Water with Low Concentration of Surfactant in Dispersed Solvent-Assisted Emulsion Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Fungicides in Wine

A sample preparation method, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction assisted by an emulsion with low concentration of a surfactant in water and dispersed solvent coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, was developed for the analysis of the fungicides cyprodinil, procymidone, fludioxonil, flusilazole, benalaxyl, and tebuconazole in wine. A microsyringe was used to withdraw and discharge a mixture of extraction solvent and 240 μL of an aqueous solution of Triton X-100 (the dispersed agent) four times within 10 s to form a cloudy emulsion in the syringe. This emulsion was then injected into a 5 mL wine sample spiked with all of the above fungicides. The total extraction time was approximately 0.5 min. Under optimum conditions using 1-octanol (12 μL) as extraction solvent, the linear range of the method in analysis of all six fungicides was 0.05–100 μg L–1, and the limit of detection ranged from 0.013 to 0.155 μg L–1. The absolute recoveries (n = 3) and relative recoveries (n = 3) were 30–83 and 81–108% for white wine at 0.5, 5, and 5 μg L–1, and 30–92 and 81–110% for red wine, respectively. The intraday (n = 7) and interday (n = 6) relative standard deviations ranged from 4.4 to 8.8% and from 4.3 to 11.2% at 0.5 μg L–1, respectively. The method achieved high enrichment factors. It is an alternative sample preparation technique with good performance.