Cortical muscle control of spontaneous movements in human neonates
Anatomical studies show the existence of corticomotor neuronal projections to the spinal cord before birth, but whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonatal ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. To investigate this issue, we calculated corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and Granger...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The European journal of neuroscience 2014-08, Vol.40 (3), p.2548-2553 |
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| container_title | The European journal of neuroscience |
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| creator | Kanazawa, Hoshinori Kawai, Masahiko Kinai, Takahiro Iwanaga, Kougorou Mima, Tatsuya Heike, Toshio |
| description | Anatomical studies show the existence of corticomotor neuronal projections to the spinal cord before birth, but whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonatal ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. To investigate this issue, we calculated corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and Granger causality in human neonates. CMC is widely used as an index of functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex and limb muscles, and Granger causality is used across many fields of science to detect the direction of coherence. To calculate CMC and Granger causality, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to measure activity over the cortical region that governs leg muscles, and surface electromyography (EMG) over the right and left tibialis anterior muscles, in 15 healthy term and preterm neonates, during spontaneous movements without any external stimulation. We found that 17 leg muscles (10 right, seven left) in 12 neonates showed significant CMC, whose magnitude significantly correlated with postnatal age only in the beta frequency band. Further analysis revealed Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG in 14 leg muscles. Our findings suggest that the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs. Moreover, the positive correlation between CMC magnitude and postnatal age suggests that corticomuscular communication begins to develop during the neonatal stage. This process may facilitate sensory‐motor integration and activity‐dependent development.
Whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonate during ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. Here, we assessed functional connectivity (calculated by corticomuscular coherence) and its direction (estimated by Granger causality) between EEG on M1 and EMG on TA in 15 neonates during limb movements. We found not only significant corticomuscular coherence but also Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG. Our findings suggest that M1 drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/ejn.12612 |
| format | Article |
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Whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonate during ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. Here, we assessed functional connectivity (calculated by corticomuscular coherence) and its direction (estimated by Granger causality) between EEG on M1 and EMG on TA in 15 neonates during limb movements. We found not only significant corticomuscular coherence but also Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG. Our findings suggest that M1 drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0953-816X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-9568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12612</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24827432</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; coherence ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Granger causality ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leg - innervation ; Leg - physiology ; Male ; Motor Cortex - physiology ; Movement - physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal - innervation ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; neonate ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><ispartof>The European journal of neuroscience, 2014-08, Vol.40 (3), p.2548-2553</ispartof><rights>2014 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2014 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5972-243442b463c0abae80c0718bfbee7b8b32b759f1dc8c1ca197f8be29a2c499183</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5972-243442b463c0abae80c0718bfbee7b8b32b759f1dc8c1ca197f8be29a2c499183</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fejn.12612$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fejn.12612$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28763108$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24827432$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kanazawa, Hoshinori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawai, Masahiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinai, Takahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iwanaga, Kougorou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mima, Tatsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heike, Toshio</creatorcontrib><title>Cortical muscle control of spontaneous movements in human neonates</title><title>The European journal of neuroscience</title><addtitle>Eur J Neurosci</addtitle><description>Anatomical studies show the existence of corticomotor neuronal projections to the spinal cord before birth, but whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonatal ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. To investigate this issue, we calculated corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and Granger causality in human neonates. CMC is widely used as an index of functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex and limb muscles, and Granger causality is used across many fields of science to detect the direction of coherence. To calculate CMC and Granger causality, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to measure activity over the cortical region that governs leg muscles, and surface electromyography (EMG) over the right and left tibialis anterior muscles, in 15 healthy term and preterm neonates, during spontaneous movements without any external stimulation. We found that 17 leg muscles (10 right, seven left) in 12 neonates showed significant CMC, whose magnitude significantly correlated with postnatal age only in the beta frequency band. Further analysis revealed Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG in 14 leg muscles. Our findings suggest that the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs. Moreover, the positive correlation between CMC magnitude and postnatal age suggests that corticomuscular communication begins to develop during the neonatal stage. This process may facilitate sensory‐motor integration and activity‐dependent development.
Whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonate during ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. Here, we assessed functional connectivity (calculated by corticomuscular coherence) and its direction (estimated by Granger causality) between EEG on M1 and EMG on TA in 15 neonates during limb movements. We found not only significant corticomuscular coherence but also Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG. Our findings suggest that M1 drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>coherence</subject><subject>Electroencephalography</subject><subject>Electromyography</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Granger causality</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Leg - innervation</subject><subject>Leg - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Motor Cortex - physiology</subject><subject>Movement - physiology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - innervation</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>neonate</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><issn>0953-816X</issn><issn>1460-9568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkMtO3DAUQK0KVAbaBT9QZYMEi4Cv7djOsox4FKGhQrRlZ9nmRg3NY7ATWv6-hgywQsIL-0o-93UI2Qa6D-kc4G23D0wC-0BmICTNy0LqNTKjZcFzDfJ6g2zGeEsp1VIUH8kGE5opwdmMHM77MNTeNlk7Rt9g5vtuCH2T9VUWlym2HfZjzNr-HlvshpjVXfZ7bG2XpY_ODhg_kfXKNhE_r94t8uP46Gp-mp9fnHybfz3PfVEqljPBhWBOSO6pdRY19VSBdpVDVE47zpwqygpuvPbgLZSq0g5ZaZkXZQmab5Hdqe4y9HcjxsG0dfTYNNOIBgpJget0vwMtgHOQmiV0b0J96GMMWJllqFsbHgxQ82jXJLvmyW5iv6zKjq7FmxfyWWcCdlaAjclpFWzn6_jKaSU50MdVDibub93gw9sdzdHZ4rl1PmXUccB_Lxk2_DFScVWYX4sTQ88ufx5-XyzMKf8PdZ6fYA</recordid><startdate>201408</startdate><enddate>201408</enddate><creator>Kanazawa, Hoshinori</creator><creator>Kawai, Masahiko</creator><creator>Kinai, Takahiro</creator><creator>Iwanaga, Kougorou</creator><creator>Mima, Tatsuya</creator><creator>Heike, Toshio</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201408</creationdate><title>Cortical muscle control of spontaneous movements in human neonates</title><author>Kanazawa, Hoshinori ; Kawai, Masahiko ; Kinai, Takahiro ; Iwanaga, Kougorou ; Mima, Tatsuya ; Heike, Toshio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5972-243442b463c0abae80c0718bfbee7b8b32b759f1dc8c1ca197f8be29a2c499183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>coherence</topic><topic>Electroencephalography</topic><topic>Electromyography</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Granger causality</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Leg - innervation</topic><topic>Leg - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Motor Cortex - physiology</topic><topic>Movement - physiology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - innervation</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>neonate</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kanazawa, Hoshinori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawai, Masahiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinai, Takahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iwanaga, Kougorou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mima, Tatsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heike, Toshio</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kanazawa, Hoshinori</au><au>Kawai, Masahiko</au><au>Kinai, Takahiro</au><au>Iwanaga, Kougorou</au><au>Mima, Tatsuya</au><au>Heike, Toshio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cortical muscle control of spontaneous movements in human neonates</atitle><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Neurosci</addtitle><date>2014-08</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>2548</spage><epage>2553</epage><pages>2548-2553</pages><issn>0953-816X</issn><eissn>1460-9568</eissn><abstract>Anatomical studies show the existence of corticomotor neuronal projections to the spinal cord before birth, but whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonatal ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. To investigate this issue, we calculated corticomuscular coherence (CMC) and Granger causality in human neonates. CMC is widely used as an index of functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex and limb muscles, and Granger causality is used across many fields of science to detect the direction of coherence. To calculate CMC and Granger causality, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to measure activity over the cortical region that governs leg muscles, and surface electromyography (EMG) over the right and left tibialis anterior muscles, in 15 healthy term and preterm neonates, during spontaneous movements without any external stimulation. We found that 17 leg muscles (10 right, seven left) in 12 neonates showed significant CMC, whose magnitude significantly correlated with postnatal age only in the beta frequency band. Further analysis revealed Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG in 14 leg muscles. Our findings suggest that the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs. Moreover, the positive correlation between CMC magnitude and postnatal age suggests that corticomuscular communication begins to develop during the neonatal stage. This process may facilitate sensory‐motor integration and activity‐dependent development.
Whether the primary motor cortex drives muscle activity in neonate during ‘spontaneous’ movements is unclear. Here, we assessed functional connectivity (calculated by corticomuscular coherence) and its direction (estimated by Granger causality) between EEG on M1 and EMG on TA in 15 neonates during limb movements. We found not only significant corticomuscular coherence but also Granger causal drive from EEG to EMG. Our findings suggest that M1 drives muscle activity when neonates move their limbs.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>24827432</pmid><doi>10.1111/ejn.12612</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological and medical sciences coherence Electroencephalography Electromyography Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Granger causality Humans Infant, Newborn Leg - innervation Leg - physiology Male Motor Cortex - physiology Movement - physiology Muscle, Skeletal - innervation Muscle, Skeletal - physiology neonate Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs |
| title | Cortical muscle control of spontaneous movements in human neonates |
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