Context dependency of rewards and services in an Indian ant–plant interaction: southern sites favour the mutualism between plants and ants
Protection-based ant–plant mutualisms may vary in strength due to differences in ant rewards, abundance of protective ants and herbivory pressure. We investigated geographical and temporal variation in host plant traits and herbivory pressure at five sites spanning the distribution range of the myrm...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of tropical ecology 2014-05, Vol.30 (3), p.219-229 |
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| creator | Chanam, Joyshree Kasinathan, Srinivasan Pramanik, Gautam K. Jagdeesh, Amaraja Joshi, Kanchan A. Borges, Renee M. |
| description | Protection-based ant–plant mutualisms may vary in strength due to differences in ant rewards, abundance of protective ants and herbivory pressure. We investigated geographical and temporal variation in host plant traits and herbivory pressure at five sites spanning the distribution range of the myrmecophyte Humboldtia brunonis (Fabaceae) in the Indian Western Ghats. Southern sites had, on average, 2.4 times greater abundance of domatia-bearing individuals, 1.6 times greater extrafloral nectary numbers per leaf, 1.2 times larger extrafloral nectary sizes, 2.2 times greater extrafloral nectar (EFN) volumes and a two-fold increase in total amino acid and total sugar concentrations in EFN compared with northern sites. A strong protection-based mutualism with ants occurred at only one southern site where herbivory was highest, suggesting that investments in attracting ants correlate with anti-herbivore benefits gained from the presence of protective ants. Our results confirm a temporally stable north–south gradient in myrmecophytic traits in this ant-plant as several of these traits were re-sampled after a 5-y interval. However, the chemical composition of EFN varied at both spatial and short-term temporal scales suggesting that only repeated measurements of rewards such as EFN can reveal the real spectrum of trait variation in an ant–plant mutualistic system. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S026646741400011X |
| format | Article |
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We investigated geographical and temporal variation in host plant traits and herbivory pressure at five sites spanning the distribution range of the myrmecophyte Humboldtia brunonis (Fabaceae) in the Indian Western Ghats. Southern sites had, on average, 2.4 times greater abundance of domatia-bearing individuals, 1.6 times greater extrafloral nectary numbers per leaf, 1.2 times larger extrafloral nectary sizes, 2.2 times greater extrafloral nectar (EFN) volumes and a two-fold increase in total amino acid and total sugar concentrations in EFN compared with northern sites. A strong protection-based mutualism with ants occurred at only one southern site where herbivory was highest, suggesting that investments in attracting ants correlate with anti-herbivore benefits gained from the presence of protective ants. Our results confirm a temporally stable north–south gradient in myrmecophytic traits in this ant-plant as several of these traits were re-sampled after a 5-y interval. However, the chemical composition of EFN varied at both spatial and short-term temporal scales suggesting that only repeated measurements of rewards such as EFN can reveal the real spectrum of trait variation in an ant–plant mutualistic system.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0266-4674</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7831</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S026646741400011X</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JTECEQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Amino sugars ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal populations ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Ants ; Beneficial insects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Ecology ; Fabaceae ; Formicidae ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Geographical variation ; Herbivores ; Herbivory ; Insect ecology ; Insects ; Mutualism ; Nectar ; Nectaries ; Phytophagous insects ; Plant populations ; Synecology ; Terrestrial ecosystems</subject><ispartof>Journal of tropical ecology, 2014-05, Vol.30 (3), p.219-229</ispartof><rights>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014</rights><rights>Cambridge University Press 2014</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-cd7c2da520652c294fb95908c801e0cec61eb65e52eb9ee1c431e1f3a98b58ea3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-cd7c2da520652c294fb95908c801e0cec61eb65e52eb9ee1c431e1f3a98b58ea3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/43831717$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S026646741400011X/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,314,777,781,800,27905,27906,55609,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28394864$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chanam, Joyshree</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasinathan, Srinivasan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pramanik, Gautam K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jagdeesh, Amaraja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joshi, Kanchan A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borges, Renee M.</creatorcontrib><title>Context dependency of rewards and services in an Indian ant–plant interaction: southern sites favour the mutualism between plants and ants</title><title>Journal of tropical ecology</title><addtitle>J. Trop. Ecol</addtitle><description>Protection-based ant–plant mutualisms may vary in strength due to differences in ant rewards, abundance of protective ants and herbivory pressure. We investigated geographical and temporal variation in host plant traits and herbivory pressure at five sites spanning the distribution range of the myrmecophyte Humboldtia brunonis (Fabaceae) in the Indian Western Ghats. Southern sites had, on average, 2.4 times greater abundance of domatia-bearing individuals, 1.6 times greater extrafloral nectary numbers per leaf, 1.2 times larger extrafloral nectary sizes, 2.2 times greater extrafloral nectar (EFN) volumes and a two-fold increase in total amino acid and total sugar concentrations in EFN compared with northern sites. A strong protection-based mutualism with ants occurred at only one southern site where herbivory was highest, suggesting that investments in attracting ants correlate with anti-herbivore benefits gained from the presence of protective ants. Our results confirm a temporally stable north–south gradient in myrmecophytic traits in this ant-plant as several of these traits were re-sampled after a 5-y interval. However, the chemical composition of EFN varied at both spatial and short-term temporal scales suggesting that only repeated measurements of rewards such as EFN can reveal the real spectrum of trait variation in an ant–plant mutualistic system.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Amino sugars</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal populations</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Ants</subject><subject>Beneficial insects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Fabaceae</subject><subject>Formicidae</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Geographical variation</subject><subject>Herbivores</subject><subject>Herbivory</subject><subject>Insect ecology</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Mutualism</subject><subject>Nectar</subject><subject>Nectaries</subject><subject>Phytophagous insects</subject><subject>Plant populations</subject><subject>Synecology</subject><subject>Terrestrial ecosystems</subject><issn>0266-4674</issn><issn>1469-7831</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc2KFDEQxxtRcFx9AA9CQAQvral8dcebDOu6sOBBBW9NOl2tGbqTMUnvx80H8OYb-iSmnWERxVNV6v_7V1WoqnoM9AVQaF6-p0wpoRoBglIK8OlOtQGhdN20HO5Wm1WuV_1-9SClXWG0lHxTfd8Gn_E6kwH36Af09oaEkUS8MnFIxPiBJIyXzmIizpc3OfeDM2uWf377sZ9KLELGaGx2wb8iKSz5C0ZPksvFNJrLsERSSmRe8mIml2bSY75C9OS3_TBlTR5W90YzJXx0jCfVxzenH7Zv64t3Z-fb1xe1FZTl2g6NZYORjCrJLNNi7LXUtLUtBaQWrQLslUTJsNeIYAUHhJEb3fayRcNPqueHvvsYvi6Ycje7ZHEq22BYUgdSggLOFC3o07_QXfmOL9sVClpgWlJeKDhQNoaUIo7dPrrZxJsOaLfep_vnPsXz7NjZJGumMRpvXbo1spZr0SpRuCcHbpdyiLe64OWwDTRF58fZZu6jGz7jHyv-d_ovQPOsAQ</recordid><startdate>20140501</startdate><enddate>20140501</enddate><creator>Chanam, Joyshree</creator><creator>Kasinathan, Srinivasan</creator><creator>Pramanik, Gautam K.</creator><creator>Jagdeesh, Amaraja</creator><creator>Joshi, Kanchan A.</creator><creator>Borges, Renee M.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140501</creationdate><title>Context dependency of rewards and services in an Indian ant–plant interaction: southern sites favour the mutualism between plants and ants</title><author>Chanam, Joyshree ; Kasinathan, Srinivasan ; Pramanik, Gautam K. ; Jagdeesh, Amaraja ; Joshi, Kanchan A. ; Borges, Renee M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c402t-cd7c2da520652c294fb95908c801e0cec61eb65e52eb9ee1c431e1f3a98b58ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Amino sugars</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal populations</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Ants</topic><topic>Beneficial insects</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Fabaceae</topic><topic>Formicidae</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Trop. Ecol</addtitle><date>2014-05-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>219</spage><epage>229</epage><pages>219-229</pages><issn>0266-4674</issn><eissn>1469-7831</eissn><coden>JTECEQ</coden><abstract>Protection-based ant–plant mutualisms may vary in strength due to differences in ant rewards, abundance of protective ants and herbivory pressure. We investigated geographical and temporal variation in host plant traits and herbivory pressure at five sites spanning the distribution range of the myrmecophyte Humboldtia brunonis (Fabaceae) in the Indian Western Ghats. Southern sites had, on average, 2.4 times greater abundance of domatia-bearing individuals, 1.6 times greater extrafloral nectary numbers per leaf, 1.2 times larger extrafloral nectary sizes, 2.2 times greater extrafloral nectar (EFN) volumes and a two-fold increase in total amino acid and total sugar concentrations in EFN compared with northern sites. A strong protection-based mutualism with ants occurred at only one southern site where herbivory was highest, suggesting that investments in attracting ants correlate with anti-herbivore benefits gained from the presence of protective ants. Our results confirm a temporally stable north–south gradient in myrmecophytic traits in this ant-plant as several of these traits were re-sampled after a 5-y interval. However, the chemical composition of EFN varied at both spatial and short-term temporal scales suggesting that only repeated measurements of rewards such as EFN can reveal the real spectrum of trait variation in an ant–plant mutualistic system.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S026646741400011X</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of tropical ecology, 2014-05, Vol.30 (3), p.219-229 |
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| subjects | Amino acids Amino sugars Animal and plant ecology Animal populations Animal, plant and microbial ecology Ants Beneficial insects Biological and medical sciences Ecology Fabaceae Formicidae Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Geographical variation Herbivores Herbivory Insect ecology Insects Mutualism Nectar Nectaries Phytophagous insects Plant populations Synecology Terrestrial ecosystems |
| title | Context dependency of rewards and services in an Indian ant–plant interaction: southern sites favour the mutualism between plants and ants |
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