Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures
Four bioreactor designs were performed to evaluate the level of incorporation of 14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of different anaerobically treated contaminated soils. The contaminated soils were amended with molasses slivers (80:20 % per weight)...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Chemosphere (Oxford) 1999-04, Vol.38 (9), p.2081-2095 |
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| creator | Drzyzga, Oliver Bruns-Nagel, Dirk Gorontzy, Thomas Blotevogel, Karl-Heinz von Löw, Eberhard |
| description | Four bioreactor designs were performed to evaluate the level of incorporation of
14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of different anaerobically treated contaminated soils. The contaminated soils were amended with molasses slivers (80:20 % per weight) as auxiliary substrate to enhance microbial activity. After 5 weeks (bioreactors 1 and 2), 8 weeks (bioreactor 3) and 12 weeks (bioreactor 4) of anaerobic incubation, we determined 41%, 58%, 72%, and 54%, respectively, of the initially applied radioactivity immobilized in various soil fractions. After alkaline hydrolyses of the solvent-extracted soils, low quantities of radiolabel were found in the humic and fulvic acid fractions, whereas the bulk of
14C activity was found to be strongly bound to the humin fraction (solid soil residues). The amounts of solvent extractable radioactivity were 53%, 40%, 16%, and 29% for bioreactors 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The level of TNT transformation at the end of the experiments was within 90–94%. Regarding the results presented in this study, we can assume that there is the possibility of high incorporation levels of TNT metabolites into the soil organic matrix mediated by microbial cometabolism under strictly anoxic conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00426-3 |
| format | Article |
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14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of different anaerobically treated contaminated soils. The contaminated soils were amended with molasses slivers (80:20 % per weight) as auxiliary substrate to enhance microbial activity. After 5 weeks (bioreactors 1 and 2), 8 weeks (bioreactor 3) and 12 weeks (bioreactor 4) of anaerobic incubation, we determined 41%, 58%, 72%, and 54%, respectively, of the initially applied radioactivity immobilized in various soil fractions. After alkaline hydrolyses of the solvent-extracted soils, low quantities of radiolabel were found in the humic and fulvic acid fractions, whereas the bulk of
14C activity was found to be strongly bound to the humin fraction (solid soil residues). The amounts of solvent extractable radioactivity were 53%, 40%, 16%, and 29% for bioreactors 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The level of TNT transformation at the end of the experiments was within 90–94%. Regarding the results presented in this study, we can assume that there is the possibility of high incorporation levels of TNT metabolites into the soil organic matrix mediated by microbial cometabolism under strictly anoxic conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0045-6535</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1298</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00426-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10101860</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CMSHAF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>2,4,6-trinitrotoluene ; Applied sciences ; Bacteria, Anaerobic - metabolism ; Biodegradation of pollutants ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bioreactors ; bioremediation ; Biotechnology ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Decontamination. Miscellaneous ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environment and pollution ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; immobilization ; incorporation ; Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Refuse Disposal - methods ; Soil and sediments pollution ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil Pollutants - metabolism ; Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics ; TNT ; Trinitrotoluene - metabolism ; Trinitrotoluene - pharmacokinetics</subject><ispartof>Chemosphere (Oxford), 1999-04, Vol.38 (9), p.2081-2095</ispartof><rights>1999</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-d20136ff2255c8d8ebfbaac79a512b931a8e80d53d1f2321c1af7bd7c32446143</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c452t-d20136ff2255c8d8ebfbaac79a512b931a8e80d53d1f2321c1af7bd7c32446143</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00426-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1710311$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10101860$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Drzyzga, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruns-Nagel, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gorontzy, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blotevogel, Karl-Heinz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Löw, Eberhard</creatorcontrib><title>Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures</title><title>Chemosphere (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Chemosphere</addtitle><description>Four bioreactor designs were performed to evaluate the level of incorporation of
14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of different anaerobically treated contaminated soils. The contaminated soils were amended with molasses slivers (80:20 % per weight) as auxiliary substrate to enhance microbial activity. After 5 weeks (bioreactors 1 and 2), 8 weeks (bioreactor 3) and 12 weeks (bioreactor 4) of anaerobic incubation, we determined 41%, 58%, 72%, and 54%, respectively, of the initially applied radioactivity immobilized in various soil fractions. After alkaline hydrolyses of the solvent-extracted soils, low quantities of radiolabel were found in the humic and fulvic acid fractions, whereas the bulk of
14C activity was found to be strongly bound to the humin fraction (solid soil residues). The amounts of solvent extractable radioactivity were 53%, 40%, 16%, and 29% for bioreactors 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The level of TNT transformation at the end of the experiments was within 90–94%. Regarding the results presented in this study, we can assume that there is the possibility of high incorporation levels of TNT metabolites into the soil organic matrix mediated by microbial cometabolism under strictly anoxic conditions.</description><subject>2,4,6-trinitrotoluene</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Bacteria, Anaerobic - metabolism</subject><subject>Biodegradation of pollutants</subject><subject>Biodegradation, Environmental</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bioreactors</subject><subject>bioremediation</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Carbon Radioisotopes</subject><subject>Decontamination. 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Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environment and pollution</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>immobilization</topic><topic>incorporation</topic><topic>Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Refuse Disposal - methods</topic><topic>Soil and sediments pollution</topic><topic>Soil Microbiology</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - metabolism</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>TNT</topic><topic>Trinitrotoluene - metabolism</topic><topic>Trinitrotoluene - pharmacokinetics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Drzyzga, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruns-Nagel, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gorontzy, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blotevogel, Karl-Heinz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Löw, Eberhard</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Chemosphere (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Drzyzga, Oliver</au><au>Bruns-Nagel, Dirk</au><au>Gorontzy, Thomas</au><au>Blotevogel, Karl-Heinz</au><au>von Löw, Eberhard</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures</atitle><jtitle>Chemosphere (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Chemosphere</addtitle><date>1999-04-01</date><risdate>1999</risdate><volume>38</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2081</spage><epage>2095</epage><pages>2081-2095</pages><issn>0045-6535</issn><eissn>1879-1298</eissn><coden>CMSHAF</coden><abstract>Four bioreactor designs were performed to evaluate the level of incorporation of
14C-labeled 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of different anaerobically treated contaminated soils. The contaminated soils were amended with molasses slivers (80:20 % per weight) as auxiliary substrate to enhance microbial activity. After 5 weeks (bioreactors 1 and 2), 8 weeks (bioreactor 3) and 12 weeks (bioreactor 4) of anaerobic incubation, we determined 41%, 58%, 72%, and 54%, respectively, of the initially applied radioactivity immobilized in various soil fractions. After alkaline hydrolyses of the solvent-extracted soils, low quantities of radiolabel were found in the humic and fulvic acid fractions, whereas the bulk of
14C activity was found to be strongly bound to the humin fraction (solid soil residues). The amounts of solvent extractable radioactivity were 53%, 40%, 16%, and 29% for bioreactors 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The level of TNT transformation at the end of the experiments was within 90–94%. Regarding the results presented in this study, we can assume that there is the possibility of high incorporation levels of TNT metabolites into the soil organic matrix mediated by microbial cometabolism under strictly anoxic conditions.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>10101860</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00426-3</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0045-6535 |
| ispartof | Chemosphere (Oxford), 1999-04, Vol.38 (9), p.2081-2095 |
| issn | 0045-6535 1879-1298 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Applied sciences Bacteria, Anaerobic - metabolism Biodegradation of pollutants Biodegradation, Environmental Biological and medical sciences Bioreactors bioremediation Biotechnology Carbon Radioisotopes Decontamination. Miscellaneous Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environment and pollution Exact sciences and technology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology immobilization incorporation Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects Pollution Pollution, environment geology Refuse Disposal - methods Soil and sediments pollution Soil Microbiology Soil Pollutants - metabolism Soil Pollutants - pharmacokinetics TNT Trinitrotoluene - metabolism Trinitrotoluene - pharmacokinetics |
| title | Anaerobic incorporation of the radiolabeled explosive TNT and metabolites into the organic soil matrix of contaminated soil after different treatment procedures |
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