Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screening microscopy in the Fehmarn Belt Estuary
For 2 years, a baseline investigation was carried out to collect reference information of the present environmental status in the Fehmarn Belt and adjacent area. The temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton was monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screen...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental monitoring and assessment 2014-08, Vol.186 (8), p.5167-5184 |
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| creator | Schlüter, Louise Møhlenberg, Flemming Kaas, Hanne |
| description | For 2 years, a baseline investigation was carried out to collect reference information of the present environmental status in the Fehmarn Belt and adjacent area. The temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton was monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screening microscopy. The overall phytoplankton succession in the Fehmarn Belt area was found to be influenced primarily by the seasonal changes, where various diatoms dominated the spring and autumn blooms and flagellates like Chrysochromulina sp., Dictyocha speculum and various dinoflagellates were occasionally abundant in late spring and summer. The phytoplankton groups were remarkably uniform horizontally in the investigation area while large differences in both biomasses and composition of individual phytoplankton groups were seen vertically in the water column, especially in the summer periods, in which the two-layer exchange flow between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea is showing a particularly strong stratification in the Fehmarn Belt. The chlorophyll a concentrations ranged continuously from 1 to 3 μg/L at the three permanent buoy stations during the 2 years of monitoring, except for the spring and autumn blooms where chlorophyll a increased up to 18 μg/L in the spring of 2010 and up to 8 μg/L in the autumn of 2009. Recurrent blooms of filamentous cyanobacteria are common during the summer period in the Baltic Sea and adjacent areas, but excessive blooms of cyanobacteria did not occur in 2009 and 2010 in the Fehmarn Belt area. The combination of the HPLC pigment analysis method and monitoring buoys continuously measuring fluorescence at selected stations with fast screening of samples in the microscope proved advantageous for obtaining information on both the phytoplankton succession and dynamic and, at the same time, getting information on duration and intensity of the blooms as well as specific information on the dominant species present both temporally and spatially in the large Fehmarn Belt area. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10661-014-3767-9 |
| format | Article |
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The temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton was monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screening microscopy. The overall phytoplankton succession in the Fehmarn Belt area was found to be influenced primarily by the seasonal changes, where various diatoms dominated the spring and autumn blooms and flagellates like Chrysochromulina sp., Dictyocha speculum and various dinoflagellates were occasionally abundant in late spring and summer. The phytoplankton groups were remarkably uniform horizontally in the investigation area while large differences in both biomasses and composition of individual phytoplankton groups were seen vertically in the water column, especially in the summer periods, in which the two-layer exchange flow between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea is showing a particularly strong stratification in the Fehmarn Belt. The chlorophyll a concentrations ranged continuously from 1 to 3 μg/L at the three permanent buoy stations during the 2 years of monitoring, except for the spring and autumn blooms where chlorophyll a increased up to 18 μg/L in the spring of 2010 and up to 8 μg/L in the autumn of 2009. Recurrent blooms of filamentous cyanobacteria are common during the summer period in the Baltic Sea and adjacent areas, but excessive blooms of cyanobacteria did not occur in 2009 and 2010 in the Fehmarn Belt area. The combination of the HPLC pigment analysis method and monitoring buoys continuously measuring fluorescence at selected stations with fast screening of samples in the microscope proved advantageous for obtaining information on both the phytoplankton succession and dynamic and, at the same time, getting information on duration and intensity of the blooms as well as specific information on the dominant species present both temporally and spatially in the large Fehmarn Belt area.</description><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Automation</subject><subject>Autumn</subject><subject>Bacillariophyceae</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Buoys</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Chlorophyll - analysis</subject><subject>Chrysochromulina</subject><subject>Coasts</subject><subject>Cyanobacteria</subject><subject>Diatoms - growth & development</subject><subject>Dictyocha</subject><subject>Dictyocha speculum</subject><subject>Dinoflagellida - 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The temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton was monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screening microscopy. The overall phytoplankton succession in the Fehmarn Belt area was found to be influenced primarily by the seasonal changes, where various diatoms dominated the spring and autumn blooms and flagellates like Chrysochromulina sp., Dictyocha speculum and various dinoflagellates were occasionally abundant in late spring and summer. The phytoplankton groups were remarkably uniform horizontally in the investigation area while large differences in both biomasses and composition of individual phytoplankton groups were seen vertically in the water column, especially in the summer periods, in which the two-layer exchange flow between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea is showing a particularly strong stratification in the Fehmarn Belt. The chlorophyll a concentrations ranged continuously from 1 to 3 μg/L at the three permanent buoy stations during the 2 years of monitoring, except for the spring and autumn blooms where chlorophyll a increased up to 18 μg/L in the spring of 2010 and up to 8 μg/L in the autumn of 2009. Recurrent blooms of filamentous cyanobacteria are common during the summer period in the Baltic Sea and adjacent areas, but excessive blooms of cyanobacteria did not occur in 2009 and 2010 in the Fehmarn Belt area. The combination of the HPLC pigment analysis method and monitoring buoys continuously measuring fluorescence at selected stations with fast screening of samples in the microscope proved advantageous for obtaining information on both the phytoplankton succession and dynamic and, at the same time, getting information on duration and intensity of the blooms as well as specific information on the dominant species present both temporally and spatially in the large Fehmarn Belt area.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>24788839</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10661-014-3767-9</doi><tpages>18</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Automation Autumn Bacillariophyceae Biomass Buoys Chlorophyll Chlorophyll - analysis Chrysochromulina Coasts Cyanobacteria Diatoms - growth & development Dictyocha Dictyocha speculum Dinoflagellida - growth & development Dominant species Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Management Environmental monitoring Environmental Monitoring - methods Estuaries fluorescence high performance liquid chromatography Liquid chromatography Microscopy monitoring Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Oceans and Seas Phytoplankton Phytoplankton - classification Phytoplankton - growth & development Pigments Plankton Salinity screening seasonal variation Seasons Spring Studies Summer Trends Water column Water Pollutants - analysis Water Pollution - analysis Water Pollution - statistics & numerical data Water quality |
| title | Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton monitored by a combination of monitoring buoys, pigment analysis and fast screening microscopy in the Fehmarn Belt Estuary |
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