Clinical and laboratory characteristics of 1179 Czech adolescents evaluated for antibodies to human adenovirus 36

Background: Human adenovirus 36 (Adv36) is associated with obesity in children. Most prior studies have been small and the association of Adv36 status with markers of metabolic risks has been inconsistent. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Adv36 antibodies in different weight categories of adolescents and to evaluate the association of Adv36 infection with anthropometric parameters and cardiometabolic health risks. Subjects and methods: In 1179 Czech adolescents (85 underweight, 506 normal weight, 160 overweight and 428 obese), the following variables were evaluated: anthropometric (body weight, height, body mass index, circumferences, fat mass), blood pressure, biochemical and hormonal (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, liver enzymes, adiponectin) and Adv36 antibodies (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Results: Of the total cohort, 26.5% were positive for Adv36 antibodies (underweight: 22.3%; normal weight: 21.5%; overweight: 40.0% and obese: 28.0%). The odds ratio for Adv36 antibody positivity evaluated vs normal weight was 2.61 for overweight (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.77–3.86, P