Nesting Biology of Black Skimmers, Large-Billed Terns, and Yellow-Billed Terns in Amazonian Brazil (Biología de la Reproducción de Rynchops niger, Phaetusa simplex, y Sterna superciliaris en el Amazonas Brazileño)

Nests of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) (n = 37), Large-billed Terns (Phaetusa simplex) (n = 121), and Yellow-billed Terns (Sterna superciliaris) (n = 16) on an exposed sandbar in the Trombetas River, Brazil, were monitored during incubation and hatching in 1982. The species were interspersed throu...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of field ornithology 1989-04, Vol.60 (2), p.216-223
1. Verfasser: Krannitz, Pam G.
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description Nests of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) (n = 37), Large-billed Terns (Phaetusa simplex) (n = 121), and Yellow-billed Terns (Sterna superciliaris) (n = 16) on an exposed sandbar in the Trombetas River, Brazil, were monitored during incubation and hatching in 1982. The species were interspersed throughout the colony, though Black Skimmers nested closer to the river than the other two species. Black Skimmers had larger clutches (2.83 eggs/clutch) than Large-billed (2.30 eggs) and Yellow-billed (1.94 eggs) terns. Abandonment and flooding accounted for the majority of nest and egg losses during incubation for Large-billed Terns (22 of 27 nest failures) and Yellow-billed Terns (two failures, one due to flooding). Black Skimmers lost no eggs or nests to flooding, but abandoned three nests (seven eggs) and three clutches disappeared (11 eggs). Black Skimmer clutches hatched on averaged of 5 d earlier than Large-billed Tern clutches, and 2 d earlier than Yellow-billed Tern clutches. Estimated number of young leaving the nest for Black Skimmers was 1.66 young/nest, 1.08 for Large-billed Terns, and 1.04 for Yellow-billed Terns. /// Nidos de Rynchops niger (n = 37), Phaetusa simplex (n = 121), y Sterna superciliaris (n = 16) en una barrera de arena en el Rio Trombetas, Brazil, fueron monitoreados durante el periodo de incubación y eclosión en el 1982. Las especies se encontraban dispersas a través de la colonia, aunque Rynchops niger anidó más cercano al rio que las otras dos especies. Rynchops niger tenía camadas de huevos más grandes (2.83/camada) que Phaetusa simplex (2.30/camada) y Sterna superciliaris (1.94/camada). Abandono de nidos e inundaciones causaron la mayoría de perdidas de huevos y nidos durante la incubación para Phaetusa simplex (22 de 27 nidos fracasados) y Sterna superciliaris (1 nido inundado de 2 fracasos). Rynchops niger no perdió huevos o nidos por inundaciones, pero abandonaron 3 nidos (7 huevos) y 3 camadas de huevos desaparecieron (11 huevos). Las camadas de Rynchops niger eclosionaron, en promedio, 5 d antes que las camadas de Phaetusa simplex y 2 d antes que las camadas de Sterna superciliaris. El número estimado de volantones que abandonaron el nido para Rynchops niger fue 1.66 volantones/nido, 1.08 para Phaetusa simplex, y 1.04 para Sterna superciliaris.
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The species were interspersed throughout the colony, though Black Skimmers nested closer to the river than the other two species. Black Skimmers had larger clutches (2.83 eggs/clutch) than Large-billed (2.30 eggs) and Yellow-billed (1.94 eggs) terns. Abandonment and flooding accounted for the majority of nest and egg losses during incubation for Large-billed Terns (22 of 27 nest failures) and Yellow-billed Terns (two failures, one due to flooding). Black Skimmers lost no eggs or nests to flooding, but abandoned three nests (seven eggs) and three clutches disappeared (11 eggs). Black Skimmer clutches hatched on averaged of 5 d earlier than Large-billed Tern clutches, and 2 d earlier than Yellow-billed Tern clutches. Estimated number of young leaving the nest for Black Skimmers was 1.66 young/nest, 1.08 for Large-billed Terns, and 1.04 for Yellow-billed Terns. /// Nidos de Rynchops niger (n = 37), Phaetusa simplex (n = 121), y Sterna superciliaris (n = 16) en una barrera de arena en el Rio Trombetas, Brazil, fueron monitoreados durante el periodo de incubación y eclosión en el 1982. Las especies se encontraban dispersas a través de la colonia, aunque Rynchops niger anidó más cercano al rio que las otras dos especies. Rynchops niger tenía camadas de huevos más grandes (2.83/camada) que Phaetusa simplex (2.30/camada) y Sterna superciliaris (1.94/camada). Abandono de nidos e inundaciones causaron la mayoría de perdidas de huevos y nidos durante la incubación para Phaetusa simplex (22 de 27 nidos fracasados) y Sterna superciliaris (1 nido inundado de 2 fracasos). Rynchops niger no perdió huevos o nidos por inundaciones, pero abandonaron 3 nidos (7 huevos) y 3 camadas de huevos desaparecieron (11 huevos). Las camadas de Rynchops niger eclosionaron, en promedio, 5 d antes que las camadas de Phaetusa simplex y 2 d antes que las camadas de Sterna superciliaris. El número estimado de volantones que abandonaron el nido para Rynchops niger fue 1.66 volantones/nido, 1.08 para Phaetusa simplex, y 1.04 para Sterna superciliaris.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-8570</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-9263</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Association of Field Ornithologists, Inc</publisher><subject>Animal nesting ; Bird nesting ; Chicks ; Eggs ; Freshwater ; Hatching ; Incubation ; Nesting sites ; Nesting tables ; Phaetusa simplex ; Reproductive success ; Rynchops niger ; Sandbars ; Sterninae</subject><ispartof>Journal of field ornithology, 1989-04, Vol.60 (2), p.216-223</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4513423$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4513423$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Krannitz, Pam G.</creatorcontrib><title>Nesting Biology of Black Skimmers, Large-Billed Terns, and Yellow-Billed Terns in Amazonian Brazil (Biología de la Reproducción de Rynchops niger, Phaetusa simplex, y Sterna superciliaris en el Amazonas Brazileño)</title><title>Journal of field ornithology</title><description>Nests of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) (n = 37), Large-billed Terns (Phaetusa simplex) (n = 121), and Yellow-billed Terns (Sterna superciliaris) (n = 16) on an exposed sandbar in the Trombetas River, Brazil, were monitored during incubation and hatching in 1982. The species were interspersed throughout the colony, though Black Skimmers nested closer to the river than the other two species. Black Skimmers had larger clutches (2.83 eggs/clutch) than Large-billed (2.30 eggs) and Yellow-billed (1.94 eggs) terns. Abandonment and flooding accounted for the majority of nest and egg losses during incubation for Large-billed Terns (22 of 27 nest failures) and Yellow-billed Terns (two failures, one due to flooding). Black Skimmers lost no eggs or nests to flooding, but abandoned three nests (seven eggs) and three clutches disappeared (11 eggs). Black Skimmer clutches hatched on averaged of 5 d earlier than Large-billed Tern clutches, and 2 d earlier than Yellow-billed Tern clutches. Estimated number of young leaving the nest for Black Skimmers was 1.66 young/nest, 1.08 for Large-billed Terns, and 1.04 for Yellow-billed Terns. /// Nidos de Rynchops niger (n = 37), Phaetusa simplex (n = 121), y Sterna superciliaris (n = 16) en una barrera de arena en el Rio Trombetas, Brazil, fueron monitoreados durante el periodo de incubación y eclosión en el 1982. Las especies se encontraban dispersas a través de la colonia, aunque Rynchops niger anidó más cercano al rio que las otras dos especies. Rynchops niger tenía camadas de huevos más grandes (2.83/camada) que Phaetusa simplex (2.30/camada) y Sterna superciliaris (1.94/camada). Abandono de nidos e inundaciones causaron la mayoría de perdidas de huevos y nidos durante la incubación para Phaetusa simplex (22 de 27 nidos fracasados) y Sterna superciliaris (1 nido inundado de 2 fracasos). Rynchops niger no perdió huevos o nidos por inundaciones, pero abandonaron 3 nidos (7 huevos) y 3 camadas de huevos desaparecieron (11 huevos). Las camadas de Rynchops niger eclosionaron, en promedio, 5 d antes que las camadas de Phaetusa simplex y 2 d antes que las camadas de Sterna superciliaris. El número estimado de volantones que abandonaron el nido para Rynchops niger fue 1.66 volantones/nido, 1.08 para Phaetusa simplex, y 1.04 para Sterna superciliaris.</description><subject>Animal nesting</subject><subject>Bird nesting</subject><subject>Chicks</subject><subject>Eggs</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>Hatching</subject><subject>Incubation</subject><subject>Nesting sites</subject><subject>Nesting tables</subject><subject>Phaetusa simplex</subject><subject>Reproductive success</subject><subject>Rynchops niger</subject><subject>Sandbars</subject><subject>Sterninae</subject><issn>0273-8570</issn><issn>1557-9263</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1989</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkM1q20AUhUVJoc7PG3RxV6UBC-ZHY2mWcUjagGmCnSy6MlfStTPOaEadkWidd8oi5BH8En2cKtibri6cezgf53xIRlypPNViIo-SERO5TAuVs0_JcYwbxvhEcDFK_v6g2Bm3hqnx1q-34FcwtVg9weLJNA2FOIYZhjWlU2Mt1XBPwQ0auhp-krX-938PMA4uGnz2zqCDacBnY-HrPnv3glATWIQ5tcHXfVWZ3Zt71-ZbVz36NoIzawpjuHtE6vqIEE3TWvozhi0sugEwKH1LoTLWYDARyAHZAxHjAUi7V39-mnxcoY10drgnycP11f3l93R2--3m8mKWbrjMuxRLTiITpeJKCCWUxlKzAvNMZ5WuC4aikFxnghcsr2XNNJtUTBUrXubZqmS1PEm-7HOHSr_6YcxlY2I1LIOOfB-XXEnFda4H4-e9cRM7H5ZtMA2G7TJTXGZCyn_uJYg_</recordid><startdate>19890401</startdate><enddate>19890401</enddate><creator>Krannitz, Pam G.</creator><general>Association of Field Ornithologists, Inc</general><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19890401</creationdate><title>Nesting Biology of Black Skimmers, Large-Billed Terns, and Yellow-Billed Terns in Amazonian Brazil (Biología de la Reproducción de Rynchops niger, Phaetusa simplex, y Sterna superciliaris en el Amazonas Brazileño)</title><author>Krannitz, Pam G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-j137t-ab1e242b515225259ab908a7494c9d80a28319421807d3d0906c058f1b74fb0d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1989</creationdate><topic>Animal nesting</topic><topic>Bird nesting</topic><topic>Chicks</topic><topic>Eggs</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>Hatching</topic><topic>Incubation</topic><topic>Nesting sites</topic><topic>Nesting tables</topic><topic>Phaetusa simplex</topic><topic>Reproductive success</topic><topic>Rynchops niger</topic><topic>Sandbars</topic><topic>Sterninae</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Krannitz, Pam G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences &amp; Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of field ornithology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Krannitz, Pam G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nesting Biology of Black Skimmers, Large-Billed Terns, and Yellow-Billed Terns in Amazonian Brazil (Biología de la Reproducción de Rynchops niger, Phaetusa simplex, y Sterna superciliaris en el Amazonas Brazileño)</atitle><jtitle>Journal of field ornithology</jtitle><date>1989-04-01</date><risdate>1989</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>216</spage><epage>223</epage><pages>216-223</pages><issn>0273-8570</issn><eissn>1557-9263</eissn><abstract>Nests of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) (n = 37), Large-billed Terns (Phaetusa simplex) (n = 121), and Yellow-billed Terns (Sterna superciliaris) (n = 16) on an exposed sandbar in the Trombetas River, Brazil, were monitored during incubation and hatching in 1982. The species were interspersed throughout the colony, though Black Skimmers nested closer to the river than the other two species. Black Skimmers had larger clutches (2.83 eggs/clutch) than Large-billed (2.30 eggs) and Yellow-billed (1.94 eggs) terns. Abandonment and flooding accounted for the majority of nest and egg losses during incubation for Large-billed Terns (22 of 27 nest failures) and Yellow-billed Terns (two failures, one due to flooding). Black Skimmers lost no eggs or nests to flooding, but abandoned three nests (seven eggs) and three clutches disappeared (11 eggs). Black Skimmer clutches hatched on averaged of 5 d earlier than Large-billed Tern clutches, and 2 d earlier than Yellow-billed Tern clutches. Estimated number of young leaving the nest for Black Skimmers was 1.66 young/nest, 1.08 for Large-billed Terns, and 1.04 for Yellow-billed Terns. /// Nidos de Rynchops niger (n = 37), Phaetusa simplex (n = 121), y Sterna superciliaris (n = 16) en una barrera de arena en el Rio Trombetas, Brazil, fueron monitoreados durante el periodo de incubación y eclosión en el 1982. Las especies se encontraban dispersas a través de la colonia, aunque Rynchops niger anidó más cercano al rio que las otras dos especies. Rynchops niger tenía camadas de huevos más grandes (2.83/camada) que Phaetusa simplex (2.30/camada) y Sterna superciliaris (1.94/camada). Abandono de nidos e inundaciones causaron la mayoría de perdidas de huevos y nidos durante la incubación para Phaetusa simplex (22 de 27 nidos fracasados) y Sterna superciliaris (1 nido inundado de 2 fracasos). Rynchops niger no perdió huevos o nidos por inundaciones, pero abandonaron 3 nidos (7 huevos) y 3 camadas de huevos desaparecieron (11 huevos). Las camadas de Rynchops niger eclosionaron, en promedio, 5 d antes que las camadas de Phaetusa simplex y 2 d antes que las camadas de Sterna superciliaris. El número estimado de volantones que abandonaron el nido para Rynchops niger fue 1.66 volantones/nido, 1.08 para Phaetusa simplex, y 1.04 para Sterna superciliaris.</abstract><pub>Association of Field Ornithologists, Inc</pub><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record>
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source SORA - Searchable Ornithological Research Archive; JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals
subjects Animal nesting
Bird nesting
Chicks
Eggs
Freshwater
Hatching
Incubation
Nesting sites
Nesting tables
Phaetusa simplex
Reproductive success
Rynchops niger
Sandbars
Sterninae
title Nesting Biology of Black Skimmers, Large-Billed Terns, and Yellow-Billed Terns in Amazonian Brazil (Biología de la Reproducción de Rynchops niger, Phaetusa simplex, y Sterna superciliaris en el Amazonas Brazileño)
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