Improved derivatization protocol for simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses
An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. U...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 2014-01, Vol.69 (12), p.2389-2396 |
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| creator | CHOKWE, T. B OKONKWO, J. O SIBALI, L. L NCUBE, E. J |
| description | An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. Under these conditions, it was observed that alkylphenol ethoxylates and tetrabromobisphenol A were derivatized successfully in the presence of hexabromocyclododecane, lower congeners of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The improved protocol was applied to the recover of the analytes of interest from a simulated water sample after solid phase extraction. The recoveries achieved were above 60%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged from 0.01-0.20 and 0.05-0.66 μg L(-1), respectively. The improved derivatization procedure was also successfully applied to determine trace amounts of these compounds in environmental water samples. The concentrations of the targeted analytes from the environmental samples were determined from limit of quantification. The levels of the targeted compounds in the environmental samples ranged from nd-7.63 ±2.83 μg L(-1). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wst.2014.144 |
| format | Article |
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B ; OKONKWO, J. O ; SIBALI, L. L ; NCUBE, E. J</creator><creatorcontrib>CHOKWE, T. B ; OKONKWO, J. O ; SIBALI, L. L ; NCUBE, E. J</creatorcontrib><description>An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. Under these conditions, it was observed that alkylphenol ethoxylates and tetrabromobisphenol A were derivatized successfully in the presence of hexabromocyclododecane, lower congeners of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The improved protocol was applied to the recover of the analytes of interest from a simulated water sample after solid phase extraction. The recoveries achieved were above 60%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged from 0.01-0.20 and 0.05-0.66 μg L(-1), respectively. The improved derivatization procedure was also successfully applied to determine trace amounts of these compounds in environmental water samples. The concentrations of the targeted analytes from the environmental samples were determined from limit of quantification. The levels of the targeted compounds in the environmental samples ranged from nd-7.63 ±2.83 μg L(-1).</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.144</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24959999</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WSTED4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: International Water Association</publisher><subject>Alkylphenol ethoxylates ; Amines ; Analytical chemistry ; Analytical methods ; Applied sciences ; Bromination ; Chemistry ; Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography ; Congeners ; Detection ; Environmental Monitoring ; Ethers ; Exact sciences and technology ; Flame retardants ; Flame Retardants - analysis ; Gas chromatographic methods ; Gas chromatography ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Models, Theoretical ; Pollution ; Polybrominated biphenyls ; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ; South Africa ; Spectrometric and optical methods ; Tetrabromobisphenol A ; Triethylamine ; Water analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry ; Water sampling ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 2014-01, Vol.69 (12), p.2389-2396</ispartof><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Jun 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-3dda275b7e2fc285dabb67309a6b711e2c51da88835e01f47c7ebf0c1bfbf92e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28601677$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24959999$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>CHOKWE, T. B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>OKONKWO, J. O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SIBALI, L. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NCUBE, E. J</creatorcontrib><title>Improved derivatization protocol for simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses</title><title>Water science and technology</title><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><description>An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. Under these conditions, it was observed that alkylphenol ethoxylates and tetrabromobisphenol A were derivatized successfully in the presence of hexabromocyclododecane, lower congeners of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The improved protocol was applied to the recover of the analytes of interest from a simulated water sample after solid phase extraction. The recoveries achieved were above 60%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged from 0.01-0.20 and 0.05-0.66 μg L(-1), respectively. The improved derivatization procedure was also successfully applied to determine trace amounts of these compounds in environmental water samples. The concentrations of the targeted analytes from the environmental samples were determined from limit of quantification. The levels of the targeted compounds in the environmental samples ranged from nd-7.63 ±2.83 μg L(-1).</description><subject>Alkylphenol ethoxylates</subject><subject>Amines</subject><subject>Analytical chemistry</subject><subject>Analytical methods</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Bromination</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</subject><subject>Congeners</subject><subject>Detection</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Ethers</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Flame retardants</subject><subject>Flame Retardants - analysis</subject><subject>Gas chromatographic methods</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Polybrominated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers</subject><subject>South Africa</subject><subject>Spectrometric and optical methods</subject><subject>Tetrabromobisphenol A</subject><subject>Triethylamine</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0273-1223</issn><issn>1996-9732</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpd0c-L1DAUB_AgijuO3jxLQAQPdsyPtmmPy7KrCwte9Fxe0pedrmlTk3TX-nf5B5pxRgUDIfDy4b2QLyEvOdsJXtfvH2LaCcbLHS_LR2TD27YuWiXFY7JhQsmCCyHPyLMY7xhjSpbsKTkTZVu1eW3Iz-txDv4ee9pjGO4hDT_y9hPN1eSNd9T6QOMwLi7BhH6JGSYM4zAdnbcU3NfVzXucssa0999XBwkjhamnOvjfNA-wDkakAROEHqYUc2fn_EO-0Su9hUjNPmNI_jbAvF-LEWKkcUaTchlTWHNDcGvE-Jw8seAivjidW_Ll6vLzxcfi5tOH64vzm8LIRqVC9j0IVWmFwhrRVD1oXSvJWqi14hyFqXgPTdPIChm3pTIKtWWGa6ttK1Buydtj3_wZ3xaMqRuHaNC54090vCqZ4qLiLNPX_9E7v4T83qzaUjYNO8zZkndHZYKPMaDt5jCMENaOs-6QZpfT7A5pdjnNzF-dmi56xP4v_hNfBm9OAKIBZwNMZoj_XFMzXislfwGfLK9S</recordid><startdate>20140101</startdate><enddate>20140101</enddate><creator>CHOKWE, T. 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B ; OKONKWO, J. O ; SIBALI, L. L ; NCUBE, E. J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c387t-3dda275b7e2fc285dabb67309a6b711e2c51da88835e01f47c7ebf0c1bfbf92e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Alkylphenol ethoxylates</topic><topic>Amines</topic><topic>Analytical chemistry</topic><topic>Analytical methods</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Bromination</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</topic><topic>Congeners</topic><topic>Detection</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Ethers</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Flame retardants</topic><topic>Flame Retardants - analysis</topic><topic>Gas chromatographic methods</topic><topic>Gas chromatography</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Models, Theoretical</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Polybrominated biphenyls</topic><topic>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers</topic><topic>South Africa</topic><topic>Spectrometric and optical methods</topic><topic>Tetrabromobisphenol A</topic><topic>Triethylamine</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>CHOKWE, T. 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B</au><au>OKONKWO, J. O</au><au>SIBALI, L. L</au><au>NCUBE, E. J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Improved derivatization protocol for simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses</atitle><jtitle>Water science and technology</jtitle><addtitle>Water Sci Technol</addtitle><date>2014-01-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2389</spage><epage>2396</epage><pages>2389-2396</pages><issn>0273-1223</issn><eissn>1996-9732</eissn><coden>WSTED4</coden><abstract>An improved derivatization protocol for the simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants with heptafluorobutyric anhydride under triethylamine amine base was investigated. The derivatization reaction was completed in 30 min at 50 °C using hexane as solvent. Under these conditions, it was observed that alkylphenol ethoxylates and tetrabromobisphenol A were derivatized successfully in the presence of hexabromocyclododecane, lower congeners of polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. The improved protocol was applied to the recover of the analytes of interest from a simulated water sample after solid phase extraction. The recoveries achieved were above 60%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged from 0.01-0.20 and 0.05-0.66 μg L(-1), respectively. The improved derivatization procedure was also successfully applied to determine trace amounts of these compounds in environmental water samples. The concentrations of the targeted analytes from the environmental samples were determined from limit of quantification. The levels of the targeted compounds in the environmental samples ranged from nd-7.63 ±2.83 μg L(-1).</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>International Water Association</pub><pmid>24959999</pmid><doi>10.2166/wst.2014.144</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water science and technology, 2014-01, Vol.69 (12), p.2389-2396 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Alkylphenol ethoxylates Amines Analytical chemistry Analytical methods Applied sciences Bromination Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Congeners Detection Environmental Monitoring Ethers Exact sciences and technology Flame retardants Flame Retardants - analysis Gas chromatographic methods Gas chromatography Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Models, Theoretical Pollution Polybrominated biphenyls Polybrominated diphenyl ethers South Africa Spectrometric and optical methods Tetrabromobisphenol A Triethylamine Water analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry Water sampling Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Improved derivatization protocol for simultaneous determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates and brominated flame retardants followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses |
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