Laboratory stabilization/solidification of tank sludges: GAAT, OHF, and combined tank sets
Highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges that have been collected at Oak Ridge over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the sludges in the different tank sets was tested prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper, which follows a previous a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental management 2004-03, Vol.70 (3), p.203-214 |
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| creator | Spence, R.D. Mattus, C.H. |
| description | Highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges that have been collected at Oak Ridge over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the sludges in the different tank sets was tested prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper, which follows a previous article on the Melton Valley Storage Tank/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set, documents the testing of the Gunite and Associated Tank and Old Hydrofracture Facility tank sets, as well as the combined sludges of all the Oak Ridge National Laboratory tank sets; the third paper on this subject will discuss efforts to maximize the sludge loading. The grout formulations were tested in the laboratory with surrogates. A wet-sludge loading of 60
wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 30–40
vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act metals included in the surrogate testing were silver, cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, zinc, and mercury. The grout formulations stabilized these metals within the Universal Treatment Standards limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 10.0–12.0 was measured for both
85Sr and
137Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.12.004 |
| format | Article |
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wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 30–40
vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act metals included in the surrogate testing were silver, cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, zinc, and mercury. The grout formulations stabilized these metals within the Universal Treatment Standards limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 10.0–12.0 was measured for both
85Sr and
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wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 30–40
vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act metals included in the surrogate testing were silver, cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, zinc, and mercury. The grout formulations stabilized these metals within the Universal Treatment Standards limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 10.0–12.0 was measured for both
85Sr and
137Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0.</description><subject>137Cs</subject><subject>85Sr</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Cement</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Facility Design and Construction</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Nuclear Physics</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Radioactive Waste</subject><subject>Selenium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Sludge</subject><subject>Solidification</subject><subject>Stabilization</subject><subject>Thallium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</subject><subject>Wastes</subject><issn>0301-4797</issn><issn>1095-8630</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0FFr1TAUwPEgirve-RGUIsyntUuatGl8kctwm3BhL9uLL-E0OZXUNplJO9g-vb3eguKLTyHwO4fkT8g7RgtGWX3RFz36xxF8UVLKC1YWlIoXZMOoqvKm5vQl2VBOWS6kkifkTUo9XWDJ5GtywirK61qJDfm2hzZEmEJ8ytIErRvcM0wu-IsUBmdd58zvaxa6bAL_I0vDbL9j-pRd73Z359ntzdV5Bt5mJoyt82hXhVM6Ja86GBK-Xc8tub_6cnd5k-9vr79e7va5EUJNOVJGW2ZQykaZzijkpRB1U1KwHCpjauhKw4DJprWKV9xaCZS1DXAUYIXkW_LxuPchhp8zpkmPLhkcBvAY5qRZzWQlaL3AD__APszRL2_TTFU1a7hSC6qOyMSQUsROP0Q3QnzSjOpDed3rtbw-lNes1Ev5Ze79unxuR7R_ptbUCzhbASQDQxfBG5f-cqKRh_9tyeejw6XZo8Ook3HoDVoX0UzaBvefp_wCKEOjmA</recordid><startdate>20040301</startdate><enddate>20040301</enddate><creator>Spence, R.D.</creator><creator>Mattus, C.H.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Academic Press Ltd</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040301</creationdate><title>Laboratory stabilization/solidification of tank sludges: GAAT, OHF, and combined tank sets</title><author>Spence, R.D. ; Mattus, C.H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-e010b1ce7789cfc9e32446820ad3a5cc6af2c1a178bd9353dd7a01b8a3e4ad473</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>137Cs</topic><topic>85Sr</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Cement</topic><topic>Chromium</topic><topic>Conservation of Natural Resources</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Facility Design and Construction</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Nuclear Physics</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Radioactive Waste</topic><topic>Selenium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Slag</topic><topic>Sludge</topic><topic>Solidification</topic><topic>Stabilization</topic><topic>Thallium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods</topic><topic>Wastes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Spence, R.D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mattus, C.H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Spence, R.D.</au><au>Mattus, C.H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Laboratory stabilization/solidification of tank sludges: GAAT, OHF, and combined tank sets</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental management</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Manage</addtitle><date>2004-03-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>203</spage><epage>214</epage><pages>203-214</pages><issn>0301-4797</issn><eissn>1095-8630</eissn><coden>JEVMAW</coden><abstract>Highly radioactive, mixed-waste sludges that have been collected at Oak Ridge over several decades are being combined for treatment and disposal. Stabilization of the sludges in the different tank sets was tested prior to the proposed combination and treatment. This paper, which follows a previous article on the Melton Valley Storage Tank/Bethel Valley Evaporator Storage Tank set, documents the testing of the Gunite and Associated Tank and Old Hydrofracture Facility tank sets, as well as the combined sludges of all the Oak Ridge National Laboratory tank sets; the third paper on this subject will discuss efforts to maximize the sludge loading. The grout formulations were tested in the laboratory with surrogates. A wet-sludge loading of 60
wt% resulted in strong wasteforms with no free water and gave a volume increase of about 30–40
vol%. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act metals included in the surrogate testing were silver, cadmium, chromium, lead, selenium, thallium, zinc, and mercury. The grout formulations stabilized these metals within the Universal Treatment Standards limits. In addition, a grout leachability index of about 10.0–12.0 was measured for both
85Sr and
137Cs, meeting the recommended requirement of >6.0.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>15036694</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jenvman.2003.12.004</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 137Cs 85Sr Applied sciences Cadmium Cement Chromium Conservation of Natural Resources Exact sciences and technology Facility Design and Construction Laboratories Lead Mercury Metals, Heavy - isolation & purification Nuclear Physics Pollution Radioactive Waste Selenium - isolation & purification Slag Sludge Solidification Stabilization Thallium - isolation & purification Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods Wastes |
| title | Laboratory stabilization/solidification of tank sludges: GAAT, OHF, and combined tank sets |
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