Predicting the emergence of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on a degree‐day scale in North America

BACKGROUND: Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of apple, pear and walnut production in North America. Management programs are based on preventing larval entry into the fruit or nut and are typically timed by heat‐driven models that are synchronized to fiel...

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Veröffentlicht in:Pest management science 2013-12, Vol.69 (12), p.1393-1398
Hauptverfasser: Jones, Vincent P, Hilton, Richard, Brunner, Jay F, Bentley, Walt J, Alston, Diane G, Barrett, Bruce, Van Steenwyk, Robert A, Hull, Larry A, Walgenbach, James F, Coates, William W, Smith, Timothy J
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container_end_page 1398
container_issue 12
container_start_page 1393
container_title Pest management science
container_volume 69
creator Jones, Vincent P
Hilton, Richard
Brunner, Jay F
Bentley, Walt J
Alston, Diane G
Barrett, Bruce
Van Steenwyk, Robert A
Hull, Larry A
Walgenbach, James F
Coates, William W
Smith, Timothy J
description BACKGROUND: Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of apple, pear and walnut production in North America. Management programs are based on preventing larval entry into the fruit or nut and are typically timed by heat‐driven models that are synchronized to field populations by first capture of overwintering moths in pheromone traps. Unfortunately, trap capture is affected by a range of environmental parameters as well as by the use of mating disruption, which makes detecting first flight difficult, thus complicating implementation of management programs. The present goal was to evaluate data collected from a broad range of locations across North America to see whether average first spring emergence times could be predicted. RESULTS: Average emergence time on a degree‐day scale from 1 January was predictable using latitude and elevation. Sites at elevations of
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Sites at elevations of &lt;400 m fit a simple quadratic equation using latitude, but, when higher elevations were included, a multiple regression using elevation was required. CONCLUSIONS: The present models can be used to simplify management programs for codling moth in areas where heat‐driven models that require extensive trapping to synchronize with emergence are currently used. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry</description><identifier>ISSN: 1526-498X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1526-4998</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ps.3519</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23424021</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PMSCFC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Altitude ; Animals ; apples ; biofix ; Biological and medical sciences ; Butterflies &amp; moths ; codling moth ; Control ; Cydia pomonella ; flight ; Fruits ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Manag. Sci</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND: Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of apple, pear and walnut production in North America. Management programs are based on preventing larval entry into the fruit or nut and are typically timed by heat‐driven models that are synchronized to field populations by first capture of overwintering moths in pheromone traps. Unfortunately, trap capture is affected by a range of environmental parameters as well as by the use of mating disruption, which makes detecting first flight difficult, thus complicating implementation of management programs. The present goal was to evaluate data collected from a broad range of locations across North America to see whether average first spring emergence times could be predicted. RESULTS: Average emergence time on a degree‐day scale from 1 January was predictable using latitude and elevation. Sites at elevations of &lt;400 m fit a simple quadratic equation using latitude, but, when higher elevations were included, a multiple regression using elevation was required. CONCLUSIONS: The present models can be used to simplify management programs for codling moth in areas where heat‐driven models that require extensive trapping to synchronize with emergence are currently used. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry</description><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>apples</subject><subject>biofix</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Butterflies &amp; moths</subject><subject>codling moth</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Cydia pomonella</subject><subject>flight</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Insect Control</subject><subject>Juglans</subject><subject>Larva - growth &amp; development</subject><subject>larvae</subject><subject>latitude</subject><subject>Lepidoptera</subject><subject>Malus</subject><subject>Malus - parasitology</subject><subject>mating disruption</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>moths</subject><subject>Moths - growth &amp; development</subject><subject>North America</subject><subject>overwintering</subject><subject>pears</subject><subject>Pest control</subject><subject>pest management</subject><subject>pests</subject><subject>pheromone traps</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - prevention &amp; control</subject><subject>Population biology</subject><subject>prediction</subject><subject>Protozoa. Invertebrates</subject><subject>Pyrus - parasitology</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>spring</subject><subject>Tortricidae</subject><subject>trapping</subject><issn>1526-498X</issn><issn>1526-4998</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0t1u0zAUAGALgdgoiDcASwhpiGX4L07M3VSxgVSNim2CO8t1TlqPJA52Kugd4gl4Rp4EZy1F4oYrWz6fjn2OD0KPKTmhhLBXfTzhOVV30CHNmcyEUuXd_b78dIAexHhDCFFKsfvogHHBBGH0EP2YB6icHVy3xMMKMLQQltBZwL6-PbC-asZg64fVMZ5uKmdw71vfQdMYfDSD3lW-HyCY1_jKhyE46yoDL46x77DBFSwDwK_vPyuzwdGaBrDr8EWCK3ya7nLWPET3atNEeLRbJ-j67M3V9G02e3_-bno6y6zgpcpoDnmpGK0IWChqqIS1rCYFl4xQYFBDvZBQcsJszlnNE7SykEKl2KLggk_Q0TZvH_yXNcRBty7asYwO_DpqmhMhckpZ_n8qZMlLoniR6LN_6I1fhy4VklReSs7JrXqyU-tFC5Xug2tN2Og_H5HA8x0wY5fqYDrr4l9XKFqolGyCXm7dV9fAZh-nRI9zoPuoxznQ88txSTrbahcH-LbXJnzWsuBFrj9enGtyJudUfiBaJv9062vjtVmG9ILry9RekUanUEww_hsKTLrb</recordid><startdate>201312</startdate><enddate>201312</enddate><creator>Jones, Vincent P</creator><creator>Hilton, Richard</creator><creator>Brunner, Jay F</creator><creator>Bentley, Walt J</creator><creator>Alston, Diane G</creator><creator>Barrett, Bruce</creator><creator>Van Steenwyk, Robert A</creator><creator>Hull, Larry A</creator><creator>Walgenbach, James F</creator><creator>Coates, William W</creator><creator>Smith, Timothy J</creator><general>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</general><general>Wiley</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201312</creationdate><title>Predicting the emergence of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on a degree‐day scale in North America</title><author>Jones, Vincent P ; Hilton, Richard ; Brunner, Jay F ; Bentley, Walt J ; Alston, Diane G ; Barrett, Bruce ; Van Steenwyk, Robert A ; Hull, Larry A ; Walgenbach, James F ; Coates, William W ; Smith, Timothy J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4389-15e58921d0ece7fed4cc2f0736201e2efefb6e8302c532f31d0c67649e2eb7343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>apples</topic><topic>biofix</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Butterflies &amp; moths</topic><topic>codling moth</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Cydia pomonella</topic><topic>flight</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Heat</topic><topic>Insect Control</topic><topic>Juglans</topic><topic>Larva - growth &amp; development</topic><topic>larvae</topic><topic>latitude</topic><topic>Lepidoptera</topic><topic>Malus</topic><topic>Malus - parasitology</topic><topic>mating disruption</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>moths</topic><topic>Moths - growth &amp; development</topic><topic>North America</topic><topic>overwintering</topic><topic>pears</topic><topic>Pest control</topic><topic>pest management</topic><topic>pests</topic><topic>pheromone traps</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - prevention &amp; control</topic><topic>Population biology</topic><topic>prediction</topic><topic>Protozoa. 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Manag. Sci</addtitle><date>2013-12</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1393</spage><epage>1398</epage><pages>1393-1398</pages><issn>1526-498X</issn><eissn>1526-4998</eissn><coden>PMSCFC</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND: Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a major pest of apple, pear and walnut production in North America. Management programs are based on preventing larval entry into the fruit or nut and are typically timed by heat‐driven models that are synchronized to field populations by first capture of overwintering moths in pheromone traps. Unfortunately, trap capture is affected by a range of environmental parameters as well as by the use of mating disruption, which makes detecting first flight difficult, thus complicating implementation of management programs. The present goal was to evaluate data collected from a broad range of locations across North America to see whether average first spring emergence times could be predicted. RESULTS: Average emergence time on a degree‐day scale from 1 January was predictable using latitude and elevation. Sites at elevations of &lt;400 m fit a simple quadratic equation using latitude, but, when higher elevations were included, a multiple regression using elevation was required. CONCLUSIONS: The present models can be used to simplify management programs for codling moth in areas where heat‐driven models that require extensive trapping to synchronize with emergence are currently used. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</pub><pmid>23424021</pmid><doi>10.1002/ps.3519</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Altitude
Animals
apples
biofix
Biological and medical sciences
Butterflies & moths
codling moth
Control
Cydia pomonella
flight
Fruits
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heat
Insect Control
Juglans
Larva - growth & development
larvae
latitude
Lepidoptera
Malus
Malus - parasitology
mating disruption
Models, Biological
moths
Moths - growth & development
North America
overwintering
pears
Pest control
pest management
pests
pheromone traps
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Plant Diseases - parasitology
Plant Diseases - prevention & control
Population biology
prediction
Protozoa. Invertebrates
Pyrus - parasitology
Regression analysis
Seasons
spring
Tortricidae
trapping
title Predicting the emergence of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), on a degree‐day scale in North America
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