The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): An analysis of methodological and conceptual challenges

In a bold effort to address the longstanding shortcomings of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) framework for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology, the National Institute of Mental Health recently launched a research program – the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) – in the hope...

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Veröffentlicht in:Behaviour research and therapy 2014-11, Vol.62, p.129-139
1. Verfasser: Lilienfeld, Scott O.
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description In a bold effort to address the longstanding shortcomings of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) framework for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology, the National Institute of Mental Health recently launched a research program – the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) – in the hopes of developing an alternative taxonomic system rooted in dysfunctional brain circuitry. Although the RDoC endeavor has considerable promise, it faces several methodological and conceptual challenges, four of which I address here: (a) an overemphasis on biological units and measures, (b) neglect of measurement error, (c) biological and psychometric limitations of endophenotypes, and (d) the distinction between biological predispositions and their behavioral manifestations. Because none of these challenges is in principle insurmountable, I encourage investigators to consider potential remedies for them. RDoC is a calculated gamble that appears to be worth the risk, but its chances of success will be maximized by a thoughtful consideration of hard-won lessons learned – but frequently forgotten – over the past several decades of psychological and psychiatric research. •I review shortcomings with the extant classification system that led to calls for change.•I lay out the assumptions of the competing Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) program.•I examine four key conceptual and methodological challenges to RDoC's progress.•I present potential remedies for each of these challenges.
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source Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
subjects Biological
Biological and medical sciences
Classifiation
Diagnosis
Endophenotypes
Humans
Laboratory tasks
Measurement errors
Medical diagnosis
Medical sciences
Mental Disorders - classification
Mental Disorders - diagnosis
Mental health
Meta-analysis
National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)
Nosology. Terminology. Diagnostic criteria
Personality traits
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Quantitative psychology
Risk assessment
Statistical power
Techniques and methods
United States
title The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): An analysis of methodological and conceptual challenges
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