Dosimetry for Occupational Exposure to Cosmic Radiation

In the course of their work, aircraft crew and frequent flyers are exposed to elevated levels of cosmic radiation of galactic and solar origin and secondary radiation produced in the atmosphere, aircraft structure, etc. This has been recognised for some time and estimates of the exposure of aircraft...

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Veröffentlicht in:Radiation protection dosimetry 1997-01, Vol.70 (1-4), p.395-404
Hauptverfasser: Bartlett, D.T., McAulay, I.R., Schrewe, U.J., Schnuer, K., Menzel, H.G., Bottollier-Depois, J-F., Dietze, G., Gmür, K., Grillmaier, R.E., Heinrich, W., Lim, T., Lindborg, L., Reitz, G., Schraube, H., Spurný, F., Tommasino (INVITED), L.
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container_end_page 404
container_issue 1-4
container_start_page 395
container_title Radiation protection dosimetry
container_volume 70
creator Bartlett, D.T.
McAulay, I.R.
Schrewe, U.J.
Schnuer, K.
Menzel, H.G.
Bottollier-Depois, J-F.
Dietze, G.
Gmür, K.
Grillmaier, R.E.
Heinrich, W.
Lim, T.
Lindborg, L.
Reitz, G.
Schraube, H.
Spurný, F.
Tommasino (INVITED), L.
description In the course of their work, aircraft crew and frequent flyers are exposed to elevated levels of cosmic radiation of galactic and solar origin and secondary radiation produced in the atmosphere, aircraft structure, etc. This has been recognised for some time and estimates of the exposure of aircraft crew have been made previously and included in, for example, UNSCEAR (United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation) publications. The recent increased interest has been brought about by several factors - the consideration that the relative biological effectiveness of the neutron component was being underestimated; the trend towards high cruising altitudes for subsonic commercial aircraft and business jet aircraft; and, most importantly, the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in Publication 60, and the revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards Directive (BSS). In 1992, the European Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) established a Working Group to consider the exposure to cosmic radiation of aircraft crew, and the scientific and technical problems associated with radiation protection dosimetry for this occupational group. The Working Group was composed of fifteen scientists (plus a corresponding member) involved in this field of study and with knowledge of radiation measurement at aviation altitudes. This paper is based on the findings of this Working Group. Where arrangements are made to take account of the exposure of aircraft crew to cosmic radiation, dose estimation procedures will not be necessary for persons for whom total annual doses are not liable to exceed 1 mSv, and therefore, in general, for crew on aircraft not routinely flying above 8 km. Where estimates of effective dose and, in the case of female staff who are pregnant, equivalent dose to the embryo or fetus, are required (for regulatory or other purposes), it was concluded that the preferred procedure was to determine route doses and fold these with data on staff rostering.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031985
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The recent increased interest has been brought about by several factors - the consideration that the relative biological effectiveness of the neutron component was being underestimated; the trend towards high cruising altitudes for subsonic commercial aircraft and business jet aircraft; and, most importantly, the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in Publication 60, and the revision of the Euratom Basic Safety Standards Directive (BSS). In 1992, the European Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) established a Working Group to consider the exposure to cosmic radiation of aircraft crew, and the scientific and technical problems associated with radiation protection dosimetry for this occupational group. The Working Group was composed of fifteen scientists (plus a corresponding member) involved in this field of study and with knowledge of radiation measurement at aviation altitudes. This paper is based on the findings of this Working Group. 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Where arrangements are made to take account of the exposure of aircraft crew to cosmic radiation, dose estimation procedures will not be necessary for persons for whom total annual doses are not liable to exceed 1 mSv, and therefore, in general, for crew on aircraft not routinely flying above 8 km. Where estimates of effective dose and, in the case of female staff who are pregnant, equivalent dose to the embryo or fetus, are required (for regulatory or other purposes), it was concluded that the preferred procedure was to determine route doses and fold these with data on staff rostering.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>11540534</pmid><doi>10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031985</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)
subjects Aircraft
Applied radiobiology (equipment, dosimetry...)
Aviation
Biological and medical sciences
Biological effects of radiation
Calibration
Cosmic Radiation
Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
Elementary Particle Interactions
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Linear Energy Transfer
Models, Theoretical
Monte Carlo Method
Occupational Exposure
Radiation Dosage
Radiation Monitoring - instrumentation
Radiation Protection - instrumentation
Radiation Protection - standards
Radiometry
Software
Solar Activity
Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics
title Dosimetry for Occupational Exposure to Cosmic Radiation
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