Seasonal accumulation of acetylated triacylglycerols by a freeze-tolerant insect

Most animals store energy as long-chain triacylglycerols (lcTAGs). Trace amounts of acetylated triacylglycerols (acTAGs) have been reported in animals, but are not accumulated, likely because they have lower energy density than lcTAGs. Here we report that acTAGs comprise 36% of the neutral lipid poo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of experimental biology 2014-05, Vol.217 (Pt 9), p.1580-1587
Hauptverfasser: Marshall, Katie E, Thomas, Raymond H, Roxin, Aron, Chen, Eric K Y, Brown, Jason C L, Gillies, Elizabeth R, Sinclair, Brent J
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container_end_page 1587
container_issue Pt 9
container_start_page 1580
container_title Journal of experimental biology
container_volume 217
creator Marshall, Katie E
Thomas, Raymond H
Roxin, Aron
Chen, Eric K Y
Brown, Jason C L
Gillies, Elizabeth R
Sinclair, Brent J
description Most animals store energy as long-chain triacylglycerols (lcTAGs). Trace amounts of acetylated triacylglycerols (acTAGs) have been reported in animals, but are not accumulated, likely because they have lower energy density than lcTAGs. Here we report that acTAGs comprise 36% of the neutral lipid pool of overwintering prepupae of the goldenrod gall fly, Eurosta solidaginis, while only 17% of the neutral lipid pool is made up of typical lcTAGs. These high concentrations of acTAGs, present only during winter, appear to be synthesized by E. solidaginis and are not found in other freeze-tolerant insects, nor in the plant host. The mixture of acTAGs found in E. solidaginis has a significantly lower melting point than equivalent lcTAGs, and thus remains liquid at temperatures at which E. solidaginis is frozen in the field, and depresses the melting point of aqueous solutions in a manner unusual for neutral lipids. We note that accumulation of acTAGs coincides with preparation for overwintering and the seasonal acquisition of freeze tolerance. This is the first observation of accumulation of acTAGs by an animal, and the first evidence of dynamic interconversion between acTAGs and lcTAGs during development and in response to stress.
doi_str_mv 10.1242/jeb.099838
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source MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Company of Biologists
subjects Adaptation, Physiological
Animals
Body Water - metabolism
Freezing
Larva - chemistry
Larva - metabolism
Seasons
Tephritidae - chemistry
Tephritidae - metabolism
Triglycerides - metabolism
title Seasonal accumulation of acetylated triacylglycerols by a freeze-tolerant insect
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