Effects of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN) composites in semi-metallic brake friction materials
A group of semi-metallic friction composites (SMFC) consisting of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN), steel wool, graphite, and benzoxazine were prepared using a melt mixing method. The mixing work was carried out at 90°C. The composites were vulcanized by electron beam irradiat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Wear 2013-04, Vol.302 (1-2), p.1392-1396 |
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| creator | Almaslow, A. Ghazali, M.J. Talib, R.J. Ratnam, C.T. Azhari, C.H. |
| description | A group of semi-metallic friction composites (SMFC) consisting of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN), steel wool, graphite, and benzoxazine were prepared using a melt mixing method. The mixing work was carried out at 90°C. The composites were vulcanized by electron beam irradiation. The samples were then subjected to mechanical and physical tests to determine the tribological properties of SMFC. Detailed examinations on the worked layer were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray. Samples with 29% of ENRAN exhibited the best friction coefficient (∼0.437) with low specific wear rates (0.27×10−7cm3/Nm). An iron oxide formation was prominent on the friction surfaces, implying the occurrence of interactions between the contacting surfaces and the environment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.wear.2013.01.033 |
| format | Article |
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The mixing work was carried out at 90°C. The composites were vulcanized by electron beam irradiation. The samples were then subjected to mechanical and physical tests to determine the tribological properties of SMFC. Detailed examinations on the worked layer were analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray. Samples with 29% of ENRAN exhibited the best friction coefficient (∼0.437) with low specific wear rates (0.27×10−7cm3/Nm). 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Machine design</subject><subject>Melts</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Natural rubber</subject><subject>Polymer matrix composites</subject><subject>Semi-metallic</subject><subject>Shafts, couplings, clutches, brakes</subject><subject>Wear</subject><subject>Wear rate</subject><issn>0043-1648</issn><issn>1873-2577</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkc1u1TAQhS0EEpfCC7DyBqksEsaO7cQSm6q6_EhVkRCsLccZS744cbATSlnxDrxhn6S5uhVLWI00c86Z0XyEvGRQM2DqzaG-QZtrDqypgdXQNI_IjnVtU3HZto_JDkA0FVOie0qelXIAAKal2pHbvffolkKTpzinn2EIv3Cgk13WbCPNa99jvvv9x8Z1DJPdBlOabV6Ci1jo-f7688X1a-rSOKcSlq0VJlpwDNWIi40xONpn-w2pz8EtIU10tAvmYGN5Tp74reCLh3pGvr7bf7n8UF19ev_x8uKqco1WSyU4KsE7JgFwUENv_eActo7rAXTLhUbWy8F5J5qWS0DmvBbaSvDecqa65oycn3LnnL6vWBYzhuIwRjthWothUrUgtdTq_1KhhOyE5u0m5Sepy6mUjN7MOYw23xoG5ojEHMwRiTkiMcDMhmQzvXrIt8XZ6LOdXCh_nbyVAoQ63vH2pMPtLz8CZlNcwMnhEPIGywwp_GvNPUJapII</recordid><startdate>20130401</startdate><enddate>20130401</enddate><creator>Almaslow, A.</creator><creator>Ghazali, M.J.</creator><creator>Talib, R.J.</creator><creator>Ratnam, C.T.</creator><creator>Azhari, C.H.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130401</creationdate><title>Effects of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN) composites in semi-metallic brake friction materials</title><author>Almaslow, A. ; Ghazali, M.J. ; Talib, R.J. ; Ratnam, C.T. ; Azhari, C.H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c396t-42e64281500ed6dbafdcce7c29d097249e1b5dcfc437250e1cf949a50ffa21683</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Alumina nanoparticles</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Benzoxazines</topic><topic>Brake friction materials</topic><topic>Brakes</topic><topic>Drives</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Friction</topic><topic>Mechanical engineering. Machine design</topic><topic>Melts</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Natural rubber</topic><topic>Polymer matrix composites</topic><topic>Semi-metallic</topic><topic>Shafts, couplings, clutches, brakes</topic><topic>Wear</topic><topic>Wear rate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Almaslow, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghazali, M.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Talib, R.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ratnam, C.T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azhari, C.H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Wear</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Almaslow, A.</au><au>Ghazali, M.J.</au><au>Talib, R.J.</au><au>Ratnam, C.T.</au><au>Azhari, C.H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN) composites in semi-metallic brake friction materials</atitle><jtitle>Wear</jtitle><date>2013-04-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>302</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>1392</spage><epage>1396</epage><pages>1392-1396</pages><issn>0043-1648</issn><eissn>1873-2577</eissn><coden>WEARAH</coden><abstract>A group of semi-metallic friction composites (SMFC) consisting of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN), steel wool, graphite, and benzoxazine were prepared using a melt mixing method. 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| subjects | Alumina nanoparticles Applied sciences Benzoxazines Brake friction materials Brakes Drives Exact sciences and technology Friction Mechanical engineering. Machine design Melts Nanoparticles Natural rubber Polymer matrix composites Semi-metallic Shafts, couplings, clutches, brakes Wear Wear rate |
| title | Effects of epoxidized natural rubber–alumina nanoparticles (ENRAN) composites in semi-metallic brake friction materials |
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