Rhythm and Mood: Relationships Between the Circadian Clock and Mood-Related Behavior

Mood disorders are multifactorial and heterogeneous diseases caused by the interplay of several genetic and environmental factors. In humans, mood disorders are often accompanied by abnormalities in the organization of the circadian system, which normally synchronizes activities and functions of cel...

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Veröffentlicht in:Behavioral neuroscience 2014-06, Vol.128 (3), p.326-343
Hauptverfasser: Schnell, Anna, Albrecht, Urs, Sandrelli, Federica
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container_title Behavioral neuroscience
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creator Schnell, Anna
Albrecht, Urs
Sandrelli, Federica
description Mood disorders are multifactorial and heterogeneous diseases caused by the interplay of several genetic and environmental factors. In humans, mood disorders are often accompanied by abnormalities in the organization of the circadian system, which normally synchronizes activities and functions of cells and tissues. Studies on animal models suggest that the basic circadian clock mechanism, which runs in essentially all cells, is implicated in the modulation of biological phenomena regulating affective behaviors. In particular, recent findings highlight the importance of the circadian clock mechanisms in neurological pathways involved in mood, such as monoaminergic neurotransmission, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, suprachiasmatic nucleus and olfactory bulb activities, and neurogenesis. Defects at the level of both, the circadian clock mechanism and system, may contribute to the etiology of mood disorders. Modification of the circadian system using chronotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for mood disorders. Additionally, understanding the role of circadian clock mechanisms, which affect the regulation of different mood pathways, will open up the possibility for targeted pharmacological treatments.
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subjects Affect
Affective Disorders
Animal
Animal Circadian Rhythms
Animal Models
Animals
Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use
Biogenic Monoamines - metabolism
Chronobiology Disorders - complications
Chronotherapy - methods
Circadian Clocks - genetics
Circadian Clocks - physiology
Human
Humans
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - physiopathology
Models, Biological
Mood Disorders - complications
Mood Disorders - drug therapy
Mood Disorders - genetics
Mood Disorders - metabolism
Mood Disorders - physiopathology
Mood Disorders - therapy
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis - physiology
Neurotransmission
Olfactory Bulb
Olfactory Bulb - physiopathology
Photoperiod
Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiopathology
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - physiopathology
Time
Treatment
title Rhythm and Mood: Relationships Between the Circadian Clock and Mood-Related Behavior
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