review on management of chrome-tanned leather shavings: a holistic paradigm to combat the environmental issues

Raw hide/skins come to the tanners as a by-product of meat industry which is converted into value-added leather as product for fashion market. Leather manufacturing is a chemical process of natural biological matrix. It employs a huge quantity of water and inorganic and organic chemicals for process...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2014-10, Vol.21 (19), p.11266-11282
Hauptverfasser: Pati, Anupama, Chaudhary, Rubina, Subramani, Saravanabhavan
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container_issue 19
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container_title Environmental science and pollution research international
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creator Pati, Anupama
Chaudhary, Rubina
Subramani, Saravanabhavan
description Raw hide/skins come to the tanners as a by-product of meat industry which is converted into value-added leather as product for fashion market. Leather manufacturing is a chemical process of natural biological matrix. It employs a huge quantity of water and inorganic and organic chemicals for processing and thereby discharges solid and liquid wastes into the environment. One of the potential solid wastes generated from leather industry is chrome-tanned leather shavings (CTLSs), and its disposal is increasingly becoming a huge challenge on disposal to tanners due to presence of heavy metal chromium. Hence, finding a sustainable solution to the CTLS disposal problem is a prime challenge for global tanners and researchers. This paper aims to the deeper review of various disposal methods on CTLS such as protein, chromium, and energy recovery processes and its utilization methodologies. Sustainable technologies have been developed to overcome CTLS solid wastes emanating from leather processing operations. Further, this review paper brings a broader classification of developed methodologies for treatment of CTLSs.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11356-014-3055-9
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subjects Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bans
Chromium
Clean technology
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Energy recovery
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental Pollutants
Environmental science
Heavy metals
Industrial Waste
Industrial wastes
Landfill
Leather
Leather & leather products
leather industry
Liquid wastes
livestock and meat industry
Manufacturing
markets
Meat industry
Moisture content
Organic chemicals
organic compounds
Proteins
Review Article
Reviews
Solid wastes
Studies
sustainable technology
Tannery wastes
Tanning
value added
Waste disposal
Waste Management - methods
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
water quantity
title review on management of chrome-tanned leather shavings: a holistic paradigm to combat the environmental issues
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