Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type

The Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model is the Canadian atmospheric model used for meteorological forecasting at all scales. A limited-area version now also exists. It is a gridpoint model with an implicit semi-Lagrangian iterative space–time integration scheme. In the “horizontal,” the equa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Monthly weather review 2014-03, Vol.142 (3), p.1183-1196
Hauptverfasser: Girard, Claude, Plante, André, Desgagné, Michel, McTaggart-Cowan, Ron, Côté, Jean, Charron, Martin, Gravel, Sylvie, Lee, Vivian, Patoine, Alain, Qaddouri, Abdessamad, Roch, Michel, Spacek, Lubos, Tanguay, Monique, Vaillancourt, Paul A., Zadra, Ayrton
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container_end_page 1196
container_issue 3
container_start_page 1183
container_title Monthly weather review
container_volume 142
creator Girard, Claude
Plante, André
Desgagné, Michel
McTaggart-Cowan, Ron
Côté, Jean
Charron, Martin
Gravel, Sylvie
Lee, Vivian
Patoine, Alain
Qaddouri, Abdessamad
Roch, Michel
Spacek, Lubos
Tanguay, Monique
Vaillancourt, Paul A.
Zadra, Ayrton
description The Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model is the Canadian atmospheric model used for meteorological forecasting at all scales. A limited-area version now also exists. It is a gridpoint model with an implicit semi-Lagrangian iterative space–time integration scheme. In the “horizontal,” the equations are written in spherical coordinates with the traditional shallow atmosphere approximations and are discretized on an Arakawa C grid. In the “vertical,” the equations were originally defined using a hydrostatic-pressure coordinate and discretized on a regular (unstaggered) grid, a configuration found to be particularly susceptible to noise. Among the possible alternatives, the Charney–Phillips grid, with its unique characteristics, and, as the vertical coordinate, log-hydrostatic pressure are adopted. In this paper, an attempt is made to justify these two choices on theoretical grounds. The resulting equations and their vertical discretization are described and the solution method of what is forming the new dynamical core of GEM is presented, focusing on these two aspects.
doi_str_mv 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00255.1
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source American Meteorological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Accuracy
Approximation
Atmospheric models
Discretization
Hydrostatic pressure
Iterative methods
Linear equations
Mathematical models
Meteorology
Modelling
Noise
Pressure
Spherical coordinates
Time integration
Variables
Weather forecasting
title Staggered Vertical Discretization of the Canadian Environmental Multiscale (GEM) Model Using a Coordinate of the Log-Hydrostatic-Pressure Type
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