Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals
Statement of problem Information is lacking of the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the hardness gradients and the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable co...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of prosthetic dentistry 2014-11, Vol.112 (5), p.1231-1237 |
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| container_title | The Journal of prosthetic dentistry |
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| creator | Ding, Hong, MDS Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS Luo, Xiaoping, DDS |
| description | Statement of problem Information is lacking of the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the hardness gradients and the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Material and methods Slots in steel split cylinders with 1 open end were filled with the following 6 materials: Luxa Core, Para Core, Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, Gradia Core, and Core-Flo DC. After filling, they were subjected to a light intensity of 1250 mWcm-2 with a light-emitting diode light through their open ends for 20 seconds. The resulting specimens were stored in a light-proof box at 37°C, and the Knoop hardness gradients of each polymerized material were measured after 0.5 hour, 24 hours, and 120 hours. The surface readings were obtained in 1-mm intervals at 1 mm to 10 mm away from the open ends. The collected data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=.05). Results Before the Knoop hardness numbers of the 6 materials became stable, they decreased gradually in depth at each time point ( P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.03.013 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1629961019</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S0022391314001905</els_id><sourcerecordid>1629961019</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-e1678fd1f1c2b45ef85d815cca05b02378359c3a3bf1226b27732924b0832a223</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkT1vFDEQhi1ERI7AX4hc0uwyHu9ng0BRIEiRKBIKKstrzyIf3vVh74KOXx-vLqGgoZrmmXc0z8vYpYBSgGje7stDDMnSvJQIoipBliDkM7YT0LdF01XiOdsBIBayF_KcvUxpDwBd3YoX7ByrrsFa1jv27UZHO1NK_HvU1uW8xMPI7ap9cQj-OFF0f8jy0YffevDETZgOIbmFeKTk5sTdzJObVq-XjMUQFm70rH16xc7GPOj147xgXz9e31_dFLdfPn2--nBbmArlUpBo2m60YhQGh6qmsattJ2pjNNQDoGw7WfdGajmMArEZsG0l9lgN0EnUiPKCvTnlZiE_V0qLmlwy5L2eKaxJiQb7vsnS-ow2J9RkdynSqA7RTToelQC1aVV79aRVbVoVSJW15sXLxxvrMJH9u_bkMQPvTwDlT385iiqZLNOQdZHMomxw_7_x7p8I493sjPY_6EhpH9a4aVVCJVSg7rZyt25FBfk3qOUDAHKh6A</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1629961019</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Ding, Hong, MDS ; Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS ; Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</creator><creatorcontrib>Ding, Hong, MDS ; Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS ; Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</creatorcontrib><description>Statement of problem Information is lacking of the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the hardness gradients and the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Material and methods Slots in steel split cylinders with 1 open end were filled with the following 6 materials: Luxa Core, Para Core, Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, Gradia Core, and Core-Flo DC. After filling, they were subjected to a light intensity of 1250 mWcm-2 with a light-emitting diode light through their open ends for 20 seconds. The resulting specimens were stored in a light-proof box at 37°C, and the Knoop hardness gradients of each polymerized material were measured after 0.5 hour, 24 hours, and 120 hours. The surface readings were obtained in 1-mm intervals at 1 mm to 10 mm away from the open ends. The collected data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=.05). Results Before the Knoop hardness numbers of the 6 materials became stable, they decreased gradually in depth at each time point ( P <.001). However, the depths at which they became stable differed. The Knoop hardness numbers of Luxa Core and Core-Flo DC reached stability at a depth of 3 mm, Para Core at 4 mm, and Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, and Gradia Core at 5 mm. Additionally, at 120 hours after exposure, the ratios of the Knoop hardness numbers at a depth of 5 mm to those at 1 mm were 63.08% for Luxa Core, 70.48% for Clearfil DC Core, 81.38% for Para Core, 80.49% for Gradia Core, 86.30% for Multi Core Flow, and 96.28% for Core-Flo DC. Conclusions In simulated root canals, the flowable composite resin foundation materials tested had better polymerization under dual polymerizing than under chemical polymerizing, and their chemical-polymerized capabilities could determine the definitive polymerization depth.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3913</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-6841</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.03.013</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24862535</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry ; Composite Resins - chemistry ; Curing Lights, Dental - classification ; Darkness ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Dentistry ; Hardness ; Humans ; Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives - instrumentation ; Materials Testing ; Methacrylates - chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry ; Polymerization ; Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry ; Polyurethanes - chemistry ; Resin Cements - chemistry ; Self-Curing of Dental Resins - instrumentation ; Self-Curing of Dental Resins - methods ; Surface Properties ; Temperature ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 2014-11, Vol.112 (5), p.1231-1237</ispartof><rights>Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry</rights><rights>2014 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-e1678fd1f1c2b45ef85d815cca05b02378359c3a3bf1226b27732924b0832a223</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-e1678fd1f1c2b45ef85d815cca05b02378359c3a3bf1226b27732924b0832a223</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.03.013$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24862535$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ding, Hong, MDS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</creatorcontrib><title>Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals</title><title>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</title><addtitle>J Prosthet Dent</addtitle><description>Statement of problem Information is lacking of the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the hardness gradients and the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Material and methods Slots in steel split cylinders with 1 open end were filled with the following 6 materials: Luxa Core, Para Core, Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, Gradia Core, and Core-Flo DC. After filling, they were subjected to a light intensity of 1250 mWcm-2 with a light-emitting diode light through their open ends for 20 seconds. The resulting specimens were stored in a light-proof box at 37°C, and the Knoop hardness gradients of each polymerized material were measured after 0.5 hour, 24 hours, and 120 hours. The surface readings were obtained in 1-mm intervals at 1 mm to 10 mm away from the open ends. The collected data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=.05). Results Before the Knoop hardness numbers of the 6 materials became stable, they decreased gradually in depth at each time point ( P <.001). However, the depths at which they became stable differed. The Knoop hardness numbers of Luxa Core and Core-Flo DC reached stability at a depth of 3 mm, Para Core at 4 mm, and Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, and Gradia Core at 5 mm. Additionally, at 120 hours after exposure, the ratios of the Knoop hardness numbers at a depth of 5 mm to those at 1 mm were 63.08% for Luxa Core, 70.48% for Clearfil DC Core, 81.38% for Para Core, 80.49% for Gradia Core, 86.30% for Multi Core Flow, and 96.28% for Core-Flo DC. Conclusions In simulated root canals, the flowable composite resin foundation materials tested had better polymerization under dual polymerizing than under chemical polymerizing, and their chemical-polymerized capabilities could determine the definitive polymerization depth.</description><subject>Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry</subject><subject>Composite Resins - chemistry</subject><subject>Curing Lights, Dental - classification</subject><subject>Darkness</subject><subject>Dental Pulp Cavity</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Hardness</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives - instrumentation</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Methacrylates - chemistry</subject><subject>Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry</subject><subject>Polymerization</subject><subject>Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry</subject><subject>Polyurethanes - chemistry</subject><subject>Resin Cements - chemistry</subject><subject>Self-Curing of Dental Resins - instrumentation</subject><subject>Self-Curing of Dental Resins - methods</subject><subject>Surface Properties</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>0022-3913</issn><issn>1097-6841</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkT1vFDEQhi1ERI7AX4hc0uwyHu9ng0BRIEiRKBIKKstrzyIf3vVh74KOXx-vLqGgoZrmmXc0z8vYpYBSgGje7stDDMnSvJQIoipBliDkM7YT0LdF01XiOdsBIBayF_KcvUxpDwBd3YoX7ByrrsFa1jv27UZHO1NK_HvU1uW8xMPI7ap9cQj-OFF0f8jy0YffevDETZgOIbmFeKTk5sTdzJObVq-XjMUQFm70rH16xc7GPOj147xgXz9e31_dFLdfPn2--nBbmArlUpBo2m60YhQGh6qmsattJ2pjNNQDoGw7WfdGajmMArEZsG0l9lgN0EnUiPKCvTnlZiE_V0qLmlwy5L2eKaxJiQb7vsnS-ow2J9RkdynSqA7RTToelQC1aVV79aRVbVoVSJW15sXLxxvrMJH9u_bkMQPvTwDlT385iiqZLNOQdZHMomxw_7_x7p8I493sjPY_6EhpH9a4aVVCJVSg7rZyt25FBfk3qOUDAHKh6A</recordid><startdate>20141101</startdate><enddate>20141101</enddate><creator>Ding, Hong, MDS</creator><creator>Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS</creator><creator>Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141101</creationdate><title>Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals</title><author>Ding, Hong, MDS ; Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS ; Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-e1678fd1f1c2b45ef85d815cca05b02378359c3a3bf1226b27732924b0832a223</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry</topic><topic>Composite Resins - chemistry</topic><topic>Curing Lights, Dental - classification</topic><topic>Darkness</topic><topic>Dental Pulp Cavity</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Hardness</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives - instrumentation</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Methacrylates - chemistry</topic><topic>Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry</topic><topic>Polymerization</topic><topic>Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry</topic><topic>Polyurethanes - chemistry</topic><topic>Resin Cements - chemistry</topic><topic>Self-Curing of Dental Resins - instrumentation</topic><topic>Self-Curing of Dental Resins - methods</topic><topic>Surface Properties</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ding, Hong, MDS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ding, Hong, MDS</au><au>Meng, Xiangfeng, DDS</au><au>Luo, Xiaoping, DDS</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of prosthetic dentistry</jtitle><addtitle>J Prosthet Dent</addtitle><date>2014-11-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1231</spage><epage>1237</epage><pages>1231-1237</pages><issn>0022-3913</issn><eissn>1097-6841</eissn><abstract>Statement of problem Information is lacking of the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the hardness gradients and the polymerization depth of dual-polymerized flowable composite resin foundation materials in simulated root canals. Material and methods Slots in steel split cylinders with 1 open end were filled with the following 6 materials: Luxa Core, Para Core, Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, Gradia Core, and Core-Flo DC. After filling, they were subjected to a light intensity of 1250 mWcm-2 with a light-emitting diode light through their open ends for 20 seconds. The resulting specimens were stored in a light-proof box at 37°C, and the Knoop hardness gradients of each polymerized material were measured after 0.5 hour, 24 hours, and 120 hours. The surface readings were obtained in 1-mm intervals at 1 mm to 10 mm away from the open ends. The collected data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=.05). Results Before the Knoop hardness numbers of the 6 materials became stable, they decreased gradually in depth at each time point ( P <.001). However, the depths at which they became stable differed. The Knoop hardness numbers of Luxa Core and Core-Flo DC reached stability at a depth of 3 mm, Para Core at 4 mm, and Clearfil DC Core, Multi Core Flow, and Gradia Core at 5 mm. Additionally, at 120 hours after exposure, the ratios of the Knoop hardness numbers at a depth of 5 mm to those at 1 mm were 63.08% for Luxa Core, 70.48% for Clearfil DC Core, 81.38% for Para Core, 80.49% for Gradia Core, 86.30% for Multi Core Flow, and 96.28% for Core-Flo DC. Conclusions In simulated root canals, the flowable composite resin foundation materials tested had better polymerization under dual polymerizing than under chemical polymerizing, and their chemical-polymerized capabilities could determine the definitive polymerization depth.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>24862535</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.03.013</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry Composite Resins - chemistry Curing Lights, Dental - classification Darkness Dental Pulp Cavity Dentistry Hardness Humans Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives - instrumentation Materials Testing Methacrylates - chemistry Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry Polymerization Polymethacrylic Acids - chemistry Polyurethanes - chemistry Resin Cements - chemistry Self-Curing of Dental Resins - instrumentation Self-Curing of Dental Resins - methods Surface Properties Temperature Time Factors |
| title | Hardness gradients of dual-polymerized flowable composite resins in simulated root canals |
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