Enhancement of electroconductivity of polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites through in situ emulsion polymerization
The present study introduces a systematic approach to disperse graphene oxide (GO) during emulsion polymerization (EP) of Polyaniline (PANI) to form nanocomposites with improved electrical conductivities. PANI/GO samples were fabricated by loading different weight percents (wt%) of GO through modifi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of materials science 2014-02, Vol.49 (3), p.1328-1335 |
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| creator | Imran, Syed Muhammad Kim, YouNa Shao, Godlisten N. Hussain, Manwar Choa, Yong-ho Kim, Hee Taik |
| description | The present study introduces a systematic approach to disperse graphene oxide (GO) during emulsion polymerization (EP) of Polyaniline (PANI) to form nanocomposites with improved electrical conductivities. PANI/GO samples were fabricated by loading different weight percents (wt%) of GO through modified in situ EP of the aniline monomer. The polymerization process was carried out in the presence of a functionalized protonic acid such as dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, which acts both as an emulsifier and protonating agent. The microstructure of the PANI/GO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analyses. The formed nanocomposites exhibited superior morphology and thermal stability. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite pellets pressed at different applied pressures were determined using the four-probe analyzer. It was observed that the addition of GO was an essential component to improving the thermal stability and electrical conductivities of the PANI/GO nanocomposites. The electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites were considerably enhanced as compared to those of the individual PANI samples pressed at the same pressures. An enhanced conductivity of 474 S/m was observed at 5 wt% GO loading and an applied pressure of 6 t. Therefore, PANI/GO composites with desirable properties for various semiconductor applications can be obtained by in situ addition of GO during the polymerization process. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10853-013-7816-5 |
| format | Article |
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PANI/GO samples were fabricated by loading different weight percents (wt%) of GO through modified in situ EP of the aniline monomer. The polymerization process was carried out in the presence of a functionalized protonic acid such as dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, which acts both as an emulsifier and protonating agent. The microstructure of the PANI/GO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analyses. The formed nanocomposites exhibited superior morphology and thermal stability. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite pellets pressed at different applied pressures were determined using the four-probe analyzer. It was observed that the addition of GO was an essential component to improving the thermal stability and electrical conductivities of the PANI/GO nanocomposites. The electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites were considerably enhanced as compared to those of the individual PANI samples pressed at the same pressures. An enhanced conductivity of 474 S/m was observed at 5 wt% GO loading and an applied pressure of 6 t. Therefore, PANI/GO composites with desirable properties for various semiconductor applications can be obtained by in situ addition of GO during the polymerization process.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-2461</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-4803</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10853-013-7816-5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: Springer US</publisher><subject>Addition polymerization ; Aniline ; Benzene ; Benzenesulfonic acids ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Classical Mechanics ; Crystallography and Scattering Methods ; Differential thermal analysis ; Differential thermogravimetric analysis ; Diffraction ; Electric properties ; Electrical conductivity ; Electrical resistivity ; Emulsion polymerization ; Fourier transforms ; Graphene ; Infrared analysis ; Materials Science ; Microscopy ; Morphology ; Nanocomposites ; Particulate composites ; Polyanilines ; Polymer Sciences ; Polymerization ; Resistivity ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Semiconductors ; Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate ; Solid Mechanics ; Stability analysis ; Thermal stability ; Transmission electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; X-rays</subject><ispartof>Journal of materials science, 2014-02, Vol.49 (3), p.1328-1335</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Springer</rights><rights>Journal of Materials Science is a copyright of Springer, (2013). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-8f7e87724230b516c8062de406af9c61acbba0e0e190f7e170305299bfde073f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-8f7e87724230b516c8062de406af9c61acbba0e0e190f7e170305299bfde073f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10853-013-7816-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10853-013-7816-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Imran, Syed Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, YouNa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shao, Godlisten N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Manwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choa, Yong-ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hee Taik</creatorcontrib><title>Enhancement of electroconductivity of polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites through in situ emulsion polymerization</title><title>Journal of materials science</title><addtitle>J Mater Sci</addtitle><description>The present study introduces a systematic approach to disperse graphene oxide (GO) during emulsion polymerization (EP) of Polyaniline (PANI) to form nanocomposites with improved electrical conductivities. PANI/GO samples were fabricated by loading different weight percents (wt%) of GO through modified in situ EP of the aniline monomer. The polymerization process was carried out in the presence of a functionalized protonic acid such as dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, which acts both as an emulsifier and protonating agent. The microstructure of the PANI/GO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analyses. The formed nanocomposites exhibited superior morphology and thermal stability. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite pellets pressed at different applied pressures were determined using the four-probe analyzer. It was observed that the addition of GO was an essential component to improving the thermal stability and electrical conductivities of the PANI/GO nanocomposites. The electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites were considerably enhanced as compared to those of the individual PANI samples pressed at the same pressures. An enhanced conductivity of 474 S/m was observed at 5 wt% GO loading and an applied pressure of 6 t. Therefore, PANI/GO composites with desirable properties for various semiconductor applications can be obtained by in situ addition of GO during the polymerization process.</description><subject>Addition polymerization</subject><subject>Aniline</subject><subject>Benzene</subject><subject>Benzenesulfonic acids</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Classical Mechanics</subject><subject>Crystallography and Scattering Methods</subject><subject>Differential thermal analysis</subject><subject>Differential thermogravimetric analysis</subject><subject>Diffraction</subject><subject>Electric properties</subject><subject>Electrical conductivity</subject><subject>Electrical resistivity</subject><subject>Emulsion polymerization</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Infrared analysis</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Particulate composites</subject><subject>Polyanilines</subject><subject>Polymer Sciences</subject><subject>Polymerization</subject><subject>Resistivity</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Semiconductors</subject><subject>Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate</subject><subject>Solid Mechanics</subject><subject>Stability analysis</subject><subject>Thermal stability</subject><subject>Transmission electron microscopy</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><subject>X-rays</subject><issn>0022-2461</issn><issn>1573-4803</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV-L1TAQxYMoeF39AL4VfNGH7k6SJmkfl2XVhQXBP88hN532ZmmTmqTuXj-9uVaQFWQehjn8zjDMIeQ1hXMKoC4ShVbwGiivVUtlLZ6QHRWK100L_CnZATBWs0bS5-RFSncAIBSjO3J_7Q_GW5zR5yoMFU5ocww2-H612f1w-XiSlzAdjXeT83gxRrMc0GMVHlyPlTe-4PMSksuYqnyIYR0PlfNVEdYK53VKLvjfK2aM7qfJZXxJng1mSvjqTz8j395ff736WN9--nBzdXlb26Ztc90OClulWMM47AWVtgXJemxAmqGzkhq73xtAQNpBQakCDoJ13X7oERQf-Bl5u-1dYvi-Ysp6dsniNBmPYU2aCpC8fE6qgr75B70La_TlOs2Y6ApGRVOo840azYTa-SHkaGypHmdX3oaDK_oll7xTXKiT4d0jQ2EyPuTRrCnpmy-fH7N0Y20MKUUc9BLdbOJRU9CnnPWWsy4561POWhQP2zypsH7E-Pfs_5t-AaKdrF0</recordid><startdate>20140201</startdate><enddate>20140201</enddate><creator>Imran, Syed Muhammad</creator><creator>Kim, YouNa</creator><creator>Shao, Godlisten N.</creator><creator>Hussain, Manwar</creator><creator>Choa, Yong-ho</creator><creator>Kim, Hee Taik</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140201</creationdate><title>Enhancement of electroconductivity of polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites through in situ emulsion polymerization</title><author>Imran, Syed Muhammad ; Kim, YouNa ; Shao, Godlisten N. ; Hussain, Manwar ; Choa, Yong-ho ; Kim, Hee Taik</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-8f7e87724230b516c8062de406af9c61acbba0e0e190f7e170305299bfde073f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Addition polymerization</topic><topic>Aniline</topic><topic>Benzene</topic><topic>Benzenesulfonic acids</topic><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Classical Mechanics</topic><topic>Crystallography and Scattering Methods</topic><topic>Differential thermal analysis</topic><topic>Differential thermogravimetric analysis</topic><topic>Diffraction</topic><topic>Electric properties</topic><topic>Electrical conductivity</topic><topic>Electrical resistivity</topic><topic>Emulsion polymerization</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Graphene</topic><topic>Infrared analysis</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Nanocomposites</topic><topic>Particulate composites</topic><topic>Polyanilines</topic><topic>Polymer Sciences</topic><topic>Polymerization</topic><topic>Resistivity</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Semiconductors</topic><topic>Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate</topic><topic>Solid Mechanics</topic><topic>Stability analysis</topic><topic>Thermal stability</topic><topic>Transmission electron microscopy</topic><topic>X-ray diffraction</topic><topic>X-rays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Imran, Syed Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, YouNa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shao, Godlisten N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Manwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choa, Yong-ho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hee Taik</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of materials science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Imran, Syed Muhammad</au><au>Kim, YouNa</au><au>Shao, Godlisten N.</au><au>Hussain, Manwar</au><au>Choa, Yong-ho</au><au>Kim, Hee Taik</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Enhancement of electroconductivity of polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites through in situ emulsion polymerization</atitle><jtitle>Journal of materials science</jtitle><stitle>J Mater Sci</stitle><date>2014-02-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1328</spage><epage>1335</epage><pages>1328-1335</pages><issn>0022-2461</issn><eissn>1573-4803</eissn><abstract>The present study introduces a systematic approach to disperse graphene oxide (GO) during emulsion polymerization (EP) of Polyaniline (PANI) to form nanocomposites with improved electrical conductivities. PANI/GO samples were fabricated by loading different weight percents (wt%) of GO through modified in situ EP of the aniline monomer. The polymerization process was carried out in the presence of a functionalized protonic acid such as dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, which acts both as an emulsifier and protonating agent. The microstructure of the PANI/GO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, differential thermal, and thermogravimetric analyses. The formed nanocomposites exhibited superior morphology and thermal stability. Meanwhile, the electrical conductivities of the nanocomposite pellets pressed at different applied pressures were determined using the four-probe analyzer. It was observed that the addition of GO was an essential component to improving the thermal stability and electrical conductivities of the PANI/GO nanocomposites. The electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites were considerably enhanced as compared to those of the individual PANI samples pressed at the same pressures. An enhanced conductivity of 474 S/m was observed at 5 wt% GO loading and an applied pressure of 6 t. Therefore, PANI/GO composites with desirable properties for various semiconductor applications can be obtained by in situ addition of GO during the polymerization process.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s10853-013-7816-5</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Addition polymerization Aniline Benzene Benzenesulfonic acids Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemistry and Materials Science Classical Mechanics Crystallography and Scattering Methods Differential thermal analysis Differential thermogravimetric analysis Diffraction Electric properties Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity Emulsion polymerization Fourier transforms Graphene Infrared analysis Materials Science Microscopy Morphology Nanocomposites Particulate composites Polyanilines Polymer Sciences Polymerization Resistivity Scanning electron microscopy Semiconductors Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Solid Mechanics Stability analysis Thermal stability Transmission electron microscopy X-ray diffraction X-rays |
| title | Enhancement of electroconductivity of polyaniline/graphene oxide nanocomposites through in situ emulsion polymerization |
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