Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4
SCOPE: Immunobiotics are known to modulate intestinal immune responses by regulating Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are responsible for the induction of cytokines and chemokines in response to microbial‐associated molecular patterns. However, little is known about the immunomodul...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular nutrition & food research 2014-10, Vol.58 (10), p.2080-2093 |
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| creator | Wachi, Satoshi Kanmani, Paulraj Tomosada, Yohsuke Kobayashi, Hisakazu Yuri, Toshihito Egusa, Shintaro Shimazu, Tomoyuki Suda, Yoshihito Aso, Hisashi Sugawara, Makoto Saito, Tadao Mishima, Takashi Villena, Julio Kitazawa, Haruki |
| description | SCOPE: Immunobiotics are known to modulate intestinal immune responses by regulating Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are responsible for the induction of cytokines and chemokines in response to microbial‐associated molecular patterns. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory activity of compounds or molecules from immunobiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L (Ld) or its extracellular polysaccharide (EPS): acidic EPS (APS) and neutral EPS (NPS), modulated the response of porcine intestinal epitheliocyte (PIE) cells against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) 987P. The roles of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR negative regulators in the immunoregulatory effects were also studied. ETEC‐induced inflammatory cytokines were downregulated when PIE cells were prestimulated with both Ld or EPSs. Ld, APS, and NPS inhibited ETEC mediated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation by upregulating TLR negative regulators. The capability of Ld to suppress inflammatory cytokines was diminished when PIE cells were blocked with anti‐TLR2 antibody, while APS failed to suppress inflammatory cytokines when cells were treated with anti‐TLR4 antibody. Induction of Ca²⁺ fluxes in TLR knockdown cells confirmed that TLR2 plays a principal role in the immunomodulatory action of Ld, while the activity of APS is mediated by TLR4. In addition, NPS activity depends on both TLR4 and TLR2. CONCLUSION: Ld and its EPS have the potential to be used for the development of anti‐inflammatory functional foods to prevent intestinal diseases in both humans and animals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/mnfr.201400218 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1618149227</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1618149227</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-f3815-df77c1257ba7d58d48d54a4819e363b57e3259ba5889a703352bba11882294f23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFks9uEzEQxlcIREvhyhF8QeKS4r9Z77FUbUEKRWoT9WjNemcbE2c3tb2Q3HgE3o8bT4JDQjhy8sz4N59GM19RvGT0lFHK3y27NpxyymROmH5UHLMxEyPJhHh8iLk6Kp7F-IVSwbgUT4sjLqtKCU2Pi58TsKmvwTrvh0ga9HUY0C6cI9PZmZRUTwh0DXEpElynABYz6CGQVe83EaydQ3ANRgIpYTdAQoJdwtCnfu3usXOWXEQ7x-Ds3AGxvXe_vv9wXTNYzLJd62G5hNSHDQkYV30XMVezerCu24YJY3IdeIIrl-boXW83uUa-ZrVp731W826BudviKuvknP8ZWT4vnrTgI77YvyfF7PJiev5hNPl89fH8bDJqhWZq1LRlafOSyhrKRulG6kZJkJpVKMaiViUKrqoalNYVlFQIxesaGNOa80q2XJwUb3e6q9A_DHlcs3RxuyfosB-iyWfQTFacl_9HlR7nu-a9Z_TVHh3qJTZmFdwSwsb8vV0G3uwBiBZ8G6CzLv7jtFbZFlXm5I775jxuDv-Mmq2DzNZB5uAg8-n68oZzoXLbaNfmYsL1oQ3CwoxLUSpzd31ldHVzd1up92aS-dc7voXewH3Io8xus66ilGqaDSl-A6Xy2D0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1586100440</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Wachi, Satoshi ; Kanmani, Paulraj ; Tomosada, Yohsuke ; Kobayashi, Hisakazu ; Yuri, Toshihito ; Egusa, Shintaro ; Shimazu, Tomoyuki ; Suda, Yoshihito ; Aso, Hisashi ; Sugawara, Makoto ; Saito, Tadao ; Mishima, Takashi ; Villena, Julio ; Kitazawa, Haruki</creator><creatorcontrib>Wachi, Satoshi ; Kanmani, Paulraj ; Tomosada, Yohsuke ; Kobayashi, Hisakazu ; Yuri, Toshihito ; Egusa, Shintaro ; Shimazu, Tomoyuki ; Suda, Yoshihito ; Aso, Hisashi ; Sugawara, Makoto ; Saito, Tadao ; Mishima, Takashi ; Villena, Julio ; Kitazawa, Haruki</creatorcontrib><description>SCOPE: Immunobiotics are known to modulate intestinal immune responses by regulating Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are responsible for the induction of cytokines and chemokines in response to microbial‐associated molecular patterns. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory activity of compounds or molecules from immunobiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L (Ld) or its extracellular polysaccharide (EPS): acidic EPS (APS) and neutral EPS (NPS), modulated the response of porcine intestinal epitheliocyte (PIE) cells against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) 987P. The roles of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR negative regulators in the immunoregulatory effects were also studied. ETEC‐induced inflammatory cytokines were downregulated when PIE cells were prestimulated with both Ld or EPSs. Ld, APS, and NPS inhibited ETEC mediated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation by upregulating TLR negative regulators. The capability of Ld to suppress inflammatory cytokines was diminished when PIE cells were blocked with anti‐TLR2 antibody, while APS failed to suppress inflammatory cytokines when cells were treated with anti‐TLR4 antibody. Induction of Ca²⁺ fluxes in TLR knockdown cells confirmed that TLR2 plays a principal role in the immunomodulatory action of Ld, while the activity of APS is mediated by TLR4. In addition, NPS activity depends on both TLR4 and TLR2. CONCLUSION: Ld and its EPS have the potential to be used for the development of anti‐inflammatory functional foods to prevent intestinal diseases in both humans and animals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1613-4125</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1613-4133</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400218</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24995380</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Weinheim: Wiley-VCH</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anti-inflammatory activity ; Biological and medical sciences ; calcium ; Calcium Signaling - drug effects ; Cell Line ; chemokines ; Cytokines - agonists ; Cytokines - metabolism ; Cytokines - secretion ; digestive system diseases ; Enterocytes - immunology ; Enterocytes - metabolism ; Enterocytes - microbiology ; Enterocytes - secretion ; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - immunology ; Escherichia coli ; Extracellular polysaccharides ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; functional foods ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; humans ; immune response ; Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects ; immunomodulation ; inflammation ; L. delbrueckii ; Lactobacillus delbrueckii ; Lactobacillus delbrueckii - immunology ; Lactobacillus delbrueckii - metabolism ; Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii ; MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; PIE cells ; polysaccharides ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - pharmacology ; Probiotics - metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; signal transduction ; Surface Properties ; Sus scrofa ; swine ; TLR negative regulators ; TLR2 ; TLR4 ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - agonists ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - antagonists & inhibitors ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 - metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - agonists ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - antagonists & inhibitors ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism ; transcription factor NF-kappa B ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><ispartof>Molecular nutrition & food research, 2014-10, Vol.58 (10), p.2080-2093</ispartof><rights>2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fmnfr.201400218$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fmnfr.201400218$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27926,27927,45576,45577</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28851409$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24995380$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wachi, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanmani, Paulraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomosada, Yohsuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hisakazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuri, Toshihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egusa, Shintaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimazu, Tomoyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suda, Yoshihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aso, Hisashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugawara, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saito, Tadao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishima, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villena, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitazawa, Haruki</creatorcontrib><title>Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4</title><title>Molecular nutrition & food research</title><addtitle>Mol. Nutr. Food Res</addtitle><description>SCOPE: Immunobiotics are known to modulate intestinal immune responses by regulating Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are responsible for the induction of cytokines and chemokines in response to microbial‐associated molecular patterns. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory activity of compounds or molecules from immunobiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L (Ld) or its extracellular polysaccharide (EPS): acidic EPS (APS) and neutral EPS (NPS), modulated the response of porcine intestinal epitheliocyte (PIE) cells against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) 987P. The roles of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR negative regulators in the immunoregulatory effects were also studied. ETEC‐induced inflammatory cytokines were downregulated when PIE cells were prestimulated with both Ld or EPSs. Ld, APS, and NPS inhibited ETEC mediated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation by upregulating TLR negative regulators. The capability of Ld to suppress inflammatory cytokines was diminished when PIE cells were blocked with anti‐TLR2 antibody, while APS failed to suppress inflammatory cytokines when cells were treated with anti‐TLR4 antibody. Induction of Ca²⁺ fluxes in TLR knockdown cells confirmed that TLR2 plays a principal role in the immunomodulatory action of Ld, while the activity of APS is mediated by TLR4. In addition, NPS activity depends on both TLR4 and TLR2. CONCLUSION: Ld and its EPS have the potential to be used for the development of anti‐inflammatory functional foods to prevent intestinal diseases in both humans and animals.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-inflammatory activity</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>calcium</subject><subject>Calcium Signaling - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>chemokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - agonists</subject><subject>Cytokines - metabolism</subject><subject>Cytokines - secretion</subject><subject>digestive system diseases</subject><subject>Enterocytes - immunology</subject><subject>Enterocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Enterocytes - microbiology</subject><subject>Enterocytes - secretion</subject><subject>enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - immunology</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Extracellular polysaccharides</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>functional foods</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>humans</subject><subject>immune response</subject><subject>Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects</subject><subject>immunomodulation</subject><subject>inflammation</subject><subject>L. delbrueckii</subject><subject>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</subject><subject>Lactobacillus delbrueckii - immunology</subject><subject>Lactobacillus delbrueckii - metabolism</subject><subject>Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii</subject><subject>MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects</subject><subject>mitogen-activated protein kinase</subject><subject>PIE cells</subject><subject>polysaccharides</subject><subject>Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism</subject><subject>Polysaccharides, Bacterial - pharmacology</subject><subject>Probiotics - metabolism</subject><subject>RNA Interference</subject><subject>RNA, Small Interfering</subject><subject>signal transduction</subject><subject>Surface Properties</subject><subject>Sus scrofa</subject><subject>swine</subject><subject>TLR negative regulators</subject><subject>TLR2</subject><subject>TLR4</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - agonists</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - agonists</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - antagonists & inhibitors</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics</subject><subject>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism</subject><subject>transcription factor NF-kappa B</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>1613-4125</issn><issn>1613-4133</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks9uEzEQxlcIREvhyhF8QeKS4r9Z77FUbUEKRWoT9WjNemcbE2c3tb2Q3HgE3o8bT4JDQjhy8sz4N59GM19RvGT0lFHK3y27NpxyymROmH5UHLMxEyPJhHh8iLk6Kp7F-IVSwbgUT4sjLqtKCU2Pi58TsKmvwTrvh0ga9HUY0C6cI9PZmZRUTwh0DXEpElynABYz6CGQVe83EaydQ3ANRgIpYTdAQoJdwtCnfu3usXOWXEQ7x-Ds3AGxvXe_vv9wXTNYzLJd62G5hNSHDQkYV30XMVezerCu24YJY3IdeIIrl-boXW83uUa-ZrVp731W826BudviKuvknP8ZWT4vnrTgI77YvyfF7PJiev5hNPl89fH8bDJqhWZq1LRlafOSyhrKRulG6kZJkJpVKMaiViUKrqoalNYVlFQIxesaGNOa80q2XJwUb3e6q9A_DHlcs3RxuyfosB-iyWfQTFacl_9HlR7nu-a9Z_TVHh3qJTZmFdwSwsb8vV0G3uwBiBZ8G6CzLv7jtFbZFlXm5I775jxuDv-Mmq2DzNZB5uAg8-n68oZzoXLbaNfmYsL1oQ3CwoxLUSpzd31ldHVzd1up92aS-dc7voXewH3Io8xus66ilGqaDSl-A6Xy2D0</recordid><startdate>201410</startdate><enddate>201410</enddate><creator>Wachi, Satoshi</creator><creator>Kanmani, Paulraj</creator><creator>Tomosada, Yohsuke</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Hisakazu</creator><creator>Yuri, Toshihito</creator><creator>Egusa, Shintaro</creator><creator>Shimazu, Tomoyuki</creator><creator>Suda, Yoshihito</creator><creator>Aso, Hisashi</creator><creator>Sugawara, Makoto</creator><creator>Saito, Tadao</creator><creator>Mishima, Takashi</creator><creator>Villena, Julio</creator><creator>Kitazawa, Haruki</creator><general>Wiley-VCH</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201410</creationdate><title>Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4</title><author>Wachi, Satoshi ; Kanmani, Paulraj ; Tomosada, Yohsuke ; Kobayashi, Hisakazu ; Yuri, Toshihito ; Egusa, Shintaro ; Shimazu, Tomoyuki ; Suda, Yoshihito ; Aso, Hisashi ; Sugawara, Makoto ; Saito, Tadao ; Mishima, Takashi ; Villena, Julio ; Kitazawa, Haruki</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-f3815-df77c1257ba7d58d48d54a4819e363b57e3259ba5889a703352bba11882294f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-inflammatory activity</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>calcium</topic><topic>Calcium Signaling - drug effects</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>chemokines</topic><topic>Cytokines - agonists</topic><topic>Cytokines - metabolism</topic><topic>Cytokines - secretion</topic><topic>digestive system diseases</topic><topic>Enterocytes - immunology</topic><topic>Enterocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Enterocytes - microbiology</topic><topic>Enterocytes - secretion</topic><topic>enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - immunology</topic><topic>Escherichia coli</topic><topic>Extracellular polysaccharides</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>functional foods</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>humans</topic><topic>immune response</topic><topic>Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects</topic><topic>immunomodulation</topic><topic>inflammation</topic><topic>L. delbrueckii</topic><topic>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</topic><topic>Lactobacillus delbrueckii - immunology</topic><topic>Lactobacillus delbrueckii - metabolism</topic><topic>Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii</topic><topic>MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects</topic><topic>mitogen-activated protein kinase</topic><topic>PIE cells</topic><topic>polysaccharides</topic><topic>Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism</topic><topic>Polysaccharides, Bacterial - pharmacology</topic><topic>Probiotics - metabolism</topic><topic>RNA Interference</topic><topic>RNA, Small Interfering</topic><topic>signal transduction</topic><topic>Surface Properties</topic><topic>Sus scrofa</topic><topic>swine</topic><topic>TLR negative regulators</topic><topic>TLR2</topic><topic>TLR4</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - agonists</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - agonists</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - antagonists & inhibitors</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics</topic><topic>Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism</topic><topic>transcription factor NF-kappa B</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wachi, Satoshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanmani, Paulraj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tomosada, Yohsuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Hisakazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuri, Toshihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egusa, Shintaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shimazu, Tomoyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suda, Yoshihito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aso, Hisashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugawara, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saito, Tadao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mishima, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villena, Julio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitazawa, Haruki</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Molecular nutrition & food research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wachi, Satoshi</au><au>Kanmani, Paulraj</au><au>Tomosada, Yohsuke</au><au>Kobayashi, Hisakazu</au><au>Yuri, Toshihito</au><au>Egusa, Shintaro</au><au>Shimazu, Tomoyuki</au><au>Suda, Yoshihito</au><au>Aso, Hisashi</au><au>Sugawara, Makoto</au><au>Saito, Tadao</au><au>Mishima, Takashi</au><au>Villena, Julio</au><au>Kitazawa, Haruki</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4</atitle><jtitle>Molecular nutrition & food research</jtitle><addtitle>Mol. Nutr. Food Res</addtitle><date>2014-10</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2080</spage><epage>2093</epage><pages>2080-2093</pages><issn>1613-4125</issn><eissn>1613-4133</eissn><abstract>SCOPE: Immunobiotics are known to modulate intestinal immune responses by regulating Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, which are responsible for the induction of cytokines and chemokines in response to microbial‐associated molecular patterns. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory activity of compounds or molecules from immunobiotics. METHODS AND RESULTS: We evaluated whether Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L (Ld) or its extracellular polysaccharide (EPS): acidic EPS (APS) and neutral EPS (NPS), modulated the response of porcine intestinal epitheliocyte (PIE) cells against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) 987P. The roles of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR negative regulators in the immunoregulatory effects were also studied. ETEC‐induced inflammatory cytokines were downregulated when PIE cells were prestimulated with both Ld or EPSs. Ld, APS, and NPS inhibited ETEC mediated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation by upregulating TLR negative regulators. The capability of Ld to suppress inflammatory cytokines was diminished when PIE cells were blocked with anti‐TLR2 antibody, while APS failed to suppress inflammatory cytokines when cells were treated with anti‐TLR4 antibody. Induction of Ca²⁺ fluxes in TLR knockdown cells confirmed that TLR2 plays a principal role in the immunomodulatory action of Ld, while the activity of APS is mediated by TLR4. In addition, NPS activity depends on both TLR4 and TLR2. CONCLUSION: Ld and its EPS have the potential to be used for the development of anti‐inflammatory functional foods to prevent intestinal diseases in both humans and animals.</abstract><cop>Weinheim</cop><pub>Wiley-VCH</pub><pmid>24995380</pmid><doi>10.1002/mnfr.201400218</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Molecular nutrition & food research, 2014-10, Vol.58 (10), p.2080-2093 |
| issn | 1613-4125 1613-4133 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1618149227 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library |
| subjects | Animals Anti-inflammatory activity Biological and medical sciences calcium Calcium Signaling - drug effects Cell Line chemokines Cytokines - agonists Cytokines - metabolism Cytokines - secretion digestive system diseases Enterocytes - immunology Enterocytes - metabolism Enterocytes - microbiology Enterocytes - secretion enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli - immunology Escherichia coli Extracellular polysaccharides Feeding. Feeding behavior functional foods Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology humans immune response Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects immunomodulation inflammation L. delbrueckii Lactobacillus delbrueckii Lactobacillus delbrueckii - immunology Lactobacillus delbrueckii - metabolism Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects mitogen-activated protein kinase PIE cells polysaccharides Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism Polysaccharides, Bacterial - pharmacology Probiotics - metabolism RNA Interference RNA, Small Interfering signal transduction Surface Properties Sus scrofa swine TLR negative regulators TLR2 TLR4 Toll-Like Receptor 2 - agonists Toll-Like Receptor 2 - antagonists & inhibitors Toll-Like Receptor 2 - genetics Toll-Like Receptor 2 - metabolism Toll-Like Receptor 4 - agonists Toll-Like Receptor 4 - antagonists & inhibitors Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism transcription factor NF-kappa B Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
| title | Lactobacillus delbrueckii TUA4408L and its extracellular polysaccharides attenuate enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli‐induced inflammatory response in porcine intestinal epitheliocytes via Toll‐like receptor‐2 and 4 |
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