Short-Term Memory for the Comparative Instructions in Symbolic Comparison

In the current study, a novel paradigm was used in which participants (N = 24) first compared the sizes of pairs of animals and then were asked, on half of the trials, to make a follow-up identification judgment regarding either the form of the comparative instruction that had just been used for the...

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Veröffentlicht in:Canadian journal of experimental psychology 2014-12, Vol.68 (4), p.242-249
Hauptverfasser: Petrusic, William M., Gallitto, Elena, Leth-Steensen, Craig
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Gallitto, Elena
Leth-Steensen, Craig
description In the current study, a novel paradigm was used in which participants (N = 24) first compared the sizes of pairs of animals and then were asked, on half of the trials, to make a follow-up identification judgment regarding either the form of the comparative instruction that had just been used for the preceding comparison (i.e., smaller? or larger?) or the size of the stimuli in the comparison pair. To selectively enhance the difficulty associated with processing each of these aspects, on a large number of comparison trials, either the comparative instruction or the stimulus pair, respectively, was presented only very briefly. Results indicate that memory for the comparative instructions was dependent on the relative size of the stimulus pair such that participants were more likely to correctly identify the smaller form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of small stimulus items, as well as more likely to correctly identify the larger form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of large stimulus items. Such results are consistent with the view that the size of the stimulus pair contextually activates the representation of the congruent form of the comparative instruction. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, un paradigme novateur a été utilisé selon lequel les participants (N = 24) devaient comparer les tailles de paires d'animaux après quoi on leur demandait, dans la moitié des essais, de porter un jugement d'identification sur la forme de l'instruction de comparaison qui venait d'être utilisée pour la comparaison précédente (c.-à-d. plus petit? ou plus grand?), ou sur la taille des stimuli impliqués dans la paire de comparaison. En augmentant de manière sélective la difficulté associée au traitement de chacun de ces aspects, sur un nombre élevé d'essais de comparaison, l'instruction de comparaison ou la paire de stimuli, respectivement, n'était présentée que de façon très brève. Les résultats indiquent que la mémoire pour les instructions de comparaison dépendait de la taille relative des paires de stimuli de sorte que les participants étaient plus susceptibles d'identifier correctement la plus petite forme de l'instruction de comparaison après avoir comparé des paires de petits items de stimulation et plus susceptibles d'identifier correctement la forme plus large de l'instruction de comparaison après avoir comparé des paires d'items de stimulation plus gros. Ces résultats concordent avec la théorie que la taille de la paire
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To selectively enhance the difficulty associated with processing each of these aspects, on a large number of comparison trials, either the comparative instruction or the stimulus pair, respectively, was presented only very briefly. Results indicate that memory for the comparative instructions was dependent on the relative size of the stimulus pair such that participants were more likely to correctly identify the smaller form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of small stimulus items, as well as more likely to correctly identify the larger form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of large stimulus items. Such results are consistent with the view that the size of the stimulus pair contextually activates the representation of the congruent form of the comparative instruction. 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To selectively enhance the difficulty associated with processing each of these aspects, on a large number of comparison trials, either the comparative instruction or the stimulus pair, respectively, was presented only very briefly. Results indicate that memory for the comparative instructions was dependent on the relative size of the stimulus pair such that participants were more likely to correctly identify the smaller form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of small stimulus items, as well as more likely to correctly identify the larger form of the comparative instruction after comparing pairs of large stimulus items. Such results are consistent with the view that the size of the stimulus pair contextually activates the representation of the congruent form of the comparative instruction. Dans le cadre de la présente étude, un paradigme novateur a été utilisé selon lequel les participants (N = 24) devaient comparer les tailles de paires d'animaux après quoi on leur demandait, dans la moitié des essais, de porter un jugement d'identification sur la forme de l'instruction de comparaison qui venait d'être utilisée pour la comparaison précédente (c.-à-d. plus petit? ou plus grand?), ou sur la taille des stimuli impliqués dans la paire de comparaison. En augmentant de manière sélective la difficulté associée au traitement de chacun de ces aspects, sur un nombre élevé d'essais de comparaison, l'instruction de comparaison ou la paire de stimuli, respectivement, n'était présentée que de façon très brève. Les résultats indiquent que la mémoire pour les instructions de comparaison dépendait de la taille relative des paires de stimuli de sorte que les participants étaient plus susceptibles d'identifier correctement la plus petite forme de l'instruction de comparaison après avoir comparé des paires de petits items de stimulation et plus susceptibles d'identifier correctement la forme plus large de l'instruction de comparaison après avoir comparé des paires d'items de stimulation plus gros. Ces résultats concordent avec la théorie que la taille de la paire de stimuli active contextuellement la représentation de la forme congruente de l'instruction de comparaison.</abstract><cop>Old Chelsea, PQ</cop><pub>Educational Publishing Foundation</pub><pmid>25528564</pmid><doi>10.1037/cep0000040</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Association
Biological and medical sciences
Cognitive Processes
Contextual Associations
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Human
Human Channel Capacity
Humans
Judgment - physiology
Learning. Memory
Male
Memory
Memory, Short-Term - physiology
Models, Educational
Pattern Recognition, Visual
Photic Stimulation
Priming
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychophysics
Reaction Time - physiology
Semantics
Short Term Memory
Stimulus Parameters
Young Adult
title Short-Term Memory for the Comparative Instructions in Symbolic Comparison
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