Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: A randomized controlled trial
Abstract Objective The cholesterol-lowering effects of garlic as part of a healthy diet remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conduc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2014-09, Vol.30 (9), p.1034-1039 |
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| creator | Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D |
| description | Abstract Objective The cholesterol-lowering effects of garlic as part of a healthy diet remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive either ABG or placebo twice daily (total 6 g/d) before consumption of a meal every morning and evening for 12 wk. During the study, two participants dropped out of the ABG group, and three participants dropped out of the placebo group. Thus, the effects of AGB on fasting blood levels of lipids were evaluated in 28 participants and compared with the placebo group (n = 27). Results Among lipid components, no significant differences in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, or free fatty acid levels were observed between the two groups. However, ABG increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the placebo group at the end of the study. Moreover, a significant decrease in the levels of alipoprotein B and a significant increase in the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/alipoprotein B were observed in the ABG group. No adverse effects were reported in any of the patients. Conclusion ABG supplementation reduced atherogenic markers and thus may have a cardioprotective effect beyond the gold standard medication in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.014 |
| format | Article |
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The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive either ABG or placebo twice daily (total 6 g/d) before consumption of a meal every morning and evening for 12 wk. During the study, two participants dropped out of the ABG group, and three participants dropped out of the placebo group. Thus, the effects of AGB on fasting blood levels of lipids were evaluated in 28 participants and compared with the placebo group (n = 27). Results Among lipid components, no significant differences in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, or free fatty acid levels were observed between the two groups. However, ABG increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the placebo group at the end of the study. Moreover, a significant decrease in the levels of alipoprotein B and a significant increase in the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/alipoprotein B were observed in the ABG group. No adverse effects were reported in any of the patients. Conclusion ABG supplementation reduced atherogenic markers and thus may have a cardioprotective effect beyond the gold standard medication in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0899-9007</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-1244</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.014</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24976429</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NUTRER</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Anticholesteremic Agents - pharmacology ; Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use ; Apolipoproteins B - blood ; Aqueous extraction ; Atherogenic marker ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL - blood ; Cholesterol, LDL - blood ; Clinical trial ; Dietary Supplements ; Double-Blind Method ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Garlic ; Gastroenterology and Hepatology ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia - blood ; Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy ; Lipids ; Lipids - blood ; Low density lipoprotein ; Male ; Metabolic disorders ; Middle Aged ; Plant Preparations - pharmacology ; Plant Preparations - therapeutic use ; Triglycerides - blood ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><ispartof>Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2014-09, Vol.30 (9), p.1034-1039</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Sep 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-116bfb338b2f7e6157898f267edd8922c860d9b961e2ffa7e9c41b4317ab20af3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-116bfb338b2f7e6157898f267edd8922c860d9b961e2ffa7e9c41b4317ab20af3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1551172165?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976,64364,64366,64368,72218</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28747122$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24976429$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><title>Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: A randomized controlled trial</title><title>Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)</title><addtitle>Nutrition</addtitle><description>Abstract Objective The cholesterol-lowering effects of garlic as part of a healthy diet remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive either ABG or placebo twice daily (total 6 g/d) before consumption of a meal every morning and evening for 12 wk. During the study, two participants dropped out of the ABG group, and three participants dropped out of the placebo group. Thus, the effects of AGB on fasting blood levels of lipids were evaluated in 28 participants and compared with the placebo group (n = 27). Results Among lipid components, no significant differences in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, or free fatty acid levels were observed between the two groups. However, ABG increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the placebo group at the end of the study. Moreover, a significant decrease in the levels of alipoprotein B and a significant increase in the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/alipoprotein B were observed in the ABG group. No adverse effects were reported in any of the patients. Conclusion ABG supplementation reduced atherogenic markers and thus may have a cardioprotective effect beyond the gold standard medication in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Anticholesteremic Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Apolipoproteins B - blood</subject><subject>Aqueous extraction</subject><subject>Atherogenic marker</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</subject><subject>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</subject><subject>Clinical trial</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements</subject><subject>Double-Blind Method</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Garlic</subject><subject>Gastroenterology and Hepatology</subject><subject>Hospitalization</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypercholesterolemia - blood</subject><subject>Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Lipids - blood</subject><subject>Low density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Plant Preparations - pharmacology</subject><subject>Plant Preparations - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Triglycerides - blood</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>0899-9007</issn><issn>1873-1244</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kl2L1DAUhoMo7rj6A7yRgAjetOaknaZxQVgWv2BB8OM6pMnpkpm0qUmrjL_elJl1YS-8OoE878nJeV9CngMrgUHzZleOy1xyBnXJeJnLA7KBVlQF8Lp-SDaslbKQjIkz8iSlHWMMZCMfkzNeS9HUXG5I_Ip2MbMLIw097XwIlno3OUsnHfWAM8ZEuwPVFHjxe0_TMk0eBxxnfSvSN2izUps9vdHRO_OWXtKoRxsG9ydfmTDOMXifj3N02j8lj3rtEz471XPy48P771efiusvHz9fXV4XZls1cwHQdH1XVW3He4ENbEUr2543Aq1tJeembZiVnWwAed9rgdLU0NUVCN1xpvvqnLw-9p1i-LlgmtXgkkHv9YhhSQq2W14JqLnI6Mt76C4scczTrRSA4NBsMwVHysSQUsReTdENOh4UMLUaonYqG6JWQxTjKpeseXHqvHQD2n-KWwcy8OoE6GS07_PijEt3XCtqAZxn7uLIYV7ZL4dRJeNwNGhdRDMrG9x_x3h3T228G11-cI8HTHe_VSkL1Lc1OWtwoM6ZAQnVXyLuvMU</recordid><startdate>20140901</startdate><enddate>20140901</enddate><creator>Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S</creator><creator>Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S</creator><creator>Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D</creator><creator>Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D</creator><creator>Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D</creator><creator>Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D</creator><creator>Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D</creator><creator>Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ASE</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FPQ</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K6X</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140901</creationdate><title>Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: A randomized controlled trial</title><author>Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S ; Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S ; Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D ; Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D ; Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D ; Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D ; Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D ; Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-116bfb338b2f7e6157898f267edd8922c860d9b961e2ffa7e9c41b4317ab20af3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anticholesteremic Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Apolipoproteins B - blood</topic><topic>Aqueous extraction</topic><topic>Atherogenic marker</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Cholesterol, HDL - blood</topic><topic>Cholesterol, LDL - blood</topic><topic>Clinical trial</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements</topic><topic>Double-Blind Method</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Garlic</topic><topic>Gastroenterology and Hepatology</topic><topic>Hospitalization</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypercholesterolemia - blood</topic><topic>Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Lipids - blood</topic><topic>Low density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Plant Preparations - pharmacology</topic><topic>Plant Preparations - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Triglycerides - blood</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>British Nursing Index (BNI) (1985 to Present)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jung, Eun-Soo, M.S</au><au>Park, Soo-Hyun, M.S</au><au>Choi, Eun-Kyung, M.D</au><au>Ryu, Beun-Ho, Ph.D</au><au>Park, Byung-Hyun, M.D., Ph.D</au><au>Kim, Dal-Sik, M.D., Ph.D</au><au>Kim, Young-Gon, M.D., Ph.D</au><au>Chae, Soo-Wan, M.D., Ph.D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: A randomized controlled trial</atitle><jtitle>Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrition</addtitle><date>2014-09-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>1034</spage><epage>1039</epage><pages>1034-1039</pages><issn>0899-9007</issn><eissn>1873-1244</eissn><coden>NUTRER</coden><abstract>Abstract Objective The cholesterol-lowering effects of garlic as part of a healthy diet remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with aged black garlic (ABG) could improve blood lipid profiles in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia. Methods We conducted a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to receive either ABG or placebo twice daily (total 6 g/d) before consumption of a meal every morning and evening for 12 wk. During the study, two participants dropped out of the ABG group, and three participants dropped out of the placebo group. Thus, the effects of AGB on fasting blood levels of lipids were evaluated in 28 participants and compared with the placebo group (n = 27). Results Among lipid components, no significant differences in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, or free fatty acid levels were observed between the two groups. However, ABG increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with the placebo group at the end of the study. Moreover, a significant decrease in the levels of alipoprotein B and a significant increase in the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/alipoprotein B were observed in the ABG group. No adverse effects were reported in any of the patients. Conclusion ABG supplementation reduced atherogenic markers and thus may have a cardioprotective effect beyond the gold standard medication in patients with mild hypercholesterolemia.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>24976429</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.014</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Anticholesteremic Agents - pharmacology Anticholesteremic Agents - therapeutic use Apolipoproteins B - blood Aqueous extraction Atherogenic marker Biological and medical sciences Blood Cholesterol Cholesterol, HDL - blood Cholesterol, LDL - blood Clinical trial Dietary Supplements Double-Blind Method Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Garlic Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hospitalization Humans Hypercholesterolemia - blood Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy Lipids Lipids - blood Low density lipoprotein Male Metabolic disorders Middle Aged Plant Preparations - pharmacology Plant Preparations - therapeutic use Triglycerides - blood Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
| title | Reduction of blood lipid parameters by a 12-wk supplementation of aged black garlic: A randomized controlled trial |
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