Profiling Oil Sands Mixtures from Industrial Developments and Natural Groundwaters for Source Identification
The objective of this study was to identify chemical components that could distinguish chemical mixtures in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) that had potentially migrated to groundwater in the oil sands development area of northern Alberta, Canada. In the first part of the study, OSPW samples...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2014-03, Vol.48 (5), p.2660-2670 |
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| creator | Frank, Richard A Roy, James W Bickerton, Greg Rowland, Steve J Headley, John V Scarlett, Alan G West, Charles E Peru, Kerry M Parrott, Joanne L Conly, F. Malcolm Hewitt, L. Mark |
| description | The objective of this study was to identify chemical components that could distinguish chemical mixtures in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) that had potentially migrated to groundwater in the oil sands development area of northern Alberta, Canada. In the first part of the study, OSPW samples from two different tailings ponds and a broad range of natural groundwater samples were assessed with historically employed techniques as Level-1 analyses, including geochemistry, total concentrations of naphthenic acids (NAs) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). While these analyses did not allow for reliable source differentiation, they did identify samples containing significant concentrations of oil sands acid-extractable organics (AEOs). In applying Level-2 profiling analyses using electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) to samples containing appreciable AEO concentrations, differentiation of natural from OSPW sources was apparent through measurements of O2:O4 ion class ratios (ESI-HRMS) and diagnostic ions for two families of suspected monoaromatic acids (GC × GC-TOF/MS). The resemblance between the AEO profiles from OSPW and from 6 groundwater samples adjacent to two tailings ponds implies a common source, supporting the use of these complimentary analyses for source identification. These samples included two of upward flowing groundwater collected |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es500131k |
| format | Article |
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Malcolm ; Hewitt, L. Mark</creator><creatorcontrib>Frank, Richard A ; Roy, James W ; Bickerton, Greg ; Rowland, Steve J ; Headley, John V ; Scarlett, Alan G ; West, Charles E ; Peru, Kerry M ; Parrott, Joanne L ; Conly, F. Malcolm ; Hewitt, L. Mark</creatorcontrib><description>The objective of this study was to identify chemical components that could distinguish chemical mixtures in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) that had potentially migrated to groundwater in the oil sands development area of northern Alberta, Canada. In the first part of the study, OSPW samples from two different tailings ponds and a broad range of natural groundwater samples were assessed with historically employed techniques as Level-1 analyses, including geochemistry, total concentrations of naphthenic acids (NAs) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). While these analyses did not allow for reliable source differentiation, they did identify samples containing significant concentrations of oil sands acid-extractable organics (AEOs). In applying Level-2 profiling analyses using electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) to samples containing appreciable AEO concentrations, differentiation of natural from OSPW sources was apparent through measurements of O2:O4 ion class ratios (ESI-HRMS) and diagnostic ions for two families of suspected monoaromatic acids (GC × GC-TOF/MS). The resemblance between the AEO profiles from OSPW and from 6 groundwater samples adjacent to two tailings ponds implies a common source, supporting the use of these complimentary analyses for source identification. These samples included two of upward flowing groundwater collected <1 m beneath the Athabasca River, suggesting OSPW-affected groundwater is reaching the river system.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es500131k</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24446583</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Alberta ; Analysis methods ; Applied sciences ; Chromatography ; Environmental Monitoring ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fluorescence ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Geochemistry ; Groundwater ; Groundwater - analysis ; Industrial Waste - analysis ; Ions ; Mass spectrometry ; Natural water pollution ; Oil and Gas Fields - chemistry ; Oil sands ; Petroleum Pollution - analysis ; Pollution ; Scientific imaging ; Silicon Dioxide - analysis ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2014-03, Vol.48 (5), p.2660-2670</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Mar 4, 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a441t-828328aa46aaa971ebd318ad335fbebb8c9a5a3a81c74566192d70188e3d42af3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a441t-828328aa46aaa971ebd318ad335fbebb8c9a5a3a81c74566192d70188e3d42af3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es500131k$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es500131k$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2752,27053,27901,27902,56713,56763</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28318548$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24446583$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Frank, Richard A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roy, James W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bickerton, Greg</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rowland, Steve J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Headley, John V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scarlett, Alan G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, Charles E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peru, Kerry M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parrott, Joanne L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conly, F. Malcolm</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hewitt, L. Mark</creatorcontrib><title>Profiling Oil Sands Mixtures from Industrial Developments and Natural Groundwaters for Source Identification</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to identify chemical components that could distinguish chemical mixtures in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) that had potentially migrated to groundwater in the oil sands development area of northern Alberta, Canada. In the first part of the study, OSPW samples from two different tailings ponds and a broad range of natural groundwater samples were assessed with historically employed techniques as Level-1 analyses, including geochemistry, total concentrations of naphthenic acids (NAs) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). While these analyses did not allow for reliable source differentiation, they did identify samples containing significant concentrations of oil sands acid-extractable organics (AEOs). In applying Level-2 profiling analyses using electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) to samples containing appreciable AEO concentrations, differentiation of natural from OSPW sources was apparent through measurements of O2:O4 ion class ratios (ESI-HRMS) and diagnostic ions for two families of suspected monoaromatic acids (GC × GC-TOF/MS). The resemblance between the AEO profiles from OSPW and from 6 groundwater samples adjacent to two tailings ponds implies a common source, supporting the use of these complimentary analyses for source identification. 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Malcolm</au><au>Hewitt, L. Mark</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Profiling Oil Sands Mixtures from Industrial Developments and Natural Groundwaters for Source Identification</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2014-03-04</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>48</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>2660</spage><epage>2670</epage><pages>2660-2670</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>The objective of this study was to identify chemical components that could distinguish chemical mixtures in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) that had potentially migrated to groundwater in the oil sands development area of northern Alberta, Canada. In the first part of the study, OSPW samples from two different tailings ponds and a broad range of natural groundwater samples were assessed with historically employed techniques as Level-1 analyses, including geochemistry, total concentrations of naphthenic acids (NAs) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). While these analyses did not allow for reliable source differentiation, they did identify samples containing significant concentrations of oil sands acid-extractable organics (AEOs). In applying Level-2 profiling analyses using electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) to samples containing appreciable AEO concentrations, differentiation of natural from OSPW sources was apparent through measurements of O2:O4 ion class ratios (ESI-HRMS) and diagnostic ions for two families of suspected monoaromatic acids (GC × GC-TOF/MS). The resemblance between the AEO profiles from OSPW and from 6 groundwater samples adjacent to two tailings ponds implies a common source, supporting the use of these complimentary analyses for source identification. These samples included two of upward flowing groundwater collected <1 m beneath the Athabasca River, suggesting OSPW-affected groundwater is reaching the river system.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>24446583</pmid><doi>10.1021/es500131k</doi><tpages>11</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Alberta Analysis methods Applied sciences Chromatography Environmental Monitoring Exact sciences and technology Fluorescence Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Geochemistry Groundwater Groundwater - analysis Industrial Waste - analysis Ions Mass spectrometry Natural water pollution Oil and Gas Fields - chemistry Oil sands Petroleum Pollution - analysis Pollution Scientific imaging Silicon Dioxide - analysis Spectrometry, Fluorescence Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Profiling Oil Sands Mixtures from Industrial Developments and Natural Groundwaters for Source Identification |
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