Alternative outcomes of natural and experimental high pollen loads
Seed production is usually assumed to be a positive monotonic function of pollen deposition and/or pollinator visitation. If this assumption were correct, there would be only two outcomes of excess pollen levels: an increase in fruit or seed set, or no increase. However, a substantial minority of th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecology (Durham) 1992-04, Vol.73 (2), p.639-647 |
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| creator | Young, Helen J. Young, Truman P. |
| description | Seed production is usually assumed to be a positive monotonic function of pollen deposition and/or pollinator visitation. If this assumption were correct, there would be only two outcomes of excess pollen levels: an increase in fruit or seed set, or no increase. However, a substantial minority of the studies reviewed here has found that seed production declines with increased pollen loads, both under experimental and natural conditions. To explain this decrease, we propose the following mechanisms: pollen tube crowding, pollen removal or stigma damage by pollen thieves or pollinators, stigma damage during hand-pollination, application of low-diversity or local pollen, effects of bagging flowers, missed stigma receptivity, and the application of inviable pollen. These mechanisms can be distinguished through more complete and more careful experimental designs and incremental pollen supplementation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2307/1940770 |
| format | Article |
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If this assumption were correct, there would be only two outcomes of excess pollen levels: an increase in fruit or seed set, or no increase. However, a substantial minority of the studies reviewed here has found that seed production declines with increased pollen loads, both under experimental and natural conditions. To explain this decrease, we propose the following mechanisms: pollen tube crowding, pollen removal or stigma damage by pollen thieves or pollinators, stigma damage during hand-pollination, application of low-diversity or local pollen, effects of bagging flowers, missed stigma receptivity, and the application of inviable pollen. These mechanisms can be distinguished through more complete and more careful experimental designs and incremental pollen supplementation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-9658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-9170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/1940770</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ECGYAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: The Ecological Society of America</publisher><subject>Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Demecology ; Flower stigma ; Flowers & plants ; FRUCTIFICACION ; FRUCTIFICATION ; FRUITING ; Fruits ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; GRAINE ; LITERATURE REVIEWS ; PERFORMANCE DE REPRODUCTION ; Plants ; Plants and fungi ; POLEN ; POLINIZACION ; POLLEN ; POLLINATION ; Pollinators ; POLLINISATION ; Population ecology ; Reproduction ; REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE ; Reproductive success ; REPRODUCTIVIDAD ; Seed production ; Seed set ; SEEDS ; SEMILLA ; SET</subject><ispartof>Ecology (Durham), 1992-04, Vol.73 (2), p.639-647</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1992 The Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1992 by the Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1992 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Ecological Society of America Apr 1992</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5249-a84a2264db7f0bf2d3763723732a23047a28abf666b8c9bef9e8b006ab848ea03</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1940770$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1940770$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27868,27923,27924,58016,58249</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=5252875$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Young, Helen J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Truman P.</creatorcontrib><title>Alternative outcomes of natural and experimental high pollen loads</title><title>Ecology (Durham)</title><description>Seed production is usually assumed to be a positive monotonic function of pollen deposition and/or pollinator visitation. If this assumption were correct, there would be only two outcomes of excess pollen levels: an increase in fruit or seed set, or no increase. However, a substantial minority of the studies reviewed here has found that seed production declines with increased pollen loads, both under experimental and natural conditions. To explain this decrease, we propose the following mechanisms: pollen tube crowding, pollen removal or stigma damage by pollen thieves or pollinators, stigma damage during hand-pollination, application of low-diversity or local pollen, effects of bagging flowers, missed stigma receptivity, and the application of inviable pollen. These mechanisms can be distinguished through more complete and more careful experimental designs and incremental pollen supplementation.</description><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Demecology</subject><subject>Flower stigma</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>FRUCTIFICACION</subject><subject>FRUCTIFICATION</subject><subject>FRUITING</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>GRAINE</subject><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject><subject>PERFORMANCE DE REPRODUCTION</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>Plants and fungi</subject><subject>POLEN</subject><subject>POLINIZACION</subject><subject>POLLEN</subject><subject>POLLINATION</subject><subject>Pollinators</subject><subject>POLLINISATION</subject><subject>Population ecology</subject><subject>Reproduction</subject><subject>REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE</subject><subject>Reproductive success</subject><subject>REPRODUCTIVIDAD</subject><subject>Seed production</subject><subject>Seed set</subject><subject>SEEDS</subject><subject>SEMILLA</subject><subject>SET</subject><issn>0012-9658</issn><issn>1939-9170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1992</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1rFDEYh4NUcFvFu6fBlvY0-uZj8nHcLlsVCh50D57CO7NJO0t2sk1mrP3vzbKLglBzCbw8PPm9vxDylsIHxkF9pEaAUvCCzKjhpjZUwQmZAVBWG9noV-Q05w2UQ4Weket5GF0acOx_uipOYxe3LlfRV2U0JQwVDuvK_dq51G_dMJbBfX93X-1iCG6oQsR1fk1eegzZvTneZ2R1s_y--Fzffv30ZTG_rbuGCVOjFsiYFOtWeWg9W3MluWJccYYluFDINLZeStnqzrTOG6dbAImtFtoh8DNyefDuUnyYXB7tts-dCwEHF6dsqaQNCNYU8P0_4CZOZceQLaPaaDAgCnT-HESZkaIkhb3q6kB1KeacnLe7UgSmJ0vB7uu2x7oLeXH0Ye4w-IRD1-c_eMMaptVeyA7YYx_c03M2u1z8oMaw0o3k5q97k8eY_hPh3QHzGC3epfL86lv5f2lA8d9KaZ3d</recordid><startdate>199204</startdate><enddate>199204</enddate><creator>Young, Helen J.</creator><creator>Young, Truman P.</creator><general>The Ecological Society of America</general><general>Ecological Society of America</general><general>Brooklyn Botanic Garden, etc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>FIXVA</scope><scope>FKUCP</scope><scope>IOIBA</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199204</creationdate><title>Alternative outcomes of natural and experimental high pollen loads</title><author>Young, Helen J. ; Young, Truman P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5249-a84a2264db7f0bf2d3763723732a23047a28abf666b8c9bef9e8b006ab848ea03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1992</creationdate><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Demecology</topic><topic>Flower stigma</topic><topic>Flowers & plants</topic><topic>FRUCTIFICACION</topic><topic>FRUCTIFICATION</topic><topic>FRUITING</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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If this assumption were correct, there would be only two outcomes of excess pollen levels: an increase in fruit or seed set, or no increase. However, a substantial minority of the studies reviewed here has found that seed production declines with increased pollen loads, both under experimental and natural conditions. To explain this decrease, we propose the following mechanisms: pollen tube crowding, pollen removal or stigma damage by pollen thieves or pollinators, stigma damage during hand-pollination, application of low-diversity or local pollen, effects of bagging flowers, missed stigma receptivity, and the application of inviable pollen. These mechanisms can be distinguished through more complete and more careful experimental designs and incremental pollen supplementation.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>The Ecological Society of America</pub><doi>10.2307/1940770</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Ecology (Durham), 1992-04, Vol.73 (2), p.639-647 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Periodicals Index Online; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing |
| subjects | Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences Demecology Flower stigma Flowers & plants FRUCTIFICACION FRUCTIFICATION FRUITING Fruits Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GRAINE LITERATURE REVIEWS PERFORMANCE DE REPRODUCTION Plants Plants and fungi POLEN POLINIZACION POLLEN POLLINATION Pollinators POLLINISATION Population ecology Reproduction REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE Reproductive success REPRODUCTIVIDAD Seed production Seed set SEEDS SEMILLA SET |
| title | Alternative outcomes of natural and experimental high pollen loads |
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