Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Objectives This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Limited data are available on the efficacy of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | JACC. Cardiovascular interventions 2014-06, Vol.7 (6), p.592-601 |
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| creator | Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD Song, Young Bin, MD Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD Choi, Jin-Ho, MD Lee, Sang Hoon, MD Kim, Joo Han, MD Ahn, Young-Keun, MD Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD Choi, Dong-Joo, MD Park, Jong Seon, MD Kim, Young Jo, MD Park, Hun Sik, MD Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD Rha, Seung Woon, MD Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD |
| description | Objectives This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Limited data are available on the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention in STEMI patients. Methods Between November 1, 2005 and September 30, 2010, 20,344 patients were enrolled in nationwide, prospective, multicenter registries. Among these, we studied STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI who were discharged alive (n = 8,510). We classified patients into the beta-blocker group (n = 6,873) and no–beta-blocker group (n = 1,637) according to the use of beta-blockers at discharge. Propensity-score matching analysis was also performed in 1,325 patient triplets . The primary outcome was all-cause death. Results The median follow-up duration was 367 days (interquartile range: 157 to 440 days). All-cause death occurred in 146 patients (2.1%) of the beta-blocker group versus 59 patients (3.6%) of the no–beta-blocker group (p < 0.001). After 2:1 propensity-score matching, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death (2.8% vs. 4.1%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.27 to 0.78, p = 0.004). The association with better outcome of beta-blocker therapy in terms of all-cause death was consistent across various subgroups, including patients with relatively low-risk profiles such as ejection fraction >40% or single-vessel disease. Conclusions Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with improved survival in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. Our results support the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, which recommend long-term beta-blocker therapy in all patients with STEMI regardless of reperfusion therapy or risk profile. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jcin.2013.12.206 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1539470703</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>1_s2_0_S1936879814006542</els_id><sourcerecordid>1539470703</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-9fe877171a76440e25ccec13d2c4184b990d2538d0a71176955ce18452487cf03</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9Uk1vEzEQXSEqWgp_gAPykcsG2_vhXQkhtaFApKJGSiqOljs7mzjd2KntjZR_0__Brb8Mbzdw4MBprPF7z573JkneMTphlJUfN5MNaDPhlGUTxmMtXyRnrBJlKkpavIznOivTStTVafLa-w2lJa0Ff5Wc8rzOhWDiLPl14b0FrYK2htiWXGJQ6WVn4R4dWa7Rqd2BqPD0-EV7WCu3QvJThzWZdtpoUB256QPYLXqizdPjPOqgCX7ELJbpAlfb2CBXHe7HN34cLCjX6EidmVY5eO7emgbdymqzInOnt8odyBwd9EEZtL0nU-usGbozE9Dto2RkvUlOWtV5fHus58nt16vl9Ht6ffNtNr24TiEvipDWLVbDsEyJMs8p8gIAgWUNh5xV-V1d04YXWdVQJRgTZV0UgPGi4HkloKXZefJh1N05-9CjD3IbzcCuGz8nWZFFO6mgWYTyEQrOeu-wlbtxHMmoHEKTGzmEJofQJOOxlpH0_qjf322x-Uv5k1IEfBoBGKfca3TSQ_QZsNEOIcjG6v_rf_6HDsf07vGAfmN7Z6J_kknPJZWLYW2GrWF53Jgi59lv4a3CRA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1539470703</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD ; Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD ; Song, Young Bin, MD ; Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD ; Choi, Jin-Ho, MD ; Lee, Sang Hoon, MD ; Kim, Joo Han, MD ; Ahn, Young-Keun, MD ; Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD ; Choi, Dong-Joo, MD ; Park, Jong Seon, MD ; Kim, Young Jo, MD ; Park, Hun Sik, MD ; Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD ; Rha, Seung Woon, MD ; Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</creator><creatorcontrib>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD ; Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD ; Song, Young Bin, MD ; Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD ; Choi, Jin-Ho, MD ; Lee, Sang Hoon, MD ; Kim, Joo Han, MD ; Ahn, Young-Keun, MD ; Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD ; Choi, Dong-Joo, MD ; Park, Jong Seon, MD ; Kim, Young Jo, MD ; Park, Hun Sik, MD ; Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD ; Rha, Seung Woon, MD ; Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Limited data are available on the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention in STEMI patients. Methods Between November 1, 2005 and September 30, 2010, 20,344 patients were enrolled in nationwide, prospective, multicenter registries. Among these, we studied STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI who were discharged alive (n = 8,510). We classified patients into the beta-blocker group (n = 6,873) and no–beta-blocker group (n = 1,637) according to the use of beta-blockers at discharge. Propensity-score matching analysis was also performed in 1,325 patient triplets . The primary outcome was all-cause death. Results The median follow-up duration was 367 days (interquartile range: 157 to 440 days). All-cause death occurred in 146 patients (2.1%) of the beta-blocker group versus 59 patients (3.6%) of the no–beta-blocker group (p < 0.001). After 2:1 propensity-score matching, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death (2.8% vs. 4.1%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.27 to 0.78, p = 0.004). The association with better outcome of beta-blocker therapy in terms of all-cause death was consistent across various subgroups, including patients with relatively low-risk profiles such as ejection fraction >40% or single-vessel disease. Conclusions Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with improved survival in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. Our results support the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, which recommend long-term beta-blocker therapy in all patients with STEMI regardless of reperfusion therapy or risk profile.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1936-8798</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1876-7605</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2013.12.206</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24947717</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - administration & dosage ; Aged ; angioplasty ; beta-blocker ; Cardiovascular ; Cause of Death - trends ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; myocardial infarction ; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction - mortality ; Myocardial Infarction - therapy ; Patient Discharge ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Propensity Score ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Registries ; Republic of Korea - epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Secondary Prevention - methods ; Survival Rate - trends ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, 2014-06, Vol.7 (6), p.592-601</ispartof><rights>American College of Cardiology Foundation</rights><rights>2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-9fe877171a76440e25ccec13d2c4184b990d2538d0a71176955ce18452487cf03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-9fe877171a76440e25ccec13d2c4184b990d2538d0a71176955ce18452487cf03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2013.12.206$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24947717$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Young Bin, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Jin-Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang Hoon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Joo Han, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Young-Keun, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Dong-Joo, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Jong Seon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young Jo, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hun Sik, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rha, Seung Woon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</creatorcontrib><title>Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</title><title>JACC. Cardiovascular interventions</title><addtitle>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</addtitle><description>Objectives This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Limited data are available on the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention in STEMI patients. Methods Between November 1, 2005 and September 30, 2010, 20,344 patients were enrolled in nationwide, prospective, multicenter registries. Among these, we studied STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI who were discharged alive (n = 8,510). We classified patients into the beta-blocker group (n = 6,873) and no–beta-blocker group (n = 1,637) according to the use of beta-blockers at discharge. Propensity-score matching analysis was also performed in 1,325 patient triplets . The primary outcome was all-cause death. Results The median follow-up duration was 367 days (interquartile range: 157 to 440 days). All-cause death occurred in 146 patients (2.1%) of the beta-blocker group versus 59 patients (3.6%) of the no–beta-blocker group (p < 0.001). After 2:1 propensity-score matching, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death (2.8% vs. 4.1%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.27 to 0.78, p = 0.004). The association with better outcome of beta-blocker therapy in terms of all-cause death was consistent across various subgroups, including patients with relatively low-risk profiles such as ejection fraction >40% or single-vessel disease. Conclusions Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with improved survival in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. Our results support the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, which recommend long-term beta-blocker therapy in all patients with STEMI regardless of reperfusion therapy or risk profile.</description><subject>Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>angioplasty</subject><subject>beta-blocker</subject><subject>Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Cause of Death - trends</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>myocardial infarction</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - mortality</subject><subject>Myocardial Infarction - therapy</subject><subject>Patient Discharge</subject><subject>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</subject><subject>Propensity Score</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Recurrence</subject><subject>Registries</subject><subject>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Secondary Prevention - methods</subject><subject>Survival Rate - trends</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>1936-8798</issn><issn>1876-7605</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9Uk1vEzEQXSEqWgp_gAPykcsG2_vhXQkhtaFApKJGSiqOljs7mzjd2KntjZR_0__Brb8Mbzdw4MBprPF7z573JkneMTphlJUfN5MNaDPhlGUTxmMtXyRnrBJlKkpavIznOivTStTVafLa-w2lJa0Ff5Wc8rzOhWDiLPl14b0FrYK2htiWXGJQ6WVn4R4dWa7Rqd2BqPD0-EV7WCu3QvJThzWZdtpoUB256QPYLXqizdPjPOqgCX7ELJbpAlfb2CBXHe7HN34cLCjX6EidmVY5eO7emgbdymqzInOnt8odyBwd9EEZtL0nU-usGbozE9Dto2RkvUlOWtV5fHus58nt16vl9Ht6ffNtNr24TiEvipDWLVbDsEyJMs8p8gIAgWUNh5xV-V1d04YXWdVQJRgTZV0UgPGi4HkloKXZefJh1N05-9CjD3IbzcCuGz8nWZFFO6mgWYTyEQrOeu-wlbtxHMmoHEKTGzmEJofQJOOxlpH0_qjf322x-Uv5k1IEfBoBGKfca3TSQ_QZsNEOIcjG6v_rf_6HDsf07vGAfmN7Z6J_kknPJZWLYW2GrWF53Jgi59lv4a3CRA</recordid><startdate>20140601</startdate><enddate>20140601</enddate><creator>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD</creator><creator>Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD</creator><creator>Song, Young Bin, MD</creator><creator>Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD</creator><creator>Choi, Jin-Ho, MD</creator><creator>Lee, Sang Hoon, MD</creator><creator>Kim, Joo Han, MD</creator><creator>Ahn, Young-Keun, MD</creator><creator>Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD</creator><creator>Choi, Dong-Joo, MD</creator><creator>Park, Jong Seon, MD</creator><creator>Kim, Young Jo, MD</creator><creator>Park, Hun Sik, MD</creator><creator>Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD</creator><creator>Rha, Seung Woon, MD</creator><creator>Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140601</creationdate><title>Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</title><author>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD ; Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD ; Song, Young Bin, MD ; Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD ; Choi, Jin-Ho, MD ; Lee, Sang Hoon, MD ; Kim, Joo Han, MD ; Ahn, Young-Keun, MD ; Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD ; Choi, Dong-Joo, MD ; Park, Jong Seon, MD ; Kim, Young Jo, MD ; Park, Hun Sik, MD ; Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD ; Rha, Seung Woon, MD ; Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-9fe877171a76440e25ccec13d2c4184b990d2538d0a71176955ce18452487cf03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>angioplasty</topic><topic>beta-blocker</topic><topic>Cardiovascular</topic><topic>Cause of Death - trends</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>myocardial infarction</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - mortality</topic><topic>Myocardial Infarction - therapy</topic><topic>Patient Discharge</topic><topic>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</topic><topic>Propensity Score</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Recurrence</topic><topic>Registries</topic><topic>Republic of Korea - epidemiology</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Secondary Prevention - methods</topic><topic>Survival Rate - trends</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Young Bin, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Jin-Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sang Hoon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Joo Han, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahn, Young-Keun, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choi, Dong-Joo, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Jong Seon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Young Jo, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Hun Sik, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rha, Seung Woon, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>JACC. Cardiovascular interventions</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yang, Jeong Hoon, MD</au><au>Hahn, Joo-Yong, MD</au><au>Song, Young Bin, MD</au><au>Choi, Seung-Hyuk, MD</au><au>Choi, Jin-Ho, MD</au><au>Lee, Sang Hoon, MD</au><au>Kim, Joo Han, MD</au><au>Ahn, Young-Keun, MD</au><au>Jeong, Myung-Ho, MD</au><au>Choi, Dong-Joo, MD</au><au>Park, Jong Seon, MD</au><au>Kim, Young Jo, MD</au><au>Park, Hun Sik, MD</au><au>Han, Kyoo-Rok, MD</au><au>Rha, Seung Woon, MD</au><au>Gwon, Hyeon-Cheol, MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</atitle><jtitle>JACC. Cardiovascular interventions</jtitle><addtitle>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</addtitle><date>2014-06-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>592</spage><epage>601</epage><pages>592-601</pages><issn>1936-8798</issn><eissn>1876-7605</eissn><abstract>Objectives This study sought to investigate the association of beta-blocker therapy at discharge with clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Limited data are available on the efficacy of beta-blocker therapy for secondary prevention in STEMI patients. Methods Between November 1, 2005 and September 30, 2010, 20,344 patients were enrolled in nationwide, prospective, multicenter registries. Among these, we studied STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI who were discharged alive (n = 8,510). We classified patients into the beta-blocker group (n = 6,873) and no–beta-blocker group (n = 1,637) according to the use of beta-blockers at discharge. Propensity-score matching analysis was also performed in 1,325 patient triplets . The primary outcome was all-cause death. Results The median follow-up duration was 367 days (interquartile range: 157 to 440 days). All-cause death occurred in 146 patients (2.1%) of the beta-blocker group versus 59 patients (3.6%) of the no–beta-blocker group (p < 0.001). After 2:1 propensity-score matching, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death (2.8% vs. 4.1%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.27 to 0.78, p = 0.004). The association with better outcome of beta-blocker therapy in terms of all-cause death was consistent across various subgroups, including patients with relatively low-risk profiles such as ejection fraction >40% or single-vessel disease. Conclusions Beta-blocker therapy at discharge was associated with improved survival in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI. Our results support the current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, which recommend long-term beta-blocker therapy in all patients with STEMI regardless of reperfusion therapy or risk profile.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>24947717</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jcin.2013.12.206</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1936-8798 |
| ispartof | JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, 2014-06, Vol.7 (6), p.592-601 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - administration & dosage Aged angioplasty beta-blocker Cardiovascular Cause of Death - trends Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Male Middle Aged myocardial infarction Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis Myocardial Infarction - mortality Myocardial Infarction - therapy Patient Discharge Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Propensity Score Prospective Studies Recurrence Registries Republic of Korea - epidemiology Risk Factors Secondary Prevention - methods Survival Rate - trends Time Factors Treatment Outcome |
| title | Association of Beta-Blocker Therapy at Discharge With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention |
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