Trait Anxiety and Goal Difficulty on Learning to Climb the Bachman Ladder
This study examined the effects of trait anxiety and goal setting on learning of the Bachman ladder. It was hypothesized that easy goals would increase learning for individuals with high trait anxiety while hard goals would increase learning for individuals with low trait anxiety. 80 high school stu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Perceptual and motor skills 2014-04, Vol.118 (2), p.375-383 |
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| container_title | Perceptual and motor skills |
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| creator | Neiva, Jaqueline F. O. Massa, Marcelo Barros, Joao A. C. Meira, Cassio M. |
| description | This study examined the effects of trait anxiety and goal setting on learning of the Bachman ladder. It was hypothesized that easy goals would increase learning for individuals with high trait anxiety while hard goals would increase learning for individuals with low trait anxiety. 80 high school students (40 boys, 40 girls; M age = 15 yr., SD = 1.0) filled out the Brazilian State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for trait anxiety. The experiment was divided into four phases: acquisition, immediate transfer (after 5 min.), delayed transfer, and retention (after 24 hr.). On the transfer phases, the participants started climbing the ladder with the foot opposite of that used in acquisition. Participants were assigned to one of four experimental groups combining high and low anxiety traits and hard and easy goals. Variances were analyzed with repeated measurements on the last factor of all phases. The results showed the performance increased during the acquisition phase and no effects were observed in any phases. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2466/22.25.PMS.118k17w0 |
| format | Article |
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O. ; Massa, Marcelo ; Barros, Joao A. C. ; Meira, Cassio M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Neiva, Jaqueline F. O. ; Massa, Marcelo ; Barros, Joao A. C. ; Meira, Cassio M.</creatorcontrib><description>This study examined the effects of trait anxiety and goal setting on learning of the Bachman ladder. It was hypothesized that easy goals would increase learning for individuals with high trait anxiety while hard goals would increase learning for individuals with low trait anxiety. 80 high school students (40 boys, 40 girls; M age = 15 yr., SD = 1.0) filled out the Brazilian State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for trait anxiety. The experiment was divided into four phases: acquisition, immediate transfer (after 5 min.), delayed transfer, and retention (after 24 hr.). On the transfer phases, the participants started climbing the ladder with the foot opposite of that used in acquisition. Participants were assigned to one of four experimental groups combining high and low anxiety traits and hard and easy goals. Variances were analyzed with repeated measurements on the last factor of all phases. The results showed the performance increased during the acquisition phase and no effects were observed in any phases.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-5125</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-688X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2466/22.25.PMS.118k17w0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24897874</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PMOSAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Female ; Goal setting ; Goals ; Humans ; Intervention ; Learning ; Learning - physiology ; Male ; Motivation ; Motor Skills ; Personality ; Personality Inventory ; Retention (Psychology) - physiology ; Transfer (Psychology) - physiology ; Variances</subject><ispartof>Perceptual and motor skills, 2014-04, Vol.118 (2), p.375-383</ispartof><rights>2014 SAGE Publications</rights><rights>Copyright Southern Universities Press Apr 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-aff6d2a8cee39ae9441e9691d66fe1f81ded202d3abcc848e26df5ad0a2903623</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-aff6d2a8cee39ae9441e9691d66fe1f81ded202d3abcc848e26df5ad0a2903623</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2466/22.25.PMS.118k17w0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.2466/22.25.PMS.118k17w0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24897874$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Neiva, Jaqueline F. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Massa, Marcelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barros, Joao A. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meira, Cassio M.</creatorcontrib><title>Trait Anxiety and Goal Difficulty on Learning to Climb the Bachman Ladder</title><title>Perceptual and motor skills</title><addtitle>Percept Mot Skills</addtitle><description>This study examined the effects of trait anxiety and goal setting on learning of the Bachman ladder. It was hypothesized that easy goals would increase learning for individuals with high trait anxiety while hard goals would increase learning for individuals with low trait anxiety. 80 high school students (40 boys, 40 girls; M age = 15 yr., SD = 1.0) filled out the Brazilian State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for trait anxiety. The experiment was divided into four phases: acquisition, immediate transfer (after 5 min.), delayed transfer, and retention (after 24 hr.). On the transfer phases, the participants started climbing the ladder with the foot opposite of that used in acquisition. Participants were assigned to one of four experimental groups combining high and low anxiety traits and hard and easy goals. Variances were analyzed with repeated measurements on the last factor of all phases. The results showed the performance increased during the acquisition phase and no effects were observed in any phases.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Goal setting</subject><subject>Goals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Learning</subject><subject>Learning - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Motor Skills</subject><subject>Personality</subject><subject>Personality Inventory</subject><subject>Retention (Psychology) - physiology</subject><subject>Transfer (Psychology) - physiology</subject><subject>Variances</subject><issn>0031-5125</issn><issn>1558-688X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kN9LHDEQx0Op1PPsP9CHEuiLL3sm2SSbPNqrv-DEQhX6FuY2E127P2yyi95_b-RUpNCngZnPfGf4EPKFs4WQWh8KsRBq8fPi14Jz84dXD-wDmXGlTKGN-f2RzBgreaG4ULtkL6U7xpjmUn4iu0IaW5lKzsj5VYRmpEf9Y4PjhkLv6ekALf3RhNDUU5t7Q09XCLFv-hs6DnTZNt2ajrdIv0N920GegvcY98lOgDbh55c6J9cnx1fLs2J1eXq-PFoVdVnxsYAQtBdgasTSAlopOVptudc6IA-Ge_SCCV_Cuq6NNCi0Dwo8A2FZqUU5Jwfb3Ps4_J0wja5rUo1tCz0OU3JclZJZyXSV0W__oHfDFPv8Xaa4ZdoqKTMltlQdh5QiBncfmw7ixnHmnkU7IZxQLot2r6Lz0teX6GndoX9beTWbgcMtkOAG3939f-QTJrCHdA</recordid><startdate>20140401</startdate><enddate>20140401</enddate><creator>Neiva, Jaqueline F. 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C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meira, Cassio M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>ComDisDome</collection><jtitle>Perceptual and motor skills</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Neiva, Jaqueline F. O.</au><au>Massa, Marcelo</au><au>Barros, Joao A. 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| subjects | Adolescent Anxiety Female Goal setting Goals Humans Intervention Learning Learning - physiology Male Motivation Motor Skills Personality Personality Inventory Retention (Psychology) - physiology Transfer (Psychology) - physiology Variances |
| title | Trait Anxiety and Goal Difficulty on Learning to Climb the Bachman Ladder |
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