High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Background High normal albuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Increased aortic stiffness is an established risk factor of vascular events. However, the relationship between albuminuria within the normal range (0–30 mg/g) and aortic stiffness in patients...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Diabetic medicine 2014-10, Vol.31 (10), p.1199-1204 |
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| creator | Liu, J.-J. Tavintharan, S. Yeoh, L. Y. Sum, C. F. Ng, X. W. Pek, S. L. T. Lee, S. B. M. Tang, W. E. Lim, S. C. |
| description | Background
High normal albuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Increased aortic stiffness is an established risk factor of vascular events. However, the relationship between albuminuria within the normal range (0–30 mg/g) and aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes is unknown.
Methods
A total of 614 normoalbuminuric subjects with Type 2 diabetes with spot urinary albumin:creatinine ratio ≤ 30 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 ml min−1 1.73 m−2 were included in the study. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity.
Results
Pulse wave velocity increased progressively with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio within the normoalbuminuric range (0–30 mg/g). Only 2.6% of the subjects with an albumin:creatinine ratio in the lowest quartile (0.7–3.4 mg/g) were classified as having aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity ≥12 m/s). In contrast, the proportion of subjects with aortic stiffness increased significantly with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio level (11.0%, 10.4% and 13.6% in albumin:creatinine ratio quartiles 2, 3 and 4, respectively, P = 0.008). A logistic regression model revealed that the odds of having aortic stiffness were increased by 56% with a 1‐sd increase of log albumin:creatinine ratio after adjustment for age, gender, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, blood pressure, HDL and LDL cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI, usage of renin–angiotensin system antagonists, statins and insulin.
Conclusions
High normal albuminuria is associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes, which may in part explain their increased cardiovascular risk.
What's new?
This is the first clinical study showing an increased aortic stiffness when urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was as low as less than 5 mg/g in Type 2 diabetes.
The data may in part explain the increased cardiovascular risk associated with high normal albuminuria in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/dme.12461 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1563061076</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1563061076</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4911-3045282b7ace297cd3fdc73de657a2fbba6ce291cfd4bd86afe1289e640473d53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp10U1v1DAQBmALUdGlcOAPIEsICQ5pbcexN0e0LW1FgUuh3KyJPaFe8oWdqOy_xyHbIiHhg33wM55XHkJecHbM0zpxLR5zIRV_RFZcKpkVsuSPyYppKbKcaX5Insa4ZYyLMi-fkEMhNRM8VyuyvfDfb2nXhxYaCk01tb6bggfqI_WdwwHT1o3NjkKMvfUwoqN3fryl0IfRWxpHX9cdxpnTAUafdFzE9W5AKqjzUOGI8Rk5qKGJ-Hx_HpEv78-uNxfZ1efzy827q8ym1DzllYVYi0qDRVFq6_LaWZ07VIUGUVcVqPmC29rJyq0V1MjFukQlmUysyI_Im-XdIfQ_J4yjaX202DTQYT9FwwuVM8WZVom--odu-yl0Kd2shFBlSpPU20XZ0McYsDZD8C2EneHMzAMwaQDmzwCSfbl_capadA_y_scTeL0HEC00dYDO-vjXrbUuuZrdyeLufIO7_3c0px_P7ltnS4WPI_56qIDwwyid68LcfDo3p2JTfP324caI_Dfgxavq</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1562269304</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes</title><source>Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><creator>Liu, J.-J. ; Tavintharan, S. ; Yeoh, L. Y. ; Sum, C. F. ; Ng, X. W. ; Pek, S. L. T. ; Lee, S. B. M. ; Tang, W. E. ; Lim, S. C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, J.-J. ; Tavintharan, S. ; Yeoh, L. Y. ; Sum, C. F. ; Ng, X. W. ; Pek, S. L. T. ; Lee, S. B. M. ; Tang, W. E. ; Lim, S. C. ; SMART2D study ; the SMART2D study</creatorcontrib><description>Background
High normal albuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Increased aortic stiffness is an established risk factor of vascular events. However, the relationship between albuminuria within the normal range (0–30 mg/g) and aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes is unknown.
Methods
A total of 614 normoalbuminuric subjects with Type 2 diabetes with spot urinary albumin:creatinine ratio ≤ 30 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 ml min−1 1.73 m−2 were included in the study. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity.
Results
Pulse wave velocity increased progressively with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio within the normoalbuminuric range (0–30 mg/g). Only 2.6% of the subjects with an albumin:creatinine ratio in the lowest quartile (0.7–3.4 mg/g) were classified as having aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity ≥12 m/s). In contrast, the proportion of subjects with aortic stiffness increased significantly with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio level (11.0%, 10.4% and 13.6% in albumin:creatinine ratio quartiles 2, 3 and 4, respectively, P = 0.008). A logistic regression model revealed that the odds of having aortic stiffness were increased by 56% with a 1‐sd increase of log albumin:creatinine ratio after adjustment for age, gender, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, blood pressure, HDL and LDL cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI, usage of renin–angiotensin system antagonists, statins and insulin.
Conclusions
High normal albuminuria is associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes, which may in part explain their increased cardiovascular risk.
What's new?
This is the first clinical study showing an increased aortic stiffness when urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was as low as less than 5 mg/g in Type 2 diabetes.
The data may in part explain the increased cardiovascular risk associated with high normal albuminuria in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0742-3071</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-5491</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/dme.12461</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24702136</identifier><identifier>CODEN: DIMEEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Aged ; Albuminuria - complications ; Albuminuria - diagnosis ; Albuminuria - physiopathology ; Albuminuria - urine ; Aorta - physiopathology ; Associated diseases and complications ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cardiovascular Diseases - complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance ; Diabetic Angiopathies - complications ; Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology ; Diabetic Angiopathies - physiopathology ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - complications ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - epidemiology ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies - complications ; Diabetic Nephropathies - diagnosis ; Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology ; Diabetic Nephropathies - urine ; Drug therapy ; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) ; Endocrinopathies ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Singapore - epidemiology ; Vascular Stiffness ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><ispartof>Diabetic medicine, 2014-10, Vol.31 (10), p.1199-1204</ispartof><rights>2014 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2014 Diabetes UK</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2014 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2014 Diabetes UK.</rights><rights>Diabetic Medicine © 2014 Diabetes UK</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4911-3045282b7ace297cd3fdc73de657a2fbba6ce291cfd4bd86afe1289e640473d53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4911-3045282b7ace297cd3fdc73de657a2fbba6ce291cfd4bd86afe1289e640473d53</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fdme.12461$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fdme.12461$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28779166$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24702136$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, J.-J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavintharan, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeoh, L. Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sum, C. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ng, X. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pek, S. L. T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, S. B. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, W. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, S. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SMART2D study</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the SMART2D study</creatorcontrib><title>High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes</title><title>Diabetic medicine</title><addtitle>Diabet. Med</addtitle><description>Background
High normal albuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Increased aortic stiffness is an established risk factor of vascular events. However, the relationship between albuminuria within the normal range (0–30 mg/g) and aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes is unknown.
Methods
A total of 614 normoalbuminuric subjects with Type 2 diabetes with spot urinary albumin:creatinine ratio ≤ 30 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 ml min−1 1.73 m−2 were included in the study. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity.
Results
Pulse wave velocity increased progressively with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio within the normoalbuminuric range (0–30 mg/g). Only 2.6% of the subjects with an albumin:creatinine ratio in the lowest quartile (0.7–3.4 mg/g) were classified as having aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity ≥12 m/s). In contrast, the proportion of subjects with aortic stiffness increased significantly with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio level (11.0%, 10.4% and 13.6% in albumin:creatinine ratio quartiles 2, 3 and 4, respectively, P = 0.008). A logistic regression model revealed that the odds of having aortic stiffness were increased by 56% with a 1‐sd increase of log albumin:creatinine ratio after adjustment for age, gender, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, blood pressure, HDL and LDL cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI, usage of renin–angiotensin system antagonists, statins and insulin.
Conclusions
High normal albuminuria is associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes, which may in part explain their increased cardiovascular risk.
What's new?
This is the first clinical study showing an increased aortic stiffness when urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was as low as less than 5 mg/g in Type 2 diabetes.
The data may in part explain the increased cardiovascular risk associated with high normal albuminuria in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Albuminuria - complications</subject><subject>Albuminuria - diagnosis</subject><subject>Albuminuria - physiopathology</subject><subject>Albuminuria - urine</subject><subject>Aorta - physiopathology</subject><subject>Associated diseases and complications</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - complications</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</subject><subject>Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance</subject><subject>Diabetic Angiopathies - complications</subject><subject>Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diabetic Angiopathies - physiopathology</subject><subject>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - complications</subject><subject>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - physiopathology</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - complications</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - diagnosis</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology</subject><subject>Diabetic Nephropathies - urine</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)</subject><subject>Endocrinopathies</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Glomerular Filtration Rate</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pulse Wave Analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Singapore - epidemiology</subject><subject>Vascular Stiffness</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><issn>0742-3071</issn><issn>1464-5491</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10U1v1DAQBmALUdGlcOAPIEsICQ5pbcexN0e0LW1FgUuh3KyJPaFe8oWdqOy_xyHbIiHhg33wM55XHkJecHbM0zpxLR5zIRV_RFZcKpkVsuSPyYppKbKcaX5Insa4ZYyLMi-fkEMhNRM8VyuyvfDfb2nXhxYaCk01tb6bggfqI_WdwwHT1o3NjkKMvfUwoqN3fryl0IfRWxpHX9cdxpnTAUafdFzE9W5AKqjzUOGI8Rk5qKGJ-Hx_HpEv78-uNxfZ1efzy827q8ym1DzllYVYi0qDRVFq6_LaWZ07VIUGUVcVqPmC29rJyq0V1MjFukQlmUysyI_Im-XdIfQ_J4yjaX202DTQYT9FwwuVM8WZVom--odu-yl0Kd2shFBlSpPU20XZ0McYsDZD8C2EneHMzAMwaQDmzwCSfbl_capadA_y_scTeL0HEC00dYDO-vjXrbUuuZrdyeLufIO7_3c0px_P7ltnS4WPI_56qIDwwyid68LcfDo3p2JTfP324caI_Dfgxavq</recordid><startdate>201410</startdate><enddate>201410</enddate><creator>Liu, J.-J.</creator><creator>Tavintharan, S.</creator><creator>Yeoh, L. Y.</creator><creator>Sum, C. F.</creator><creator>Ng, X. W.</creator><creator>Pek, S. L. T.</creator><creator>Lee, S. B. M.</creator><creator>Tang, W. E.</creator><creator>Lim, S. C.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201410</creationdate><title>High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes</title><author>Liu, J.-J. ; Tavintharan, S. ; Yeoh, L. Y. ; Sum, C. F. ; Ng, X. W. ; Pek, S. L. T. ; Lee, S. B. M. ; Tang, W. E. ; Lim, S. C.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4911-3045282b7ace297cd3fdc73de657a2fbba6ce291cfd4bd86afe1289e640473d53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Albuminuria - complications</topic><topic>Albuminuria - diagnosis</topic><topic>Albuminuria - physiopathology</topic><topic>Albuminuria - urine</topic><topic>Aorta - physiopathology</topic><topic>Associated diseases and complications</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - complications</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</topic><topic>Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance</topic><topic>Diabetic Angiopathies - complications</topic><topic>Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diabetic Angiopathies - physiopathology</topic><topic>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - complications</topic><topic>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - epidemiology</topic><topic>Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - physiopathology</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - complications</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - diagnosis</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology</topic><topic>Diabetic Nephropathies - urine</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)</topic><topic>Endocrinopathies</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Glomerular Filtration Rate</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pulse Wave Analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Singapore - epidemiology</topic><topic>Vascular Stiffness</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>Vertebrates: endocrinology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, J.-J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tavintharan, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeoh, L. Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sum, C. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ng, X. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pek, S. L. T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, S. B. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, W. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, S. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SMART2D study</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the SMART2D study</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Diabetic medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, J.-J.</au><au>Tavintharan, S.</au><au>Yeoh, L. Y.</au><au>Sum, C. F.</au><au>Ng, X. W.</au><au>Pek, S. L. T.</au><au>Lee, S. B. M.</au><au>Tang, W. E.</au><au>Lim, S. C.</au><aucorp>SMART2D study</aucorp><aucorp>the SMART2D study</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes</atitle><jtitle>Diabetic medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Diabet. Med</addtitle><date>2014-10</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1199</spage><epage>1204</epage><pages>1199-1204</pages><issn>0742-3071</issn><eissn>1464-5491</eissn><coden>DIMEEV</coden><abstract>Background
High normal albuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Increased aortic stiffness is an established risk factor of vascular events. However, the relationship between albuminuria within the normal range (0–30 mg/g) and aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes is unknown.
Methods
A total of 614 normoalbuminuric subjects with Type 2 diabetes with spot urinary albumin:creatinine ratio ≤ 30 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 ml min−1 1.73 m−2 were included in the study. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity.
Results
Pulse wave velocity increased progressively with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio within the normoalbuminuric range (0–30 mg/g). Only 2.6% of the subjects with an albumin:creatinine ratio in the lowest quartile (0.7–3.4 mg/g) were classified as having aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity ≥12 m/s). In contrast, the proportion of subjects with aortic stiffness increased significantly with the increase of albumin:creatinine ratio level (11.0%, 10.4% and 13.6% in albumin:creatinine ratio quartiles 2, 3 and 4, respectively, P = 0.008). A logistic regression model revealed that the odds of having aortic stiffness were increased by 56% with a 1‐sd increase of log albumin:creatinine ratio after adjustment for age, gender, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, blood pressure, HDL and LDL cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI, usage of renin–angiotensin system antagonists, statins and insulin.
Conclusions
High normal albuminuria is associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes, which may in part explain their increased cardiovascular risk.
What's new?
This is the first clinical study showing an increased aortic stiffness when urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was as low as less than 5 mg/g in Type 2 diabetes.
The data may in part explain the increased cardiovascular risk associated with high normal albuminuria in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>24702136</pmid><doi>10.1111/dme.12461</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Diabetic medicine, 2014-10, Vol.31 (10), p.1199-1204 |
| issn | 0742-3071 1464-5491 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1563061076 |
| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Aged Albuminuria - complications Albuminuria - diagnosis Albuminuria - physiopathology Albuminuria - urine Aorta - physiopathology Associated diseases and complications Biological and medical sciences Cardiovascular Diseases - complications Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Diabetic Angiopathies - complications Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology Diabetic Angiopathies - physiopathology Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - complications Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - epidemiology Diabetic Cardiomyopathies - physiopathology Diabetic Nephropathies - complications Diabetic Nephropathies - diagnosis Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology Diabetic Nephropathies - urine Drug therapy Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinopathies Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glomerular Filtration Rate Humans Logistic Models Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Pulse Wave Analysis Risk Factors Severity of Illness Index Singapore - epidemiology Vascular Stiffness Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Vertebrates: endocrinology |
| title | High normal albuminuria is independently associated with aortic stiffness in patients with Type 2 diabetes |
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