Attention and inhibition in children with ASD, ADHD and co-morbid ASD + ADHD: an event-related potential study
Substantial overlap has been reported between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deficits in executive function (EF) are characteristic of both disorders but these impairments have not been compared directly across pure and co-morbid cases using event...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Psychological medicine 2014-04, Vol.44 (5), p.1101-1116 |
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description | Substantial overlap has been reported between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deficits in executive function (EF) are characteristic of both disorders but these impairments have not been compared directly across pure and co-morbid cases using event-related potentials (ERPs).
Behavioural parameters and ERPs were recorded during a flankered cued-continuous performance test (CPT-OX) administered to 8-13-year-old boys with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), co-morbid ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TD; n = 26). Preparatory processing (contingent negative variation, CNV) and attentional orienting (Cue-P3) at cues, response execution at targets (Go-P3), inhibitory processing at non-targets (NoGo-P3) and conflict monitoring between target and non-target trials (Go-N2 v. NoGo-N2) were examined.
Categorical diagnoses and quantitative trait measures indicated that participants with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) made more omission errors and exhibited increased reaction-time (RT) variability and reduced amplitude of the Cue-P3 and NoGo-P3 compared to TD/ASD participants. Participants with ASD (ASD/ ASD + ADHD) demonstrated reduced N2 enhancement from Go to NoGo trials compared to TD/ADHD participants. Participants with ASD-only displayed enhanced CNV amplitude compared to ASD + ADHD and TD participants.
Children with ADHD show deficits in attentional orienting and inhibitory control whereas children with ASD show abnormalities in conflict monitoring and response preparation. Children with co-morbid ASD + ADHD present as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although non-additive effects are suggested for response preparation. Measuring ERPs that index attention and inhibition is useful in disentangling cognitive markers of ASD and ADHD and elucidating the basis of co-occurring ASD + ADHD to guide clinical assessment. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0033291713001049 |
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Behavioural parameters and ERPs were recorded during a flankered cued-continuous performance test (CPT-OX) administered to 8-13-year-old boys with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), co-morbid ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TD; n = 26). Preparatory processing (contingent negative variation, CNV) and attentional orienting (Cue-P3) at cues, response execution at targets (Go-P3), inhibitory processing at non-targets (NoGo-P3) and conflict monitoring between target and non-target trials (Go-N2 v. NoGo-N2) were examined.
Categorical diagnoses and quantitative trait measures indicated that participants with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) made more omission errors and exhibited increased reaction-time (RT) variability and reduced amplitude of the Cue-P3 and NoGo-P3 compared to TD/ASD participants. Participants with ASD (ASD/ ASD + ADHD) demonstrated reduced N2 enhancement from Go to NoGo trials compared to TD/ADHD participants. Participants with ASD-only displayed enhanced CNV amplitude compared to ASD + ADHD and TD participants.
Children with ADHD show deficits in attentional orienting and inhibitory control whereas children with ASD show abnormalities in conflict monitoring and response preparation. Children with co-morbid ASD + ADHD present as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although non-additive effects are suggested for response preparation. Measuring ERPs that index attention and inhibition is useful in disentangling cognitive markers of ASD and ADHD and elucidating the basis of co-occurring ASD + ADHD to guide clinical assessment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0033-2917</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-8978</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0033291713001049</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23673307</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PSMDCO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Attention - physiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology ; Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Autism ; Autistic spectrum disorders ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child clinical studies ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - epidemiology ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology ; Child psychology ; Children ; Comorbidity ; Contingent Negative Variation - physiology ; Event related brain potentials ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 - physiology ; Evoked Potentials - physiology ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Inhibition ; Inhibition (Psychology) ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Morbidity ; Original Articles ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychomotor Performance - physiology ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><ispartof>Psychological medicine, 2014-04, Vol.44 (5), p.1101-1116</ispartof><rights>Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-58ecc5c678e179adbcb1e7355ca0167acdb2382eff1ba3e3bcca2e1106e76bc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-58ecc5c678e179adbcb1e7355ca0167acdb2382eff1ba3e3bcca2e1106e76bc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033291713001049/type/journal_article$$EHTML$$P50$$Gcambridge$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>164,314,780,784,12845,27923,27924,30998,30999,55627</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28269108$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23673307$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tye, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asherson, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ashwood, K. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Azadi, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolton, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McLoughlin, G.</creatorcontrib><title>Attention and inhibition in children with ASD, ADHD and co-morbid ASD + ADHD: an event-related potential study</title><title>Psychological medicine</title><addtitle>Psychol. Med</addtitle><description>Substantial overlap has been reported between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deficits in executive function (EF) are characteristic of both disorders but these impairments have not been compared directly across pure and co-morbid cases using event-related potentials (ERPs).
Behavioural parameters and ERPs were recorded during a flankered cued-continuous performance test (CPT-OX) administered to 8-13-year-old boys with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), co-morbid ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TD; n = 26). Preparatory processing (contingent negative variation, CNV) and attentional orienting (Cue-P3) at cues, response execution at targets (Go-P3), inhibitory processing at non-targets (NoGo-P3) and conflict monitoring between target and non-target trials (Go-N2 v. NoGo-N2) were examined.
Categorical diagnoses and quantitative trait measures indicated that participants with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) made more omission errors and exhibited increased reaction-time (RT) variability and reduced amplitude of the Cue-P3 and NoGo-P3 compared to TD/ASD participants. Participants with ASD (ASD/ ASD + ADHD) demonstrated reduced N2 enhancement from Go to NoGo trials compared to TD/ADHD participants. Participants with ASD-only displayed enhanced CNV amplitude compared to ASD + ADHD and TD participants.
Children with ADHD show deficits in attentional orienting and inhibitory control whereas children with ASD show abnormalities in conflict monitoring and response preparation. Children with co-morbid ASD + ADHD present as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although non-additive effects are suggested for response preparation. Measuring ERPs that index attention and inhibition is useful in disentangling cognitive markers of ASD and ADHD and elucidating the basis of co-occurring ASD + ADHD to guide clinical assessment.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Attention - physiology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</subject><subject>Autism</subject><subject>Autistic spectrum disorders</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child clinical studies</subject><subject>Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - epidemiology</subject><subject>Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology</subject><subject>Child psychology</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Contingent Negative Variation - physiology</subject><subject>Event related brain potentials</subject><subject>Event-Related Potentials, P300 - physiology</subject><subject>Evoked Potentials - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Inhibition</subject><subject>Inhibition (Psychology)</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Original Articles</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Psychopathology. 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L. ; Azadi, B. ; Bolton, P. ; McLoughlin, G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-58ecc5c678e179adbcb1e7355ca0167acdb2382eff1ba3e3bcca2e1106e76bc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Attention - physiology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology</topic><topic>Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</topic><topic>Autism</topic><topic>Autistic spectrum disorders</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child clinical studies</topic><topic>Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - epidemiology</topic><topic>Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology</topic><topic>Child psychology</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Contingent Negative Variation - physiology</topic><topic>Event related brain potentials</topic><topic>Event-Related Potentials, P300 - physiology</topic><topic>Evoked Potentials - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperactivity</topic><topic>Inhibition</topic><topic>Inhibition (Psychology)</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Morbidity</topic><topic>Original Articles</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. 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L.</au><au>Azadi, B.</au><au>Bolton, P.</au><au>McLoughlin, G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Attention and inhibition in children with ASD, ADHD and co-morbid ASD + ADHD: an event-related potential study</atitle><jtitle>Psychological medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Psychol. Med</addtitle><date>2014-04</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>44</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1101</spage><epage>1116</epage><pages>1101-1116</pages><issn>0033-2917</issn><eissn>1469-8978</eissn><coden>PSMDCO</coden><abstract>Substantial overlap has been reported between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deficits in executive function (EF) are characteristic of both disorders but these impairments have not been compared directly across pure and co-morbid cases using event-related potentials (ERPs).
Behavioural parameters and ERPs were recorded during a flankered cued-continuous performance test (CPT-OX) administered to 8-13-year-old boys with ASD (n = 19), ADHD (n = 18), co-morbid ASD + ADHD (n = 29) and typically developing controls (TD; n = 26). Preparatory processing (contingent negative variation, CNV) and attentional orienting (Cue-P3) at cues, response execution at targets (Go-P3), inhibitory processing at non-targets (NoGo-P3) and conflict monitoring between target and non-target trials (Go-N2 v. NoGo-N2) were examined.
Categorical diagnoses and quantitative trait measures indicated that participants with ADHD (ADHD/ASD + ADHD) made more omission errors and exhibited increased reaction-time (RT) variability and reduced amplitude of the Cue-P3 and NoGo-P3 compared to TD/ASD participants. Participants with ASD (ASD/ ASD + ADHD) demonstrated reduced N2 enhancement from Go to NoGo trials compared to TD/ADHD participants. Participants with ASD-only displayed enhanced CNV amplitude compared to ASD + ADHD and TD participants.
Children with ADHD show deficits in attentional orienting and inhibitory control whereas children with ASD show abnormalities in conflict monitoring and response preparation. Children with co-morbid ASD + ADHD present as an additive co-occurrence with deficits of both disorders, although non-additive effects are suggested for response preparation. Measuring ERPs that index attention and inhibition is useful in disentangling cognitive markers of ASD and ADHD and elucidating the basis of co-occurring ASD + ADHD to guide clinical assessment.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>23673307</pmid><doi>10.1017/S0033291713001049</doi><tpages>16</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Attention - physiology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology Attention deficit disorders. Hyperactivity Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Autism Autistic spectrum disorders Biological and medical sciences Child Child clinical studies Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - epidemiology Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology Child psychology Children Comorbidity Contingent Negative Variation - physiology Event related brain potentials Event-Related Potentials, P300 - physiology Evoked Potentials - physiology Humans Hyperactivity Inhibition Inhibition (Psychology) Male Medical sciences Morbidity Original Articles Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychomotor Performance - physiology Psychopathology. Psychiatry |
title | Attention and inhibition in children with ASD, ADHD and co-morbid ASD + ADHD: an event-related potential study |
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