate converts to a transudate quickly in most patients after lobectomies. Thus, chest tubes draining high-volume but low-protein fluids can safely be removed earlier in the absence of an air leak. This randomized study aims to investigate the validity and clinical applicability of this hypothesis as well as its influence on the timing for chest tube removal and earlier discharge after lobectomy.
METHODS
Seventy-two consecutive patients undergoing straightforward lobectomy were randomized into two groups. Patients with conditions affecting postoperative drainage and with persisting air leaks beyond the third postoperative day were excluded. Drains were removed if the pleural fluid to blood protein ratio (PrRPl/B) was ≤0.5, regardless of its daily draining amount in the study arm (Group S; n = 38), and patients in the control arm (Group C; n = 34) had their tubes removed if daily drainage was ≤250 ml regardless of its protein content. Patients were discharged home immediately or the following morning after removal of the last drain. All cases were followed up regarding the development of symptomatic pleural effusions and hospital readmissions for a redrainage procedure.
RESULTS
Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the pattern of decrease in PrRPl/B were the same between groups. The mean PrRPl/B was 0.65 and 0.67 (95% CI = 0.60–0.69 and 0.62–0.72) on the first postoperative day, and it remarkably dropped down to 0.39 and 0.33 (95% CI = 0.33–0.45 and 0.27–0.39) on the second day in Groups S and C, respectively, and remained below 0.5 on the third day (repeated-measures of ANOVA design, post hoc ‘within-group’ comparison of the first postoperative day versus second and third days; P < 0.002). Eleven of 38 (29%) and 16 of 27 (59%) patients' chest tubes were, respectively, removed on the first and second postoperative days in Group S, but only two of 34 (6%) and ten of 32 (31%) patients, respectively, had their chest tubes removed in Group C (two-tailed Fisher's exact test, P = 0.02 and 0.005 for the first and the second postoperative days, respectively). On the third postoperative day, daily drainage remained ≥250 ml in 22 (65%) patients, among whom, 17 (77%) would have their chest tubes removed on the PrRPl/B value in Group C. However, drains could not be removed due to the high protein content of draining fluid despite the acceptable volume of daily drainage in only three (27%) of 11 cases in Group S (McNemar's paired proportions test, P = 0.009). The mean chest tube removal time (2.1 ± 0.9 vs 2.9 ± 1.0 days; P < 0.001) and the median hospital stay [3 days (IQR: 1–3) vs 4 days (IQR: 2–4), P < 0.003] were significantly shorter in Group S. None of the patients required a redrainage procedure due to a persistent and symptomatic pleural effusion.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of the daily drainage, chest tubes can safely be removed earlier than anticipated in most patients after lobectomy if the protein content of the draining fluid is low.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>24994700</pmid><doi>10.1093/icvts/ivu207</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery, 2014-10, Vol.19 (4), p.650-655 |
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| subjects | Adult Aged Biomarkers - metabolism Blood Proteins - metabolism Chest Tubes Device Removal Drainage - instrumentation Exudates and Transudates - metabolism Female Humans Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation Male Middle Aged Pleural Effusion - diagnosis Pleural Effusion - etiology Pleural Effusion - metabolism Pleural Effusion - therapy Pneumonectomy - adverse effects Predictive Value of Tests Prospective Studies Time Factors Treatment Outcome Turkey |
| title | Low protein content of drainage fluid is a good predictor for earlier chest tube removal after lobectomy |
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