Direct quantification of fatty acids in human milk by gas chromatography
Human milk provides the key nutrients necessary for the infants’ growth and development. The fatty acid composition of human milk has been extensively studied over the last 20 years and the results obtained by analyzing the fatty acid profile followed by lipid extraction and expressing data as g per...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of Chromatography A 2013-04, Vol.1284, p.174-179 |
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| container_title | Journal of Chromatography A |
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| creator | Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina Goeuriot, Sebastien Giuffrida, Francesca Thakkar, Sagar K. Destaillats, Frédéric |
| description | Human milk provides the key nutrients necessary for the infants’ growth and development. The fatty acid composition of human milk has been extensively studied over the last 20 years and the results obtained by analyzing the fatty acid profile followed by lipid extraction and expressing data as g per 100g of fatty acids. The main drawback is that normalizing data set does not give any information on the amount of fatty acid mother's milk and therefore the level of intake by the infant. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate a direct method to analyze the fatty acid content in liquid human milk samples. Hydrochloric acid in a solution of methanol was selected as the catalyst and methyl undecanoate (11:0) as the internal standard together with tritridecanoin (13:0 TAG) to monitor transesterification performance. The separation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was performed using a 100m highly polar capillary column and a certified calibration mixture used to calculate experimental response factors. The method is suitable to quantify fatty acids in human milk from a 250μL sample and allow expression of the data in mg of fatty acids per deciliter of human milk as well as weight % of fatty acids. The method has been validated and show a good repeatability [CV(r) |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.094 |
| format | Article |
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The fatty acid composition of human milk has been extensively studied over the last 20 years and the results obtained by analyzing the fatty acid profile followed by lipid extraction and expressing data as g per 100g of fatty acids. The main drawback is that normalizing data set does not give any information on the amount of fatty acid mother's milk and therefore the level of intake by the infant. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate a direct method to analyze the fatty acid content in liquid human milk samples. Hydrochloric acid in a solution of methanol was selected as the catalyst and methyl undecanoate (11:0) as the internal standard together with tritridecanoin (13:0 TAG) to monitor transesterification performance. The separation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was performed using a 100m highly polar capillary column and a certified calibration mixture used to calculate experimental response factors. The method is suitable to quantify fatty acids in human milk from a 250μL sample and allow expression of the data in mg of fatty acids per deciliter of human milk as well as weight % of fatty acids. The method has been validated and show a good repeatability [CV(r)<15% and CV(r)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ] and a good intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)<15% and CV(iR)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ]. The method was applied to analyze human milk samples obtained from 50 mothers 4 weeks post partum and the data are provided in absolute and relative quantity. These results show that the inter-individual variability of the fatty acid content in human milk is of prime importance and such information cannot be captured with normalized data sets.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9673</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3778</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.094</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23452468</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JOCRAM</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; breast milk ; catalysts ; Chromatography, Gas - methods ; data collection ; Delivery. Postpartum. Lactation ; fatty acid composition ; Fatty acid methyl ester ; fatty acid methyl esters ; fatty acids ; Fatty Acids - analysis ; Fatty Acids - chemistry ; Female ; Gas chromatography ; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics ; Human milk ; Humans ; hydrochloric acid ; infants ; Limit of Detection ; Linear Models ; Maternal, fetal and perinatal monitoring ; Medical sciences ; methanol ; Milk, Human - chemistry ; Molecular Weight ; mothers ; nutrients ; Reproducibility of Results ; transesterification</subject><ispartof>Journal of Chromatography A, 2013-04, Vol.1284, p.174-179</ispartof><rights>2013 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-46a547be411c42b8d7e302e4d6504217dbda14310df06b6e540a608294b692e93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-46a547be411c42b8d7e302e4d6504217dbda14310df06b6e540a608294b692e93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021967313002161$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27162722$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23452468$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goeuriot, Sebastien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giuffrida, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thakkar, Sagar K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Destaillats, Frédéric</creatorcontrib><title>Direct quantification of fatty acids in human milk by gas chromatography</title><title>Journal of Chromatography A</title><addtitle>J Chromatogr A</addtitle><description>Human milk provides the key nutrients necessary for the infants’ growth and development. The fatty acid composition of human milk has been extensively studied over the last 20 years and the results obtained by analyzing the fatty acid profile followed by lipid extraction and expressing data as g per 100g of fatty acids. The main drawback is that normalizing data set does not give any information on the amount of fatty acid mother's milk and therefore the level of intake by the infant. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate a direct method to analyze the fatty acid content in liquid human milk samples. Hydrochloric acid in a solution of methanol was selected as the catalyst and methyl undecanoate (11:0) as the internal standard together with tritridecanoin (13:0 TAG) to monitor transesterification performance. The separation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was performed using a 100m highly polar capillary column and a certified calibration mixture used to calculate experimental response factors. The method is suitable to quantify fatty acids in human milk from a 250μL sample and allow expression of the data in mg of fatty acids per deciliter of human milk as well as weight % of fatty acids. The method has been validated and show a good repeatability [CV(r)<15% and CV(r)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ] and a good intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)<15% and CV(iR)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ]. The method was applied to analyze human milk samples obtained from 50 mothers 4 weeks post partum and the data are provided in absolute and relative quantity. These results show that the inter-individual variability of the fatty acid content in human milk is of prime importance and such information cannot be captured with normalized data sets.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>breast milk</subject><subject>catalysts</subject><subject>Chromatography, Gas - methods</subject><subject>data collection</subject><subject>Delivery. Postpartum. Lactation</subject><subject>fatty acid composition</subject><subject>Fatty acid methyl ester</subject><subject>fatty acid methyl esters</subject><subject>fatty acids</subject><subject>Fatty Acids - analysis</subject><subject>Fatty Acids - chemistry</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</subject><subject>Human milk</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>hydrochloric acid</subject><subject>infants</subject><subject>Limit of Detection</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Maternal, fetal and perinatal monitoring</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>methanol</subject><subject>Milk, Human - chemistry</subject><subject>Molecular Weight</subject><subject>mothers</subject><subject>nutrients</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>transesterification</subject><issn>0021-9673</issn><issn>1873-3778</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0EotvCP0DgC1IvCeOP2MkFqSofRarEAXq2Jo6z6yWJt3aCtP8eL1ngxsmXZ-YdPy8hrxiUDJh6ty_tLoYRSw5MlMBKaOQTsmG1FoXQun5KNgCcFY3S4oJcprQHYBo0f04uuJAVl6rekLsPPjo708cFp9n33uLsw0RDT3uc5yNF67tE_UR3y4gTHf3wg7ZHusVE1_g5bCMedscX5FmPQ3Ivz-8Vefj08fvtXXH_9fOX25v7wkrZzIVUWEndOsmYlbytO-0EcCc7VYHkTHdth0wKBl0PqlWukoAKat7IVjXcNeKKXK97DzE8Li7NZvTJumHAyYUlGaZElfXoimdUrqiNIaXoenOIfsR4NAzMyaHZm_UT5uTQADPZYR57fU5Y2tF1f4f-SMvA2zOAyeLQR5ysT_84zRTX_JT_ZuV6DAa3MTMP33JSlYtochcn4v1KuGzsp3fRJOvdZF33uxXTBf__W38BZZmZHg</recordid><startdate>20130405</startdate><enddate>20130405</enddate><creator>Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina</creator><creator>Goeuriot, Sebastien</creator><creator>Giuffrida, Francesca</creator><creator>Thakkar, Sagar K.</creator><creator>Destaillats, Frédéric</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130405</creationdate><title>Direct quantification of fatty acids in human milk by gas chromatography</title><author>Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina ; Goeuriot, Sebastien ; Giuffrida, Francesca ; Thakkar, Sagar K. ; Destaillats, Frédéric</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-46a547be411c42b8d7e302e4d6504217dbda14310df06b6e540a608294b692e93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>breast milk</topic><topic>catalysts</topic><topic>Chromatography, Gas - methods</topic><topic>data collection</topic><topic>Delivery. Postpartum. Lactation</topic><topic>fatty acid composition</topic><topic>Fatty acid methyl ester</topic><topic>fatty acid methyl esters</topic><topic>fatty acids</topic><topic>Fatty Acids - analysis</topic><topic>Fatty Acids - chemistry</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics</topic><topic>Human milk</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>hydrochloric acid</topic><topic>infants</topic><topic>Limit of Detection</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Maternal, fetal and perinatal monitoring</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>methanol</topic><topic>Milk, Human - chemistry</topic><topic>Molecular Weight</topic><topic>mothers</topic><topic>nutrients</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>transesterification</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goeuriot, Sebastien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Giuffrida, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thakkar, Sagar K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Destaillats, Frédéric</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of Chromatography A</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cruz-Hernandez, Cristina</au><au>Goeuriot, Sebastien</au><au>Giuffrida, Francesca</au><au>Thakkar, Sagar K.</au><au>Destaillats, Frédéric</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Direct quantification of fatty acids in human milk by gas chromatography</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Chromatography A</jtitle><addtitle>J Chromatogr A</addtitle><date>2013-04-05</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>1284</volume><spage>174</spage><epage>179</epage><pages>174-179</pages><issn>0021-9673</issn><eissn>1873-3778</eissn><coden>JOCRAM</coden><abstract>Human milk provides the key nutrients necessary for the infants’ growth and development. The fatty acid composition of human milk has been extensively studied over the last 20 years and the results obtained by analyzing the fatty acid profile followed by lipid extraction and expressing data as g per 100g of fatty acids. The main drawback is that normalizing data set does not give any information on the amount of fatty acid mother's milk and therefore the level of intake by the infant. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate a direct method to analyze the fatty acid content in liquid human milk samples. Hydrochloric acid in a solution of methanol was selected as the catalyst and methyl undecanoate (11:0) as the internal standard together with tritridecanoin (13:0 TAG) to monitor transesterification performance. The separation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was performed using a 100m highly polar capillary column and a certified calibration mixture used to calculate experimental response factors. The method is suitable to quantify fatty acids in human milk from a 250μL sample and allow expression of the data in mg of fatty acids per deciliter of human milk as well as weight % of fatty acids. The method has been validated and show a good repeatability [CV(r)<15% and CV(r)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ] and a good intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)<15% and CV(iR)<20% for the concentrations close to the LOQ]. The method was applied to analyze human milk samples obtained from 50 mothers 4 weeks post partum and the data are provided in absolute and relative quantity. These results show that the inter-individual variability of the fatty acid content in human milk is of prime importance and such information cannot be captured with normalized data sets.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>23452468</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.094</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological and medical sciences breast milk catalysts Chromatography, Gas - methods data collection Delivery. Postpartum. Lactation fatty acid composition Fatty acid methyl ester fatty acid methyl esters fatty acids Fatty Acids - analysis Fatty Acids - chemistry Female Gas chromatography Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Human milk Humans hydrochloric acid infants Limit of Detection Linear Models Maternal, fetal and perinatal monitoring Medical sciences methanol Milk, Human - chemistry Molecular Weight mothers nutrients Reproducibility of Results transesterification |
| title | Direct quantification of fatty acids in human milk by gas chromatography |
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