Effects of diabetes and smoking on lumbar spinal surgery outcomes

Abstract Smoking and diabetes have long been considered risk factors for poor surgical outcome. However, the precise role of smoking and diabetes in the development of poor outcome in lumbar spinal surgery remains ambiguous. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of diabetes and smoking...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of clinical neuroscience 2013-12, Vol.20 (12), p.1713-1717
Hauptverfasser: Appaduray, Shaun Previn, Lo, Patrick
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
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