Early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health six months after spinal surgery for degenerative conditions

Abstract Background context The fear-avoidance model offers a promising framework for understanding the development of chronic postoperative pain and disability. However, limited research has examined this model in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Purpose To determine whether preoperative and ear...

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Veröffentlicht in:The spine journal 2014-05, Vol.14 (5), p.759-767
Hauptverfasser: Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT, Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD, Mathis, Shannon L., PhD, Riley, Lee H., MD, Wegener, Stephen T., PhD
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container_end_page 767
container_issue 5
container_start_page 759
container_title The spine journal
container_volume 14
creator Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT
Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD
Mathis, Shannon L., PhD
Riley, Lee H., MD
Wegener, Stephen T., PhD
description Abstract Background context The fear-avoidance model offers a promising framework for understanding the development of chronic postoperative pain and disability. However, limited research has examined this model in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Purpose To determine whether preoperative and early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health at 6 months following spinal surgery for degenerative conditions, after controlling for depressive symptoms and other potential confounding variables. Study design/setting A prospective cohort study conducted at an academic outpatient clinic. Patient sample One hundred forty-one patients undergoing surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative conditions. Outcome measures Self-reported pain and disability were measured with the Brief Pain Inventory and the Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index, respectively. The physical composite scale of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) measured physical health. Methods Data collection occurred preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery. Fear of movement was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and depression with the Prime-MD PHQ-9. Results One hundred and twenty patients (85% follow-up) completed the 6-month postoperative assessment. Multivariable mixed-method linear regression analyses found that early postoperative fear of movement (6 weeks) predicted pain intensity, pain interference, disability, and physical health at 6-month follow-up (p
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.087
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However, limited research has examined this model in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Purpose To determine whether preoperative and early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health at 6 months following spinal surgery for degenerative conditions, after controlling for depressive symptoms and other potential confounding variables. Study design/setting A prospective cohort study conducted at an academic outpatient clinic. Patient sample One hundred forty-one patients undergoing surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative conditions. Outcome measures Self-reported pain and disability were measured with the Brief Pain Inventory and the Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index, respectively. The physical composite scale of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) measured physical health. Methods Data collection occurred preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery. Fear of movement was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and depression with the Prime-MD PHQ-9. Results One hundred and twenty patients (85% follow-up) completed the 6-month postoperative assessment. Multivariable mixed-method linear regression analyses found that early postoperative fear of movement (6 weeks) predicted pain intensity, pain interference, disability, and physical health at 6-month follow-up (p&lt;.05). Preoperative and early postoperative depression predicted pain interference, disability, and physical health. Conclusion Results provide support for the fear-avoidance model in a postsurgical spine population. Early postoperative screening for fear of movement and depressive symptoms that do not acutely improve following surgical intervention appears warranted. Cognitive and behavioral strategies may be beneficial for postsurgical patients with high fear of movement and/or depressive symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1529-9430</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-1632</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.087</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24211099</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cervical Vertebrae - surgery ; Depression ; Disability Evaluation ; Disabled Persons - psychology ; Fear - psychology ; Fear of movement ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Movement ; Multivariate Analysis ; Orthopedics ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative - psychology ; Phobic Disorders - psychology ; Postoperative pain ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Rehabilitation ; Spinal Diseases - physiopathology ; Spinal Diseases - psychology ; Spinal Diseases - surgery ; Spine surgery ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The spine journal, 2014-05, Vol.14 (5), p.759-767</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. 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However, limited research has examined this model in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Purpose To determine whether preoperative and early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health at 6 months following spinal surgery for degenerative conditions, after controlling for depressive symptoms and other potential confounding variables. Study design/setting A prospective cohort study conducted at an academic outpatient clinic. Patient sample One hundred forty-one patients undergoing surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative conditions. Outcome measures Self-reported pain and disability were measured with the Brief Pain Inventory and the Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index, respectively. The physical composite scale of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) measured physical health. Methods Data collection occurred preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery. Fear of movement was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and depression with the Prime-MD PHQ-9. Results One hundred and twenty patients (85% follow-up) completed the 6-month postoperative assessment. Multivariable mixed-method linear regression analyses found that early postoperative fear of movement (6 weeks) predicted pain intensity, pain interference, disability, and physical health at 6-month follow-up (p&lt;.05). Preoperative and early postoperative depression predicted pain interference, disability, and physical health. Conclusion Results provide support for the fear-avoidance model in a postsurgical spine population. Early postoperative screening for fear of movement and depressive symptoms that do not acutely improve following surgical intervention appears warranted. Cognitive and behavioral strategies may be beneficial for postsurgical patients with high fear of movement and/or depressive symptoms.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Cervical Vertebrae - surgery</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Disability Evaluation</subject><subject>Disabled Persons - psychology</subject><subject>Fear - psychology</subject><subject>Fear of movement</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health Status</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Movement</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</subject><subject>Pain Measurement</subject><subject>Pain, Postoperative - psychology</subject><subject>Phobic Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>Postoperative pain</subject><subject>Postoperative Period</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Rehabilitation</subject><subject>Spinal Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Spinal Diseases - psychology</subject><subject>Spinal Diseases - surgery</subject><subject>Spine surgery</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1529-9430</issn><issn>1878-1632</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUsFu1TAQjBCIlsIfIOQjhybYTuLEFyRUFahUiQNwthx70-dHnh28zlPzFfwyjl7bAxckS7bkmZ3dmS2Kt4xWjDLxYV_h7DxAxSmrKyoq2nfPinPWd33JRM2f53fLZSmbmp4VrxD3lGYI4y-LM95wxqiU58Wfax2nlcwBU5gh6uSOQEbQkYSRHMIRDuATmSNYZxKSWTt_SaxDPbjJpfWSaG_JvFvRGT2RHegp7Qi6-8z1aYdEjwki2TrN37jEO4grGUMkFu7APwqa4K1LLnh8XbwY9YTw5uG-KH5-vv5x9bW8_fbl5urTbWka1qWy7bum5VYOlpmmMcKykbd8sMJC249ad80oeVczMUgtpBCiGSjIse81pZzBUF8U70915xh-L4BJHRwamCbtISyoWMt6wWkWy9DmBDUxIEYY1RzdQcdVMaq2KNRenaJQWxSKCpV9zrR3DwrLcAD7RHr0PgM-ngCQ5zw6iAqNA2-y1RFMUja4_yn8W8BMzm9B_IIVcB-WmF3Psyjkiqrv2zps28Dy4VSK-i_PgLRm</recordid><startdate>20140501</startdate><enddate>20140501</enddate><creator>Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT</creator><creator>Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD</creator><creator>Mathis, Shannon L., PhD</creator><creator>Riley, Lee H., MD</creator><creator>Wegener, Stephen T., PhD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140501</creationdate><title>Early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health six months after spinal surgery for degenerative conditions</title><author>Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT ; Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD ; Mathis, Shannon L., PhD ; Riley, Lee H., MD ; Wegener, Stephen T., PhD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-587452d9bd1c44c6d1f252bd6de58faa74f927316b9a696664b0e9f88a0021eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Cervical Vertebrae - surgery</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Disability Evaluation</topic><topic>Disabled Persons - psychology</topic><topic>Fear - psychology</topic><topic>Fear of movement</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health Status</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Movement</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</topic><topic>Pain Measurement</topic><topic>Pain, Postoperative - psychology</topic><topic>Phobic Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>Postoperative pain</topic><topic>Postoperative Period</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Rehabilitation</topic><topic>Spinal Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Spinal Diseases - psychology</topic><topic>Spinal Diseases - surgery</topic><topic>Spine surgery</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mathis, Shannon L., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riley, Lee H., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wegener, Stephen T., PhD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The spine journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Archer, Kristin R., PhD, DPT</au><au>Seebach, Caryn L., PsyD</au><au>Mathis, Shannon L., PhD</au><au>Riley, Lee H., MD</au><au>Wegener, Stephen T., PhD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health six months after spinal surgery for degenerative conditions</atitle><jtitle>The spine journal</jtitle><addtitle>Spine J</addtitle><date>2014-05-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>759</spage><epage>767</epage><pages>759-767</pages><issn>1529-9430</issn><eissn>1878-1632</eissn><abstract>Abstract Background context The fear-avoidance model offers a promising framework for understanding the development of chronic postoperative pain and disability. However, limited research has examined this model in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Purpose To determine whether preoperative and early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health at 6 months following spinal surgery for degenerative conditions, after controlling for depressive symptoms and other potential confounding variables. Study design/setting A prospective cohort study conducted at an academic outpatient clinic. Patient sample One hundred forty-one patients undergoing surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative conditions. Outcome measures Self-reported pain and disability were measured with the Brief Pain Inventory and the Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index, respectively. The physical composite scale of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) measured physical health. Methods Data collection occurred preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 6 months following surgery. Fear of movement was measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and depression with the Prime-MD PHQ-9. Results One hundred and twenty patients (85% follow-up) completed the 6-month postoperative assessment. Multivariable mixed-method linear regression analyses found that early postoperative fear of movement (6 weeks) predicted pain intensity, pain interference, disability, and physical health at 6-month follow-up (p&lt;.05). Preoperative and early postoperative depression predicted pain interference, disability, and physical health. Conclusion Results provide support for the fear-avoidance model in a postsurgical spine population. Early postoperative screening for fear of movement and depressive symptoms that do not acutely improve following surgical intervention appears warranted. Cognitive and behavioral strategies may be beneficial for postsurgical patients with high fear of movement and/or depressive symptoms.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>24211099</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.087</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cervical Vertebrae - surgery
Depression
Disability Evaluation
Disabled Persons - psychology
Fear - psychology
Fear of movement
Female
Health Status
Humans
Lumbar Vertebrae - surgery
Male
Middle Aged
Movement
Multivariate Analysis
Orthopedics
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Pain Measurement
Pain, Postoperative - psychology
Phobic Disorders - psychology
Postoperative pain
Postoperative Period
Prospective Studies
Rehabilitation
Spinal Diseases - physiopathology
Spinal Diseases - psychology
Spinal Diseases - surgery
Spine surgery
Young Adult
title Early postoperative fear of movement predicts pain, disability, and physical health six months after spinal surgery for degenerative conditions
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