Enteric hyperoxaluria secondary to small bowel resection: use of computer simulation to characterize urinary risk factors for stone formation and assess potential treatment protocols
We used computer modeling to investigate the influence of physicochemical stone risk factors on urinary supersaturation (SS) of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in patients with severe hyperoxaluria, relative hypocalciuria, hypocitraturia, and CaOx nephrolithiasis after extensive small bowel resection, usuall...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of endourology 2014-08, Vol.28 (8), p.985-994 |
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description | We used computer modeling to investigate the influence of physicochemical stone risk factors on urinary supersaturation (SS) of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in patients with severe hyperoxaluria, relative hypocalciuria, hypocitraturia, and CaOx nephrolithiasis after extensive small bowel resection, usually performed for Crohn's disease. We also simulated different treatment strategies, including oral calcium supplements and citrate, in such patients.
A baseline urine model was derived by consolidating data acquired by ourselves with those from another patient cohort. Calcium and oxalate excretions in this model were altered to obtain an extreme case. For comparison, additional models were based on published urine data from normal subjects (N) and idiopathic CaOx stone formers (SF). The Joint Expert Speciation System was used to simulate different urine situations based on reported compositional values.
[Ca(2+)][Ox(2-)] ionic concentration products and SS(CaOx) are substantially higher in enteric hyperoxaluric patients than in N and SF, despite their relatively lower calcium excretions. Molar Ca:Ox ratios are substantially lower in enteric hyperoxalurics than in N and SF. Oral calcium supplements can reduce SS(CaOx), but monitoring is required to avoid exceeding a safe dosing threshold. A simple calculation can alert the clinician that this threshold is being approached or even exceeded. Increasing urinary pH and citrate decreases SS(CaOx) but not to the same extent as decreasing Ox excretion.
Calcium supplements can help reduce stone risk in patients with severe enteric hyperoxaluria, but initial efforts should be directed toward reducing urinary oxalate by reducing dietary oxalate. Citrate therapy that increases both urine pH and urinary citrate provides an additional therapeutic benefit. |
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A baseline urine model was derived by consolidating data acquired by ourselves with those from another patient cohort. Calcium and oxalate excretions in this model were altered to obtain an extreme case. For comparison, additional models were based on published urine data from normal subjects (N) and idiopathic CaOx stone formers (SF). The Joint Expert Speciation System was used to simulate different urine situations based on reported compositional values.
[Ca(2+)][Ox(2-)] ionic concentration products and SS(CaOx) are substantially higher in enteric hyperoxaluric patients than in N and SF, despite their relatively lower calcium excretions. Molar Ca:Ox ratios are substantially lower in enteric hyperoxalurics than in N and SF. Oral calcium supplements can reduce SS(CaOx), but monitoring is required to avoid exceeding a safe dosing threshold. A simple calculation can alert the clinician that this threshold is being approached or even exceeded. Increasing urinary pH and citrate decreases SS(CaOx) but not to the same extent as decreasing Ox excretion.
Calcium supplements can help reduce stone risk in patients with severe enteric hyperoxaluria, but initial efforts should be directed toward reducing urinary oxalate by reducing dietary oxalate. Citrate therapy that increases both urine pH and urinary citrate provides an additional therapeutic benefit.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0892-7790</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-900X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/end.2014.0077</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24773381</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States</publisher><subject>Calcium Oxalate - urine ; Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage ; Chelating Agents - administration & dosage ; Citric Acid - therapeutic use ; Citric Acid - urine ; Clinical Protocols ; Computer Simulation ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperoxaluria - complications ; Hyperoxaluria - urine ; Intestine, Small - surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrolithiasis - etiology ; Nephrolithiasis - therapy ; Nephrolithiasis - urine ; Oxalates - urine ; Postoperative Complications - therapy ; Postoperative Complications - urine ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Calculi - chemistry ; Urinary Calculi - etiology ; Urinary Calculi - therapy ; Urinary Calculi - urine</subject><ispartof>Journal of endourology, 2014-08, Vol.28 (8), p.985-994</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c318t-8bb08069fa253fd214acb67459568342f81381ea051e22e601c0f78a2d51fbc23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c318t-8bb08069fa253fd214acb67459568342f81381ea051e22e601c0f78a2d51fbc23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24773381$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rodgers, Allen L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allie-Hamdulay, Shameez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Graham E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sutton, Roger A L</creatorcontrib><title>Enteric hyperoxaluria secondary to small bowel resection: use of computer simulation to characterize urinary risk factors for stone formation and assess potential treatment protocols</title><title>Journal of endourology</title><addtitle>J Endourol</addtitle><description>We used computer modeling to investigate the influence of physicochemical stone risk factors on urinary supersaturation (SS) of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in patients with severe hyperoxaluria, relative hypocalciuria, hypocitraturia, and CaOx nephrolithiasis after extensive small bowel resection, usually performed for Crohn's disease. We also simulated different treatment strategies, including oral calcium supplements and citrate, in such patients.
A baseline urine model was derived by consolidating data acquired by ourselves with those from another patient cohort. Calcium and oxalate excretions in this model were altered to obtain an extreme case. For comparison, additional models were based on published urine data from normal subjects (N) and idiopathic CaOx stone formers (SF). The Joint Expert Speciation System was used to simulate different urine situations based on reported compositional values.
[Ca(2+)][Ox(2-)] ionic concentration products and SS(CaOx) are substantially higher in enteric hyperoxaluric patients than in N and SF, despite their relatively lower calcium excretions. Molar Ca:Ox ratios are substantially lower in enteric hyperoxalurics than in N and SF. Oral calcium supplements can reduce SS(CaOx), but monitoring is required to avoid exceeding a safe dosing threshold. A simple calculation can alert the clinician that this threshold is being approached or even exceeded. Increasing urinary pH and citrate decreases SS(CaOx) but not to the same extent as decreasing Ox excretion.
Calcium supplements can help reduce stone risk in patients with severe enteric hyperoxaluria, but initial efforts should be directed toward reducing urinary oxalate by reducing dietary oxalate. Citrate therapy that increases both urine pH and urinary citrate provides an additional therapeutic benefit.</description><subject>Calcium Oxalate - urine</subject><subject>Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Chelating Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Citric Acid - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Citric Acid - urine</subject><subject>Clinical Protocols</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperoxaluria - complications</subject><subject>Hyperoxaluria - urine</subject><subject>Intestine, Small - surgery</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nephrolithiasis - etiology</subject><subject>Nephrolithiasis - therapy</subject><subject>Nephrolithiasis - urine</subject><subject>Oxalates - urine</subject><subject>Postoperative Complications - therapy</subject><subject>Postoperative Complications - urine</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Urinary Calculi - chemistry</subject><subject>Urinary Calculi - etiology</subject><subject>Urinary Calculi - therapy</subject><subject>Urinary Calculi - urine</subject><issn>0892-7790</issn><issn>1557-900X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kc1u1TAQhS0EopfCki3ykk0uYzuJE3aoagGpEhuQuoscZ6wGHDt4HNH2wfp8OLqFlX_OOZ_lOYy9FXAU0PUfMExHCaI-Amj9jB1E0-iqB7h5zg5Fl5XWPZyxV0Q_AYRqhXrJzmSttVKdOLDHy5AxzZbf3q-Y4p3xW5oNJ7QxTCbd8xw5LcZ7PsY_6HnCIuU5ho98I-TRcRuXdSsMTvOyebNre8jemmTszn5AXphhh6WZfnFXrmMi7mLJ5Bhw3y2noAkTN0RIxNeYMeTZeJ4TmryUA19TzNFGT6_ZC2c84Zun9Zz9uLr8fvGluv72-evFp-vKKtHlqhtH6KDtnZGNcpMUtbFjq-umb9pO1dJ1okwBDTQCpcQWhAWnOyOnRrjRSnXO3p-45eXfG1Ielpksem8Cxo2GMm0Bsq6FKtbqZLUpEiV0w5rmpfx6EDDsVQ2lqmGvatirKv53T-htXHD67_7XjfoLnhyVHg</recordid><startdate>20140801</startdate><enddate>20140801</enddate><creator>Rodgers, Allen L</creator><creator>Allie-Hamdulay, Shameez</creator><creator>Jackson, Graham E</creator><creator>Sutton, Roger A L</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140801</creationdate><title>Enteric hyperoxaluria secondary to small bowel resection: use of computer simulation to characterize urinary risk factors for stone formation and assess potential treatment protocols</title><author>Rodgers, Allen L ; Allie-Hamdulay, Shameez ; Jackson, Graham E ; Sutton, Roger A L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c318t-8bb08069fa253fd214acb67459568342f81381ea051e22e601c0f78a2d51fbc23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Calcium Oxalate - urine</topic><topic>Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Chelating Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Citric Acid - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Citric Acid - urine</topic><topic>Clinical Protocols</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperoxaluria - complications</topic><topic>Hyperoxaluria - urine</topic><topic>Intestine, Small - surgery</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nephrolithiasis - etiology</topic><topic>Nephrolithiasis - therapy</topic><topic>Nephrolithiasis - urine</topic><topic>Oxalates - urine</topic><topic>Postoperative Complications - therapy</topic><topic>Postoperative Complications - urine</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Urinary Calculi - chemistry</topic><topic>Urinary Calculi - etiology</topic><topic>Urinary Calculi - therapy</topic><topic>Urinary Calculi - urine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rodgers, Allen L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allie-Hamdulay, Shameez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jackson, Graham E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sutton, Roger A L</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of endourology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rodgers, Allen L</au><au>Allie-Hamdulay, Shameez</au><au>Jackson, Graham E</au><au>Sutton, Roger A L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Enteric hyperoxaluria secondary to small bowel resection: use of computer simulation to characterize urinary risk factors for stone formation and assess potential treatment protocols</atitle><jtitle>Journal of endourology</jtitle><addtitle>J Endourol</addtitle><date>2014-08-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>985</spage><epage>994</epage><pages>985-994</pages><issn>0892-7790</issn><eissn>1557-900X</eissn><abstract>We used computer modeling to investigate the influence of physicochemical stone risk factors on urinary supersaturation (SS) of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in patients with severe hyperoxaluria, relative hypocalciuria, hypocitraturia, and CaOx nephrolithiasis after extensive small bowel resection, usually performed for Crohn's disease. We also simulated different treatment strategies, including oral calcium supplements and citrate, in such patients.
A baseline urine model was derived by consolidating data acquired by ourselves with those from another patient cohort. Calcium and oxalate excretions in this model were altered to obtain an extreme case. For comparison, additional models were based on published urine data from normal subjects (N) and idiopathic CaOx stone formers (SF). The Joint Expert Speciation System was used to simulate different urine situations based on reported compositional values.
[Ca(2+)][Ox(2-)] ionic concentration products and SS(CaOx) are substantially higher in enteric hyperoxaluric patients than in N and SF, despite their relatively lower calcium excretions. Molar Ca:Ox ratios are substantially lower in enteric hyperoxalurics than in N and SF. Oral calcium supplements can reduce SS(CaOx), but monitoring is required to avoid exceeding a safe dosing threshold. A simple calculation can alert the clinician that this threshold is being approached or even exceeded. Increasing urinary pH and citrate decreases SS(CaOx) but not to the same extent as decreasing Ox excretion.
Calcium supplements can help reduce stone risk in patients with severe enteric hyperoxaluria, but initial efforts should be directed toward reducing urinary oxalate by reducing dietary oxalate. Citrate therapy that increases both urine pH and urinary citrate provides an additional therapeutic benefit.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pmid>24773381</pmid><doi>10.1089/end.2014.0077</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Calcium Oxalate - urine Calcium, Dietary - administration & dosage Chelating Agents - administration & dosage Citric Acid - therapeutic use Citric Acid - urine Clinical Protocols Computer Simulation Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted - methods Diet Female Humans Hyperoxaluria - complications Hyperoxaluria - urine Intestine, Small - surgery Male Middle Aged Nephrolithiasis - etiology Nephrolithiasis - therapy Nephrolithiasis - urine Oxalates - urine Postoperative Complications - therapy Postoperative Complications - urine Risk Factors Urinary Calculi - chemistry Urinary Calculi - etiology Urinary Calculi - therapy Urinary Calculi - urine |
title | Enteric hyperoxaluria secondary to small bowel resection: use of computer simulation to characterize urinary risk factors for stone formation and assess potential treatment protocols |
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