Growth of Prosopis glandulosa in response to changes in aboveground and belowground interference
Recent increases in woody plant density have occurred in grasslands worldwide, but both the cause and mechanisms involved in these changes have been elusive. Changes in grass biomass mediated by high levels of constant herbivory seem to be the pivotal reason. In this field study in central Texas, US...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecology (Durham) 1997-06, Vol.78 (4), p.1222-1229 |
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| creator | Van Auken, O. W. Bush, J. K. |
| description | Recent increases in woody plant density have occurred in grasslands worldwide, but both the cause and mechanisms involved in these changes have been elusive. Changes in grass biomass mediated by high levels of constant herbivory seem to be the pivotal reason. In this field study in central Texas, USA, effects of aboveground and belowground interference on the growth of seedlings of a deep-rooted, woody heliophyte, Prosopis glandulosa, were tested. The effects of two positions (gap or Bouteloua curtipendula grassland), two levels of aboveground interference (high or low light), and three levels of grass root interference (2, 20, and 40 cm deep root excluders) on P. glandulosa aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass were measured. The exclusion of belowground interference significantly increased aboveground, belowground, and total P. glandulosa dry mass, with the reduction of belowground interference to a depth of 20 cm maximizing P. glandulosa dry mass. Aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass of P. glandulosa were not significantly different when grown in gaps compared to grasslands, nor were there any significant differences when aboveground interference (shade) was imposed. However, the trend was for greater dry mass in gaps and high light. Data indicate that belowground interference from grass roots significantly reduces the dry mass of P. glandulosa, while aboveground interference has a lesser effect. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1222:GOPGIR]2.0.CO;2 |
| format | Article |
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W. ; Bush, J. K.</creator><creatorcontrib>Van Auken, O. W. ; Bush, J. K.</creatorcontrib><description>Recent increases in woody plant density have occurred in grasslands worldwide, but both the cause and mechanisms involved in these changes have been elusive. Changes in grass biomass mediated by high levels of constant herbivory seem to be the pivotal reason. In this field study in central Texas, USA, effects of aboveground and belowground interference on the growth of seedlings of a deep-rooted, woody heliophyte, Prosopis glandulosa, were tested. The effects of two positions (gap or Bouteloua curtipendula grassland), two levels of aboveground interference (high or low light), and three levels of grass root interference (2, 20, and 40 cm deep root excluders) on P. glandulosa aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass were measured. The exclusion of belowground interference significantly increased aboveground, belowground, and total P. glandulosa dry mass, with the reduction of belowground interference to a depth of 20 cm maximizing P. glandulosa dry mass. Aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass of P. glandulosa were not significantly different when grown in gaps compared to grasslands, nor were there any significant differences when aboveground interference (shade) was imposed. However, the trend was for greater dry mass in gaps and high light. Data indicate that belowground interference from grass roots significantly reduces the dry mass of P. glandulosa, while aboveground interference has a lesser effect.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-9658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-9170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1222:GOPGIR]2.0.CO;2</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ECGYAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Ecological Society of America</publisher><subject>aboveground and belowground interference ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; BOUTELOUA ; BOUTELOUA CURTIPENDULA ; Ecological competition ; Environmental aspects ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Grasses ; Grassland ecology ; Grassland soils ; GRASSLANDS ; HERBAGE ; mesquite ; Plant ecology ; PLANT POPULATION ; Plant roots ; PLANTAS LENOSAS ; PLANTE LIGNEUSE ; Plants ; POBLACION VEGETAL ; POPULATION VEGETALE ; PRADERAS ; Prosopis glandulosa ; root competition ; Rooting depth ; shoot competition ; side-oats grama ; Soil ecology ; Synecology ; Terrestrial ecosystems ; TEXAS ; Texas grasslands ; woody plant growth ; WOODY PLANTS</subject><ispartof>Ecology (Durham), 1997-06, Vol.78 (4), p.1222-1229</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1997 Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1997 by the Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1997 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1997 Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright Ecological Society of America Jun 1997</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5732-1e2d0d80ceaed1372a8847ac01d45d9af2cb0c367944f45b8428cc36b0cd65b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5732-1e2d0d80ceaed1372a8847ac01d45d9af2cb0c367944f45b8428cc36b0cd65b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2265871$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2265871$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2784007$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Van Auken, O. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, J. K.</creatorcontrib><title>Growth of Prosopis glandulosa in response to changes in aboveground and belowground interference</title><title>Ecology (Durham)</title><description>Recent increases in woody plant density have occurred in grasslands worldwide, but both the cause and mechanisms involved in these changes have been elusive. Changes in grass biomass mediated by high levels of constant herbivory seem to be the pivotal reason. In this field study in central Texas, USA, effects of aboveground and belowground interference on the growth of seedlings of a deep-rooted, woody heliophyte, Prosopis glandulosa, were tested. The effects of two positions (gap or Bouteloua curtipendula grassland), two levels of aboveground interference (high or low light), and three levels of grass root interference (2, 20, and 40 cm deep root excluders) on P. glandulosa aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass were measured. The exclusion of belowground interference significantly increased aboveground, belowground, and total P. glandulosa dry mass, with the reduction of belowground interference to a depth of 20 cm maximizing P. glandulosa dry mass. Aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass of P. glandulosa were not significantly different when grown in gaps compared to grasslands, nor were there any significant differences when aboveground interference (shade) was imposed. However, the trend was for greater dry mass in gaps and high light. Data indicate that belowground interference from grass roots significantly reduces the dry mass of P. glandulosa, while aboveground interference has a lesser effect.</description><subject>aboveground and belowground interference</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BOUTELOUA</subject><subject>BOUTELOUA CURTIPENDULA</subject><subject>Ecological competition</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Grasses</subject><subject>Grassland ecology</subject><subject>Grassland soils</subject><subject>GRASSLANDS</subject><subject>HERBAGE</subject><subject>mesquite</subject><subject>Plant ecology</subject><subject>PLANT POPULATION</subject><subject>Plant roots</subject><subject>PLANTAS LENOSAS</subject><subject>PLANTE LIGNEUSE</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>POBLACION VEGETAL</subject><subject>POPULATION VEGETALE</subject><subject>PRADERAS</subject><subject>Prosopis glandulosa</subject><subject>root competition</subject><subject>Rooting depth</subject><subject>shoot competition</subject><subject>side-oats grama</subject><subject>Soil ecology</subject><subject>Synecology</subject><subject>Terrestrial ecosystems</subject><subject>TEXAS</subject><subject>Texas grasslands</subject><subject>woody plant growth</subject><subject>WOODY PLANTS</subject><issn>0012-9658</issn><issn>1939-9170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqdkd9rFDEQxxdR8Kz-Az4tIqLgXpPsjyT1qSztWihcsfVBRGIuO7vdYy85k90e_e-dZY8q0ieThzCTT74zmW8UHVOypEKSY0IoS2SRi_dUSv6BcPGdMsZOqtVVdfHlB1uSZbn6xJ5ECypTmUjKydNo8fDqefQihA3BRTOxiH5W3u2H29g18ZV3we26ELe9tvXYu6DjzsYews7ZAPHgYnOrbQthSuu1u4PWu9HWMeLxGnq3P8SdHcA34MEaeBk9a3Qf4NXhPIpuzs9uys_J5aq6KE8vE5PzlCUUWE1qQQxoqGnKmRYi49oQWmd5LXXDzJqYtOAyy5osX4uMCYMxJusiX6dH0btZdufdrxHCoLZdMNDjV8CNQdGCpCItMgTf_ANu3OgttqYYzrfIKGcIfZyhVvegOtu4wWvTggWve2eh6TB9SmUuioIRxJNHcNw1bDvzGF_NvMGRBw-N2vluq_29okRNJqvJLjXZpSaTFZqsJpPVbLJiiqhypaZG3x5-o4PRfeO1NV14kGNcZIRwxK5nbI-N3P9vNXVWfpsAFJ2u_xTfhMH5v1VZSrhiDBU5Rez1jDXaKd167O_rteQMhy3T3xpo1lM</recordid><startdate>199706</startdate><enddate>199706</enddate><creator>Van Auken, O. 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W.</au><au>Bush, J. K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Growth of Prosopis glandulosa in response to changes in aboveground and belowground interference</atitle><jtitle>Ecology (Durham)</jtitle><date>1997-06</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>78</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1222</spage><epage>1229</epage><pages>1222-1229</pages><issn>0012-9658</issn><eissn>1939-9170</eissn><coden>ECGYAQ</coden><abstract>Recent increases in woody plant density have occurred in grasslands worldwide, but both the cause and mechanisms involved in these changes have been elusive. Changes in grass biomass mediated by high levels of constant herbivory seem to be the pivotal reason. In this field study in central Texas, USA, effects of aboveground and belowground interference on the growth of seedlings of a deep-rooted, woody heliophyte, Prosopis glandulosa, were tested. The effects of two positions (gap or Bouteloua curtipendula grassland), two levels of aboveground interference (high or low light), and three levels of grass root interference (2, 20, and 40 cm deep root excluders) on P. glandulosa aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass were measured. The exclusion of belowground interference significantly increased aboveground, belowground, and total P. glandulosa dry mass, with the reduction of belowground interference to a depth of 20 cm maximizing P. glandulosa dry mass. Aboveground, belowground, and total dry mass of P. glandulosa were not significantly different when grown in gaps compared to grasslands, nor were there any significant differences when aboveground interference (shade) was imposed. However, the trend was for greater dry mass in gaps and high light. Data indicate that belowground interference from grass roots significantly reduces the dry mass of P. glandulosa, while aboveground interference has a lesser effect.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Ecological Society of America</pub><doi>10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1222:GOPGIR]2.0.CO;2</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0012-9658 |
| ispartof | Ecology (Durham), 1997-06, Vol.78 (4), p.1222-1229 |
| issn | 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Access via Wiley Online Library; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing |
| subjects | aboveground and belowground interference Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences BOUTELOUA BOUTELOUA CURTIPENDULA Ecological competition Environmental aspects Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Grasses Grassland ecology Grassland soils GRASSLANDS HERBAGE mesquite Plant ecology PLANT POPULATION Plant roots PLANTAS LENOSAS PLANTE LIGNEUSE Plants POBLACION VEGETAL POPULATION VEGETALE PRADERAS Prosopis glandulosa root competition Rooting depth shoot competition side-oats grama Soil ecology Synecology Terrestrial ecosystems TEXAS Texas grasslands woody plant growth WOODY PLANTS |
| title | Growth of Prosopis glandulosa in response to changes in aboveground and belowground interference |
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