Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background Sprint interval training (SIT) involving repeated 30-s “all out” efforts have resulted in significantly improved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and endurance performance. The positive impact of SIT on cardiorespiratory fitness has far-reaching health implicatio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sports medicine (Auckland) 2014-02, Vol.44 (2), p.269-279 |
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| creator | Gist, Nicholas H. Fedewa, Michael V. Dishman, Rod K. Cureton, Kirk J. |
| description | Background
Sprint interval training (SIT) involving repeated 30-s “all out” efforts have resulted in significantly improved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and endurance performance. The positive impact of SIT on cardiorespiratory fitness has far-reaching health implications.
Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the effects of SIT on aerobic capacity.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted using the key words ‘sprint interval training’, ‘high intensity intermittent training/exercise’, ‘aerobic capacity’, and ‘maximal oxygen uptake’. Seventeen effects were analyzed from 16 randomized controlled trials of 318 participants. The mean ± standard deviation number of participants was 18.7 ± 5.1. Participant age was 23.5 ± 4.3 years.
Results
The effect size calculated for all studies indicates that supramaximal-intensity SIT has a small-to-moderate effect (Cohen’s
d
= 0.32, 95 % CI 0.10–0.55;
z
= 2.79,
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s40279-013-0115-0 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1635023245</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3495374251</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-cd78a8fe2189d665c5aef2581cec4e76ef2c9a67f9854c49f6547e1cc7439ca53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkUFLAzEQhYMotlZ_gBcJePGymmSTzcZbKVULimDryUNI09myZbtbk7TSf2-WVhFB8DCEeXzzhsxD6JySa0qIvPGcMKkSQtNYVCTkAHUpjQojqThE3SiyhGacddCJ9wtCiMg5O0YdxilTMudd9DZeubIOeFQHcBtT4YkzZV3WczwsCrDB46bGfXDNtLR4YFbGlmF7i_t4vPUBliZE-QU2JXxgU8_wEwST9GtTbX3pT9FRYSoPZ_u3h17vhpPBQ_L4fD8a9B8TyyUNiZ3J3OQFMJqrWZYJKwwUTOTUguUgs9hYZTJZqFxwy1WRCS6BWit5qqwRaQ9d7XxXrnlfgw96WXoLVWVqaNZe0ywVhKWM_wPlKpVKyHjSHrr8hS6atYtfaw0ZV5LmnESK7ijrGu8dFDrec2ncVlOi25D0LiQdHXUbkm5nLvbO6-kSZt8TX6lEgO0A34YzB_dj9Z-un2Jomt0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1624971840</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Gist, Nicholas H. ; Fedewa, Michael V. ; Dishman, Rod K. ; Cureton, Kirk J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gist, Nicholas H. ; Fedewa, Michael V. ; Dishman, Rod K. ; Cureton, Kirk J.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Sprint interval training (SIT) involving repeated 30-s “all out” efforts have resulted in significantly improved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and endurance performance. The positive impact of SIT on cardiorespiratory fitness has far-reaching health implications.
Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the effects of SIT on aerobic capacity.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted using the key words ‘sprint interval training’, ‘high intensity intermittent training/exercise’, ‘aerobic capacity’, and ‘maximal oxygen uptake’. Seventeen effects were analyzed from 16 randomized controlled trials of 318 participants. The mean ± standard deviation number of participants was 18.7 ± 5.1. Participant age was 23.5 ± 4.3 years.
Results
The effect size calculated for all studies indicates that supramaximal-intensity SIT has a small-to-moderate effect (Cohen’s
d
= 0.32, 95 % CI 0.10–0.55;
z
= 2.79,
P
< 0.01) on aerobic capacity with an aggregate improvement of ~3.6 mL·kg
−1
·min
−1
(~8 % increase). The effect is moderate to large in comparison with no-exercise control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.69, 95 % CI 0.46–0.93;
z
= 5.84,
P
< 0.01) and not different when compared with endurance training control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.04, 95 % CI −0.17 to 0.24;
z
= 0.36,
P
= 0.72).
Conclusion
SIT improves aerobic capacity in healthy, young people. Relative to continuous endurance training of moderate intensity, SIT presents an equally effective alternative with a reduced volume of activity. This evaluation of effects and analysis of moderating variables consolidates the findings of small-sample studies and contributes to the practical application of SIT to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0112-1642</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1179-2035</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s40279-013-0115-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24129784</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Physiological ; Adult ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Exercise ; Exercise Tolerance - physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maximal Voluntary Ventilation - physiology ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Older people ; Oxygen Consumption - physiology ; Physical Endurance - physiology ; Physical fitness ; Running - physiology ; Sports Medicine ; Studies ; Systematic Review ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Sports medicine (Auckland), 2014-02, Vol.44 (2), p.269-279</ispartof><rights>Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2013</rights><rights>Copyright Wolters Kluwer Health Adis International Feb 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-cd78a8fe2189d665c5aef2581cec4e76ef2c9a67f9854c49f6547e1cc7439ca53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-cd78a8fe2189d665c5aef2581cec4e76ef2c9a67f9854c49f6547e1cc7439ca53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40279-013-0115-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40279-013-0115-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24129784$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gist, Nicholas H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fedewa, Michael V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dishman, Rod K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cureton, Kirk J.</creatorcontrib><title>Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</title><title>Sports medicine (Auckland)</title><addtitle>Sports Med</addtitle><addtitle>Sports Med</addtitle><description>Background
Sprint interval training (SIT) involving repeated 30-s “all out” efforts have resulted in significantly improved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and endurance performance. The positive impact of SIT on cardiorespiratory fitness has far-reaching health implications.
Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the effects of SIT on aerobic capacity.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted using the key words ‘sprint interval training’, ‘high intensity intermittent training/exercise’, ‘aerobic capacity’, and ‘maximal oxygen uptake’. Seventeen effects were analyzed from 16 randomized controlled trials of 318 participants. The mean ± standard deviation number of participants was 18.7 ± 5.1. Participant age was 23.5 ± 4.3 years.
Results
The effect size calculated for all studies indicates that supramaximal-intensity SIT has a small-to-moderate effect (Cohen’s
d
= 0.32, 95 % CI 0.10–0.55;
z
= 2.79,
P
< 0.01) on aerobic capacity with an aggregate improvement of ~3.6 mL·kg
−1
·min
−1
(~8 % increase). The effect is moderate to large in comparison with no-exercise control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.69, 95 % CI 0.46–0.93;
z
= 5.84,
P
< 0.01) and not different when compared with endurance training control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.04, 95 % CI −0.17 to 0.24;
z
= 0.36,
P
= 0.72).
Conclusion
SIT improves aerobic capacity in healthy, young people. Relative to continuous endurance training of moderate intensity, SIT presents an equally effective alternative with a reduced volume of activity. This evaluation of effects and analysis of moderating variables consolidates the findings of small-sample studies and contributes to the practical application of SIT to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health.</description><subject>Adaptation, Physiological</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Databases, Bibliographic</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Exercise Tolerance - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maximal Voluntary Ventilation - physiology</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Older people</subject><subject>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Endurance - physiology</subject><subject>Physical fitness</subject><subject>Running - physiology</subject><subject>Sports Medicine</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Systematic Review</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0112-1642</issn><issn>1179-2035</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFLAzEQhYMotlZ_gBcJePGymmSTzcZbKVULimDryUNI09myZbtbk7TSf2-WVhFB8DCEeXzzhsxD6JySa0qIvPGcMKkSQtNYVCTkAHUpjQojqThE3SiyhGacddCJ9wtCiMg5O0YdxilTMudd9DZeubIOeFQHcBtT4YkzZV3WczwsCrDB46bGfXDNtLR4YFbGlmF7i_t4vPUBliZE-QU2JXxgU8_wEwST9GtTbX3pT9FRYSoPZ_u3h17vhpPBQ_L4fD8a9B8TyyUNiZ3J3OQFMJqrWZYJKwwUTOTUguUgs9hYZTJZqFxwy1WRCS6BWit5qqwRaQ9d7XxXrnlfgw96WXoLVWVqaNZe0ywVhKWM_wPlKpVKyHjSHrr8hS6atYtfaw0ZV5LmnESK7ijrGu8dFDrec2ncVlOi25D0LiQdHXUbkm5nLvbO6-kSZt8TX6lEgO0A34YzB_dj9Z-un2Jomt0</recordid><startdate>20140201</startdate><enddate>20140201</enddate><creator>Gist, Nicholas H.</creator><creator>Fedewa, Michael V.</creator><creator>Dishman, Rod K.</creator><creator>Cureton, Kirk J.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140201</creationdate><title>Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</title><author>Gist, Nicholas H. ; Fedewa, Michael V. ; Dishman, Rod K. ; Cureton, Kirk J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c471t-cd78a8fe2189d665c5aef2581cec4e76ef2c9a67f9854c49f6547e1cc7439ca53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Physiological</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Databases, Bibliographic</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Exercise Tolerance - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Maximal Voluntary Ventilation - physiology</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Older people</topic><topic>Oxygen Consumption - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Endurance - physiology</topic><topic>Physical fitness</topic><topic>Running - physiology</topic><topic>Sports Medicine</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Systematic Review</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gist, Nicholas H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fedewa, Michael V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dishman, Rod K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cureton, Kirk J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Sports medicine (Auckland)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gist, Nicholas H.</au><au>Fedewa, Michael V.</au><au>Dishman, Rod K.</au><au>Cureton, Kirk J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</atitle><jtitle>Sports medicine (Auckland)</jtitle><stitle>Sports Med</stitle><addtitle>Sports Med</addtitle><date>2014-02-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>269</spage><epage>279</epage><pages>269-279</pages><issn>0112-1642</issn><eissn>1179-2035</eissn><abstract>Background
Sprint interval training (SIT) involving repeated 30-s “all out” efforts have resulted in significantly improved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen uptake, and endurance performance. The positive impact of SIT on cardiorespiratory fitness has far-reaching health implications.
Objective
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine the effects of SIT on aerobic capacity.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted using the key words ‘sprint interval training’, ‘high intensity intermittent training/exercise’, ‘aerobic capacity’, and ‘maximal oxygen uptake’. Seventeen effects were analyzed from 16 randomized controlled trials of 318 participants. The mean ± standard deviation number of participants was 18.7 ± 5.1. Participant age was 23.5 ± 4.3 years.
Results
The effect size calculated for all studies indicates that supramaximal-intensity SIT has a small-to-moderate effect (Cohen’s
d
= 0.32, 95 % CI 0.10–0.55;
z
= 2.79,
P
< 0.01) on aerobic capacity with an aggregate improvement of ~3.6 mL·kg
−1
·min
−1
(~8 % increase). The effect is moderate to large in comparison with no-exercise control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.69, 95 % CI 0.46–0.93;
z
= 5.84,
P
< 0.01) and not different when compared with endurance training control groups (Cohen’s
d
= 0.04, 95 % CI −0.17 to 0.24;
z
= 0.36,
P
= 0.72).
Conclusion
SIT improves aerobic capacity in healthy, young people. Relative to continuous endurance training of moderate intensity, SIT presents an equally effective alternative with a reduced volume of activity. This evaluation of effects and analysis of moderating variables consolidates the findings of small-sample studies and contributes to the practical application of SIT to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>24129784</pmid><doi>10.1007/s40279-013-0115-0</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Sports medicine (Auckland), 2014-02, Vol.44 (2), p.269-279 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Adaptation, Physiological Adult Databases, Bibliographic Exercise Exercise Tolerance - physiology Female Humans Male Maximal Voluntary Ventilation - physiology Medicine Medicine & Public Health Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Older people Oxygen Consumption - physiology Physical Endurance - physiology Physical fitness Running - physiology Sports Medicine Studies Systematic Review Young Adult |
| title | Sprint Interval Training Effects on Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
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