Oral administration of whole dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppresses cutaneous inflammatory responses induced by croton oil application in mice
Polyunsaturated fatty acids have been attracting considerable interest because of their many biological activities and important roles in human health and nutrition. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; C20: 3n-6) is known to have an anti-inflammatory activity, but its range of effects was not well studie...
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description | Polyunsaturated fatty acids have been attracting considerable interest because of their many biological activities and important roles in human health and nutrition. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; C20: 3n-6) is known to have an anti-inflammatory activity, but its range of effects was not well studied because of its limited natural sources. Taking advantage of genetic tractability and increasing wealth of accessible data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have previously constructed a DGLA-producing yeast strain by introducing two types of desaturase and one elongase genes to convert endogenous oleic acid (C18:1n-9) to DGLA. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of oral intake of heat-killed whole DGLA-producing yeast cells in the absence of lipid purification on cutaneous inflammation. Topical application of croton oil to mouse ears induces ear swelling in parallel with the increased production of chemokines and accumulation of infiltrating cells into the skin sites. These inflammatory reactions were significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by oral intake of the DGLA-producing yeast cells for only 7 days. This suppression was not observed by the intake of the γ-linolenic acid-producing (C18:3n-6, an immediate precursor of DGLA) yeast, indicating DGLA itself suppressed the inflammation. Further analysis demonstrated that DGLA exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via prostaglandin E1 formation because naproxen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, attenuated the suppression. Since 25-fold of purified DGLA compared with that provided as a form of yeast was not effective, oral administration of the whole DGLA-producing yeast is considered to be a simple but efficient method to suppress inflammatory responses. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00253-014-5949-3 |
format | Article |
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Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; C20: 3n-6) is known to have an anti-inflammatory activity, but its range of effects was not well studied because of its limited natural sources. Taking advantage of genetic tractability and increasing wealth of accessible data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have previously constructed a DGLA-producing yeast strain by introducing two types of desaturase and one elongase genes to convert endogenous oleic acid (C18:1n-9) to DGLA. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of oral intake of heat-killed whole DGLA-producing yeast cells in the absence of lipid purification on cutaneous inflammation. Topical application of croton oil to mouse ears induces ear swelling in parallel with the increased production of chemokines and accumulation of infiltrating cells into the skin sites. These inflammatory reactions were significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by oral intake of the DGLA-producing yeast cells for only 7 days. This suppression was not observed by the intake of the γ-linolenic acid-producing (C18:3n-6, an immediate precursor of DGLA) yeast, indicating DGLA itself suppressed the inflammation. Further analysis demonstrated that DGLA exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via prostaglandin E1 formation because naproxen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, attenuated the suppression. Since 25-fold of purified DGLA compared with that provided as a form of yeast was not effective, oral administration of the whole DGLA-producing yeast is considered to be a simple but efficient method to suppress inflammatory responses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0175-7598</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0614</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5949-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25070596</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid - metabolism ; Administration, Oral ; Analysis ; Animals ; anti-inflammatory activity ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism ; Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology ; Biological Therapy - methods ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnology ; Brewer's yeast ; chemokines ; Croton ; Croton Oil - toxicity ; Dermatitis - prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; ears ; genes ; human health ; Inflammation ; Life Sciences ; Metabolic Engineering ; Mice ; Microbial Genetics and Genomics ; Microbiology ; nutrition ; oils ; oleic acid ; Oleic Acid - metabolism ; oral administration ; Physiological aspects ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; prostaglandin synthase ; prostaglandins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism ; topical application ; yeasts</subject><ispartof>Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2014-10, Vol.98 (20), p.8697-8706</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c535t-7d76d70433bdb01f47f028d1aa450884e8b377add1a37e4227f3188853e6ec3a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c535t-7d76d70433bdb01f47f028d1aa450884e8b377add1a37e4227f3188853e6ec3a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00253-014-5949-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00253-014-5949-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25070596$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Naoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masubuchi, Daiki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Itoh, Maki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teradu, Soichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yazawa, Hisashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uemura, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><title>Oral administration of whole dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppresses cutaneous inflammatory responses induced by croton oil application in mice</title><title>Applied microbiology and biotechnology</title><addtitle>Appl Microbiol Biotechnol</addtitle><addtitle>Appl Microbiol Biotechnol</addtitle><description>Polyunsaturated fatty acids have been attracting considerable interest because of their many biological activities and important roles in human health and nutrition. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; C20: 3n-6) is known to have an anti-inflammatory activity, but its range of effects was not well studied because of its limited natural sources. Taking advantage of genetic tractability and increasing wealth of accessible data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have previously constructed a DGLA-producing yeast strain by introducing two types of desaturase and one elongase genes to convert endogenous oleic acid (C18:1n-9) to DGLA. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of oral intake of heat-killed whole DGLA-producing yeast cells in the absence of lipid purification on cutaneous inflammation. Topical application of croton oil to mouse ears induces ear swelling in parallel with the increased production of chemokines and accumulation of infiltrating cells into the skin sites. These inflammatory reactions were significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by oral intake of the DGLA-producing yeast cells for only 7 days. This suppression was not observed by the intake of the γ-linolenic acid-producing (C18:3n-6, an immediate precursor of DGLA) yeast, indicating DGLA itself suppressed the inflammation. Further analysis demonstrated that DGLA exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via prostaglandin E1 formation because naproxen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, attenuated the suppression. Since 25-fold of purified DGLA compared with that provided as a form of yeast was not effective, oral administration of the whole DGLA-producing yeast is considered to be a simple but efficient method to suppress inflammatory responses.</description><subject>8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Administration, Oral</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>anti-inflammatory activity</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism</subject><subject>Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology</subject><subject>Biological Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Brewer's yeast</subject><subject>chemokines</subject><subject>Croton</subject><subject>Croton Oil - toxicity</subject><subject>Dermatitis - prevention & control</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>ears</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>human health</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Metabolic Engineering</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Microbial Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>nutrition</subject><subject>oils</subject><subject>oleic acid</subject><subject>Oleic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>oral administration</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>prostaglandin synthase</subject><subject>prostaglandins</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics</subject><subject>Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism</subject><subject>topical application</subject><subject>yeasts</subject><issn>0175-7598</issn><issn>1432-0614</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks2KFDEUhQtRnHb0AdxowI0uMiaVv-rlMPgzMDBgO-uQTm51Z6hKyqRqtF_Kje_hM5miRqFBRLII3Hzncu_JqarnlJxRQtTbTEgtGCaUY7Hma8weVCvKWY2JpPxhtSJUCazEujmpnuR8SwitGykfVye1IIqItVxV36-T6ZBxvQ8-j8mMPgYUW_R1HztAzu9jH_HPH7jzoRSCt8hY7_CQopusDzu0MdbuTYr9wUJGFhLc-ewNoDwNQ4Kc5-o0mgBxysiHtjN9b8aYDqi8DjHMgA-lGzi0PSCb4jiP4MtUw9B5u4zkA-q9hafVo9Z0GZ7d36fVzft3ny8-4qvrD5cX51fYCiZGrJySThHO2NZtCW25akndOGoMF6RpODRbppRxpcIU8LpWLaNN0wgGEiwz7LR6vfQti36ZII-699lC1y17aCppQ8V6tv8_UKKEpFIV9NWC7kwHungRi-N2xvU5a6TinAhZqLO_UOU4KBbEAK0v9SPBmyNBYUb4Nu7MlLO-3Hw6ZunCFp9zTtDqIfnepIOmRM-h0kuodAmVnkOlWdG8uN9w2vbg_ih-p6gA9QLk8hR2kPRtnFIoH_TPri8XUWuiNrvks77Z1AUoMZWMMsl-AXqs4xQ</recordid><startdate>20141001</startdate><enddate>20141001</enddate><creator>Watanabe, Naoko</creator><creator>Masubuchi, Daiki</creator><creator>Itoh, Maki</creator><creator>Teradu, Soichiro</creator><creator>Yazawa, Hisashi</creator><creator>Uemura, Hiroshi</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141001</creationdate><title>Oral administration of whole dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppresses cutaneous inflammatory responses induced by croton oil application in mice</title><author>Watanabe, Naoko ; 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Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; C20: 3n-6) is known to have an anti-inflammatory activity, but its range of effects was not well studied because of its limited natural sources. Taking advantage of genetic tractability and increasing wealth of accessible data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we have previously constructed a DGLA-producing yeast strain by introducing two types of desaturase and one elongase genes to convert endogenous oleic acid (C18:1n-9) to DGLA. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of oral intake of heat-killed whole DGLA-producing yeast cells in the absence of lipid purification on cutaneous inflammation. Topical application of croton oil to mouse ears induces ear swelling in parallel with the increased production of chemokines and accumulation of infiltrating cells into the skin sites. These inflammatory reactions were significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by oral intake of the DGLA-producing yeast cells for only 7 days. This suppression was not observed by the intake of the γ-linolenic acid-producing (C18:3n-6, an immediate precursor of DGLA) yeast, indicating DGLA itself suppressed the inflammation. Further analysis demonstrated that DGLA exerted an anti-inflammatory effect via prostaglandin E1 formation because naproxen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, attenuated the suppression. Since 25-fold of purified DGLA compared with that provided as a form of yeast was not effective, oral administration of the whole DGLA-producing yeast is considered to be a simple but efficient method to suppress inflammatory responses.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>25070596</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00253-014-5949-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid - metabolism Administration, Oral Analysis Animals anti-inflammatory activity Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology Biological Therapy - methods Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Brewer's yeast chemokines Croton Croton Oil - toxicity Dermatitis - prevention & control Disease Models, Animal ears genes human health Inflammation Life Sciences Metabolic Engineering Mice Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology nutrition oils oleic acid Oleic Acid - metabolism oral administration Physiological aspects polyunsaturated fatty acids prostaglandin synthase prostaglandins Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism topical application yeasts |
title | Oral administration of whole dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppresses cutaneous inflammatory responses induced by croton oil application in mice |
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