Spectacular abundance of ciliates in anoxic pond water: contribution of symbiont photosynthesis to host respiratory oxygen requirements
Abstract Very large numbers (3466 ml−1) of ciliated protozoa were found living beneath the oxic-anoxic boundary in a stratified freshwater pond. Most ciliates (96%) contained symbiotic algae (Chlorella spp.). Peak abundance was in anoxic water with almost 1 mol free CO2 m−3 and a midday irradiance o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | FEMS microbiology ecology 1996-08, Vol.20 (4), p.229-235 |
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| creator | Finlay, B.J. Maberly, S.C. Esteban, G.F. |
| description | Abstract
Very large numbers (3466 ml−1) of ciliated protozoa were found living beneath the oxic-anoxic boundary in a stratified freshwater pond. Most ciliates (96%) contained symbiotic algae (Chlorella spp.). Peak abundance was in anoxic water with almost 1 mol free CO2 m−3 and a midday irradiance of 6 μmol photon m−2 s−1. Photosynthetic rate measurements of metalimnetic water indicated a light compensation point of 1.7 μmol photon m−2 s−1 which represents 0.6% of sub-surface light. We calculate that photosynthetic evolution of O2 by symbionts is sufficient to meet the demand of the host ciliates for 13 to 14 hours each day. Each ‘photosynthetic ciliate’ may therefore become an aerobic island surrounded by anoxic water. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00321.x |
| format | Article |
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Very large numbers (3466 ml−1) of ciliated protozoa were found living beneath the oxic-anoxic boundary in a stratified freshwater pond. Most ciliates (96%) contained symbiotic algae (Chlorella spp.). Peak abundance was in anoxic water with almost 1 mol free CO2 m−3 and a midday irradiance of 6 μmol photon m−2 s−1. Photosynthetic rate measurements of metalimnetic water indicated a light compensation point of 1.7 μmol photon m−2 s−1 which represents 0.6% of sub-surface light. We calculate that photosynthetic evolution of O2 by symbionts is sufficient to meet the demand of the host ciliates for 13 to 14 hours each day. Each ‘photosynthetic ciliate’ may therefore become an aerobic island surrounded by anoxic water.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0168-6496</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1574-6941</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00321.x</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Algae ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Anoxia ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carbon dioxide ; Chlorella ; Ciliate protozoa ; Ciliates ; Demecology ; Ecology ; Euplotes daidaleos ; Freshwater ; Freshwater organisms ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Halteria viridis ; Irradiance ; Microbiology ; Oxygen requirement ; Photons ; Photosynthesis ; Photosynthetic symbionts ; Ponds ; Protozoa ; Protozoa. Invertebrata ; Symbionts</subject><ispartof>FEMS microbiology ecology, 1996-08, Vol.20 (4), p.229-235</ispartof><rights>1996 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. 1996</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>1996 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5009-5563de10aa63d09c7c12bcd90d1438c30178743e062b2f488f4e4c0f1b20a6a43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5009-5563de10aa63d09c7c12bcd90d1438c30178743e062b2f488f4e4c0f1b20a6a43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.1996.tb00321.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6941.1996.tb00321.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3183232$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Finlay, B.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maberly, S.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esteban, G.F.</creatorcontrib><title>Spectacular abundance of ciliates in anoxic pond water: contribution of symbiont photosynthesis to host respiratory oxygen requirements</title><title>FEMS microbiology ecology</title><description>Abstract
Very large numbers (3466 ml−1) of ciliated protozoa were found living beneath the oxic-anoxic boundary in a stratified freshwater pond. Most ciliates (96%) contained symbiotic algae (Chlorella spp.). Peak abundance was in anoxic water with almost 1 mol free CO2 m−3 and a midday irradiance of 6 μmol photon m−2 s−1. Photosynthetic rate measurements of metalimnetic water indicated a light compensation point of 1.7 μmol photon m−2 s−1 which represents 0.6% of sub-surface light. We calculate that photosynthetic evolution of O2 by symbionts is sufficient to meet the demand of the host ciliates for 13 to 14 hours each day. Each ‘photosynthetic ciliate’ may therefore become an aerobic island surrounded by anoxic water.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anoxia</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Chlorella</subject><subject>Ciliate protozoa</subject><subject>Ciliates</subject><subject>Demecology</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Euplotes daidaleos</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Freshwater organisms</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Halteria viridis</subject><subject>Irradiance</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Oxygen requirement</subject><subject>Photons</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosynthetic symbionts</subject><subject>Ponds</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Protozoa. 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Psychology</topic><topic>Halteria viridis</topic><topic>Irradiance</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Oxygen requirement</topic><topic>Photons</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Photosynthetic symbionts</topic><topic>Ponds</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>Protozoa. 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Very large numbers (3466 ml−1) of ciliated protozoa were found living beneath the oxic-anoxic boundary in a stratified freshwater pond. Most ciliates (96%) contained symbiotic algae (Chlorella spp.). Peak abundance was in anoxic water with almost 1 mol free CO2 m−3 and a midday irradiance of 6 μmol photon m−2 s−1. Photosynthetic rate measurements of metalimnetic water indicated a light compensation point of 1.7 μmol photon m−2 s−1 which represents 0.6% of sub-surface light. We calculate that photosynthetic evolution of O2 by symbionts is sufficient to meet the demand of the host ciliates for 13 to 14 hours each day. Each ‘photosynthetic ciliate’ may therefore become an aerobic island surrounded by anoxic water.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00321.x</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | FEMS microbiology ecology, 1996-08, Vol.20 (4), p.229-235 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; Access via Oxford University Press (Open Access Collection); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Abundance Algae Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Anoxia Biological and medical sciences Carbon dioxide Chlorella Ciliate protozoa Ciliates Demecology Ecology Euplotes daidaleos Freshwater Freshwater organisms Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Halteria viridis Irradiance Microbiology Oxygen requirement Photons Photosynthesis Photosynthetic symbionts Ponds Protozoa Protozoa. Invertebrata Symbionts |
| title | Spectacular abundance of ciliates in anoxic pond water: contribution of symbiont photosynthesis to host respiratory oxygen requirements |
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