Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression
The mechanical properties of cortical bone vary not only from bone to bone; they demonstrate a spatial viability even within the same bone due to its changing microstructure. They also depend considerably on different loading modes and orientations. To understand the variability and anisotropic mech...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials 2013-05, Vol.21, p.109-120 |
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| creator | Li, Simin Demirci, Emrah Silberschmidt, Vadim V. |
| description | The mechanical properties of cortical bone vary not only from bone to bone; they demonstrate a spatial viability even within the same bone due to its changing microstructure. They also depend considerably on different loading modes and orientations. To understand the variability and anisotropic mechanical behavior of a cortical bone tissue, specimens cut from four anatomical quadrants of bovine femurs were investigated both in tension and compression tests. The obtained experimental results revealed a highly anisotropic mechanical behavior, depending also on the loading mode (tension and compression). A compressive longitudinal loading regime resulted in the best load-bearing capacity for cortical bone, while tensile transverse loading provided significantly poorer results. The distinctive stress–strain curves obtained for tension and compression demonstrated various damage mechanisms associated with different loading modes. The variability of mechanical properties for different cortices was evaluated with two-way ANOVA analyses. Statistical significances were found among different quadrants for the Young's modulus. The results of microstructure analysis of the entire transverse cross section of a cortical bone also confirmed variations of volume fractions of constituents at microscopic level between anatomic quadrants: microstructure of the anterior quadrant was dominated by plexiform bone, whereas secondary osteons were prominent in the posterior quadrant. The effective Young's modulus predicted using the modified Voigt-Reuss-Hill averaging scheme accurately reproduced our experimental results, corroborating additionally a strong effect of random and heterogeneous microstructure on variation of mechanical properties in cortical bone.
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► Variability and anisotropic mechanical properties of cortical bone are assessed. ► Different post-yield stress–strain behaviors are linked to different damage mechanisms. ► A link between variations of elastic moduli and microstructure is quantified. ► A method for accurate prediction of elastic moduli for different anatomic quadrants. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.02.021 |
| format | Article |
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► Variability and anisotropic mechanical properties of cortical bone are assessed. ► Different post-yield stress–strain behaviors are linked to different damage mechanisms. ► A link between variations of elastic moduli and microstructure is quantified. ► A method for accurate prediction of elastic moduli for different anatomic quadrants.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1751-6161</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-0180</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.02.021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23563047</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Analysis of variance ; Animals ; Anisotropy ; Biomedical materials ; Bones ; Cattle ; Compressing ; Compression ; Compressive Strength - physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Cortical bone ; Elastic Modulus - physiology ; Femur - physiology ; Image process ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mechanical properties ; Microstructure ; Models, Biological ; Quadrants ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tensile Strength - physiology ; Tension ; Variability ; Voigt-Reuss-Hill scheme ; Weight-Bearing</subject><ispartof>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 2013-05, Vol.21, p.109-120</ispartof><rights>2013 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-da2637c04040d26ffd0691d85940847d17a09c03757bc296757b27e9038b0e9a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-da2637c04040d26ffd0691d85940847d17a09c03757bc296757b27e9038b0e9a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.02.021$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23563047$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Simin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demirci, Emrah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silberschmidt, Vadim V.</creatorcontrib><title>Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression</title><title>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</title><addtitle>J Mech Behav Biomed Mater</addtitle><description>The mechanical properties of cortical bone vary not only from bone to bone; they demonstrate a spatial viability even within the same bone due to its changing microstructure. They also depend considerably on different loading modes and orientations. To understand the variability and anisotropic mechanical behavior of a cortical bone tissue, specimens cut from four anatomical quadrants of bovine femurs were investigated both in tension and compression tests. The obtained experimental results revealed a highly anisotropic mechanical behavior, depending also on the loading mode (tension and compression). A compressive longitudinal loading regime resulted in the best load-bearing capacity for cortical bone, while tensile transverse loading provided significantly poorer results. The distinctive stress–strain curves obtained for tension and compression demonstrated various damage mechanisms associated with different loading modes. The variability of mechanical properties for different cortices was evaluated with two-way ANOVA analyses. Statistical significances were found among different quadrants for the Young's modulus. The results of microstructure analysis of the entire transverse cross section of a cortical bone also confirmed variations of volume fractions of constituents at microscopic level between anatomic quadrants: microstructure of the anterior quadrant was dominated by plexiform bone, whereas secondary osteons were prominent in the posterior quadrant. The effective Young's modulus predicted using the modified Voigt-Reuss-Hill averaging scheme accurately reproduced our experimental results, corroborating additionally a strong effect of random and heterogeneous microstructure on variation of mechanical properties in cortical bone.
[Display omitted]
► Variability and anisotropic mechanical properties of cortical bone are assessed. ► Different post-yield stress–strain behaviors are linked to different damage mechanisms. ► A link between variations of elastic moduli and microstructure is quantified. ► A method for accurate prediction of elastic moduli for different anatomic quadrants.</description><subject>Analysis of variance</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anisotropy</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Bones</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Compressing</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>Compressive Strength - physiology</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Cortical bone</subject><subject>Elastic Modulus - physiology</subject><subject>Femur - physiology</subject><subject>Image process</subject><subject>In Vitro Techniques</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Quadrants</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Tensile Strength - physiology</subject><subject>Tension</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>Voigt-Reuss-Hill scheme</subject><subject>Weight-Bearing</subject><issn>1751-6161</issn><issn>1878-0180</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1P3DAQhi1UBBT4BUgox16yHduJPw49VKilSEhcgBuyHHsivErirZ1F2n9fh4UeW-SxZvzqmRnJLyEXFFYUqPi6Xq3HrhtXDChfAStBD8gJVVLVQBV8KrVsaS2ooMfkc85rAAGg1BE5ZrwVHBp5Qp4ebQq2C0OYd5WdfLkhxznFza6KfTWiey6Ks0PV4bN9CTEtsotp3otxwipM1YxTDnF6neDiuEmYl_cZOeztkPH8LZ-Sh58_7q9-1bd31zdX329r13Ix194ywaWDphzPRN97EJp61eoGVCM9lRa0Ay5b2TmmxZKZRA1cdYDa8lPyZT93k-LvLebZjCE7HAY7YdxmQ1sOWkotmv-jXLS0ZVLzD6Bccd0owQrK96hLMeeEvdmkMNq0MxTM4pZZm1e3zOKWAVaClq7LtwXbbkT_t-fdngJ82wNYPu8lYDLZBZwc-pDQzcbH8M8FfwBHW6Vn</recordid><startdate>201305</startdate><enddate>201305</enddate><creator>Li, Simin</creator><creator>Demirci, Emrah</creator><creator>Silberschmidt, Vadim V.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201305</creationdate><title>Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression</title><author>Li, Simin ; Demirci, Emrah ; Silberschmidt, Vadim V.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c536t-da2637c04040d26ffd0691d85940847d17a09c03757bc296757b27e9038b0e9a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Analysis of variance</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anisotropy</topic><topic>Biomedical materials</topic><topic>Bones</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Compressing</topic><topic>Compression</topic><topic>Compressive Strength - physiology</topic><topic>Computer Simulation</topic><topic>Cortical bone</topic><topic>Elastic Modulus - physiology</topic><topic>Femur - physiology</topic><topic>Image process</topic><topic>In Vitro Techniques</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Microstructure</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Quadrants</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Tensile Strength - physiology</topic><topic>Tension</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>Voigt-Reuss-Hill scheme</topic><topic>Weight-Bearing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Simin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demirci, Emrah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silberschmidt, Vadim V.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Simin</au><au>Demirci, Emrah</au><au>Silberschmidt, Vadim V.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials</jtitle><addtitle>J Mech Behav Biomed Mater</addtitle><date>2013-05</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>21</volume><spage>109</spage><epage>120</epage><pages>109-120</pages><issn>1751-6161</issn><eissn>1878-0180</eissn><abstract>The mechanical properties of cortical bone vary not only from bone to bone; they demonstrate a spatial viability even within the same bone due to its changing microstructure. They also depend considerably on different loading modes and orientations. To understand the variability and anisotropic mechanical behavior of a cortical bone tissue, specimens cut from four anatomical quadrants of bovine femurs were investigated both in tension and compression tests. The obtained experimental results revealed a highly anisotropic mechanical behavior, depending also on the loading mode (tension and compression). A compressive longitudinal loading regime resulted in the best load-bearing capacity for cortical bone, while tensile transverse loading provided significantly poorer results. The distinctive stress–strain curves obtained for tension and compression demonstrated various damage mechanisms associated with different loading modes. The variability of mechanical properties for different cortices was evaluated with two-way ANOVA analyses. Statistical significances were found among different quadrants for the Young's modulus. The results of microstructure analysis of the entire transverse cross section of a cortical bone also confirmed variations of volume fractions of constituents at microscopic level between anatomic quadrants: microstructure of the anterior quadrant was dominated by plexiform bone, whereas secondary osteons were prominent in the posterior quadrant. The effective Young's modulus predicted using the modified Voigt-Reuss-Hill averaging scheme accurately reproduced our experimental results, corroborating additionally a strong effect of random and heterogeneous microstructure on variation of mechanical properties in cortical bone.
[Display omitted]
► Variability and anisotropic mechanical properties of cortical bone are assessed. ► Different post-yield stress–strain behaviors are linked to different damage mechanisms. ► A link between variations of elastic moduli and microstructure is quantified. ► A method for accurate prediction of elastic moduli for different anatomic quadrants.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>23563047</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.02.021</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis of variance Animals Anisotropy Biomedical materials Bones Cattle Compressing Compression Compressive Strength - physiology Computer Simulation Cortical bone Elastic Modulus - physiology Femur - physiology Image process In Vitro Techniques Mechanical properties Microstructure Models, Biological Quadrants Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity Tensile Strength - physiology Tension Variability Voigt-Reuss-Hill scheme Weight-Bearing |
| title | Variability and anisotropy of mechanical behavior of cortical bone in tension and compression |
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