Alcohol intoxication in road traffic accidents leads to higher impact speed difference, higher ISS and MAIS, and higher preclinical mortality

Abstract Alcohol is one of the most important personal risk factors for serious and fatal injuries, contributing to approximately one third of all deaths from accidents. It is also described that alcohol intoxication leads to a higher mortality in the clinical course. In this study, we hypothesized...

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Veröffentlicht in:Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2012-11, Vol.46 (7), p.681-686
Hauptverfasser: Stübig, Timo, Petri, Maximilian, Zeckey, Christian, Brand, Stephan, Müller, Christian, Otte, Dietmar, Krettek, Christian, Haasper, Carl
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container_title Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
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creator Stübig, Timo
Petri, Maximilian
Zeckey, Christian
Brand, Stephan
Müller, Christian
Otte, Dietmar
Krettek, Christian
Haasper, Carl
description Abstract Alcohol is one of the most important personal risk factors for serious and fatal injuries, contributing to approximately one third of all deaths from accidents. It is also described that alcohol intoxication leads to a higher mortality in the clinical course. In this study, we hypothesized that alcohol intoxication leads to different accident kinematics, a higher ISS (Injury Severity Score), and higher preclinical mortality compared to sober patients. A technical and medical investigation of alcohol intoxated road users was performed on the scene of the crash and at the primary admitting hospital. Alcohol testing was performed with either breath alcohol tests or measurement of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in a standard laboratory test. Between 1999 and 2010, 37,635 road traffic accidents were evaluated by the Accident Research Unit. Overall 20,741 patients were injured, 2.3% of the patients were killed. Among the injured patients, 2.2% with negative BAC were killed, compared to 4.6% fatal injuries in patients with a positive BAC ( p  
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.alcohol.2012.07.002
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It is also described that alcohol intoxication leads to a higher mortality in the clinical course. In this study, we hypothesized that alcohol intoxication leads to different accident kinematics, a higher ISS (Injury Severity Score), and higher preclinical mortality compared to sober patients. A technical and medical investigation of alcohol intoxated road users was performed on the scene of the crash and at the primary admitting hospital. Alcohol testing was performed with either breath alcohol tests or measurement of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in a standard laboratory test. Between 1999 and 2010, 37,635 road traffic accidents were evaluated by the Accident Research Unit. Overall 20,741 patients were injured, 2.3% of the patients were killed. Among the injured patients, 2.2% with negative BAC were killed, compared to 4.6% fatal injuries in patients with a positive BAC ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Of the patients with a positive BAC, 8.0% were severely injured, compared to 3.6% in the BAC negative group ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Regarding the relative speed at impact (Δ v for motorized drivers, vehicle collision speed for pedestrians and bikers), there was a significant higher difference for BAC positive patients (30 ± 20) compared to the BAC negative patients (25 ± 19, p  &lt; 0.0001). Alcohol intoxication in trauma patients leads to higher preclinical mortality, higher impact speed difference, and higher injury severity. 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It is also described that alcohol intoxication leads to a higher mortality in the clinical course. In this study, we hypothesized that alcohol intoxication leads to different accident kinematics, a higher ISS (Injury Severity Score), and higher preclinical mortality compared to sober patients. A technical and medical investigation of alcohol intoxated road users was performed on the scene of the crash and at the primary admitting hospital. Alcohol testing was performed with either breath alcohol tests or measurement of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in a standard laboratory test. Between 1999 and 2010, 37,635 road traffic accidents were evaluated by the Accident Research Unit. Overall 20,741 patients were injured, 2.3% of the patients were killed. Among the injured patients, 2.2% with negative BAC were killed, compared to 4.6% fatal injuries in patients with a positive BAC ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Of the patients with a positive BAC, 8.0% were severely injured, compared to 3.6% in the BAC negative group ( p  &lt; 0.0001). Regarding the relative speed at impact (Δ v for motorized drivers, vehicle collision speed for pedestrians and bikers), there was a significant higher difference for BAC positive patients (30 ± 20) compared to the BAC negative patients (25 ± 19, p  &lt; 0.0001). Alcohol intoxication in trauma patients leads to higher preclinical mortality, higher impact speed difference, and higher injury severity. The subgroup analysis for different alcohol concentrations shows no difference in ISS, MAIS, and relative speed, but a correlation of increasing age of patients with higher alcohol concentrations.</description><subject>Accidents, Traffic - mortality</subject><subject>Accidents, Traffic - statistics &amp; numerical data</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>Alcoholic Intoxication - blood</subject><subject>Alcoholic Intoxication - mortality</subject><subject>Alcoholic Intoxication - psychology</subject><subject>Automobile Driving - psychology</subject><subject>Automobile Driving - statistics &amp; numerical data</subject><subject>Bicycling</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Breath Tests</subject><subject>Cause of Death</subject><subject>Chi-Square Distribution</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Documentation</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Ethanol - blood</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Germany</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injury severity</subject><subject>Injury Severity Score</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Motorcycles</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Risk-Taking</subject><subject>Road users</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Traffic accidents &amp; 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subjects Accidents, Traffic - mortality
Accidents, Traffic - statistics & numerical data
Adult
Age Factors
Alcohol
Alcoholic Intoxication - blood
Alcoholic Intoxication - mortality
Alcoholic Intoxication - psychology
Automobile Driving - psychology
Automobile Driving - statistics & numerical data
Bicycling
Biomarkers - blood
Breath Tests
Cause of Death
Chi-Square Distribution
Disease
Disease prevention
Documentation
Drug dosages
Ethanol - blood
Female
Germany
Humans
Injury severity
Injury Severity Score
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Motorcycles
Psychiatry
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Risk-Taking
Road users
Studies
Time Factors
Traffic accidents & safety
Trauma
Truck drivers
Vehicles
Walking
Wounds and Injuries - blood
Wounds and Injuries - mortality
Wounds and Injuries - psychology
Young Adult
title Alcohol intoxication in road traffic accidents leads to higher impact speed difference, higher ISS and MAIS, and higher preclinical mortality
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