Photochemical decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid mediated by iron in strongly acidic conditions

•Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was decomposed based on ferric ion performance.•Complete decomposition of PFOA was confirmed in strongly acidic conditions.•Fe2+ changed to Fe3+ to restore chemical equilibrium in this condition.•Fe3+ was only produced from Fe2+ by hydroxyl radical in weakly acidic con...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of hazardous materials 2014-03, Vol.268, p.150-155
Hauptverfasser: Ohno, Masaki, Ito, Masataka, Ohkura, Ryouichi, Mino A, Esteban R., Kose, Tomohiro, Okuda, Tetsuji, Nakai, Satoshi, Kawata, Kuniaki, Nishijima, Wataru
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container_issue
container_start_page 150
container_title Journal of hazardous materials
container_volume 268
creator Ohno, Masaki
Ito, Masataka
Ohkura, Ryouichi
Mino A, Esteban R.
Kose, Tomohiro
Okuda, Tetsuji
Nakai, Satoshi
Kawata, Kuniaki
Nishijima, Wataru
description •Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was decomposed based on ferric ion performance.•Complete decomposition of PFOA was confirmed in strongly acidic conditions.•Fe2+ changed to Fe3+ to restore chemical equilibrium in this condition.•Fe3+ was only produced from Fe2+ by hydroxyl radical in weakly acidic conditions.•The Fe3+ regeneration mechanisms resulted in the performance of Fe3+ for PFOA. The performance of a ferric ion mediated photochemical process for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) decomposition in strongly acidic conditions of pH 2.0 was evaluated in comparison with those in weakly acidic conditions, pH 3.7 or pH 5.0, based on iron species composition and ferric ion regeneration. Complete decomposition of PFOA under UV irradiation was confirmed at pH 2.0, whereas perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and other intermediates were accumulated in weakly acidic conditions. Iron states at each pH were evaluated using a chemical equilibrium model, Visual MINTEQ. The main iron species at pH 2.0 is Fe3+ ion. Although Fe3+ ion is consumed and is transformed to Fe2+ ion by photochemical decomposition of PFOA and its intermediates, the produced Fe2+ ion will change to Fe3+ ion to restore chemical equilibrium. Continuous decomposition will occur at pH 2.0. However, half of the iron cannot be dissolved at pH 3.7. The main species of dissolved iron is Fe(OH)2+. At pH 3.7 or higher pH, Fe3+ ion will only be produced from the oxidation of Fe2+ ion by hydroxyl radical produced by Fe(OH)2+ under UV irradiation. These different mechanisms of Fe3+ regeneration that prevail in strongly and weakly acidic conditions will engender different performances of the ferric ion.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.059
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The performance of a ferric ion mediated photochemical process for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) decomposition in strongly acidic conditions of pH 2.0 was evaluated in comparison with those in weakly acidic conditions, pH 3.7 or pH 5.0, based on iron species composition and ferric ion regeneration. Complete decomposition of PFOA under UV irradiation was confirmed at pH 2.0, whereas perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and other intermediates were accumulated in weakly acidic conditions. Iron states at each pH were evaluated using a chemical equilibrium model, Visual MINTEQ. The main iron species at pH 2.0 is Fe3+ ion. Although Fe3+ ion is consumed and is transformed to Fe2+ ion by photochemical decomposition of PFOA and its intermediates, the produced Fe2+ ion will change to Fe3+ ion to restore chemical equilibrium. Continuous decomposition will occur at pH 2.0. However, half of the iron cannot be dissolved at pH 3.7. The main species of dissolved iron is Fe(OH)2+. At pH 3.7 or higher pH, Fe3+ ion will only be produced from the oxidation of Fe2+ ion by hydroxyl radical produced by Fe(OH)2+ under UV irradiation. 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The performance of a ferric ion mediated photochemical process for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) decomposition in strongly acidic conditions of pH 2.0 was evaluated in comparison with those in weakly acidic conditions, pH 3.7 or pH 5.0, based on iron species composition and ferric ion regeneration. Complete decomposition of PFOA under UV irradiation was confirmed at pH 2.0, whereas perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and other intermediates were accumulated in weakly acidic conditions. Iron states at each pH were evaluated using a chemical equilibrium model, Visual MINTEQ. The main iron species at pH 2.0 is Fe3+ ion. Although Fe3+ ion is consumed and is transformed to Fe2+ ion by photochemical decomposition of PFOA and its intermediates, the produced Fe2+ ion will change to Fe3+ ion to restore chemical equilibrium. Continuous decomposition will occur at pH 2.0. However, half of the iron cannot be dissolved at pH 3.7. The main species of dissolved iron is Fe(OH)2+. At pH 3.7 or higher pH, Fe3+ ion will only be produced from the oxidation of Fe2+ ion by hydroxyl radical produced by Fe(OH)2+ under UV irradiation. 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The performance of a ferric ion mediated photochemical process for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) decomposition in strongly acidic conditions of pH 2.0 was evaluated in comparison with those in weakly acidic conditions, pH 3.7 or pH 5.0, based on iron species composition and ferric ion regeneration. Complete decomposition of PFOA under UV irradiation was confirmed at pH 2.0, whereas perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and other intermediates were accumulated in weakly acidic conditions. Iron states at each pH were evaluated using a chemical equilibrium model, Visual MINTEQ. The main iron species at pH 2.0 is Fe3+ ion. Although Fe3+ ion is consumed and is transformed to Fe2+ ion by photochemical decomposition of PFOA and its intermediates, the produced Fe2+ ion will change to Fe3+ ion to restore chemical equilibrium. Continuous decomposition will occur at pH 2.0. However, half of the iron cannot be dissolved at pH 3.7. The main species of dissolved iron is Fe(OH)2+. At pH 3.7 or higher pH, Fe3+ ion will only be produced from the oxidation of Fe2+ ion by hydroxyl radical produced by Fe(OH)2+ under UV irradiation. These different mechanisms of Fe3+ regeneration that prevail in strongly and weakly acidic conditions will engender different performances of the ferric ion.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>24491439</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.059</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record>
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Acid condition
Applied sciences
Caprylates - chemistry
Caprylates - isolation & purification
Caprylates - radiation effects
Chemical engineering
Decomposition
Exact sciences and technology
Ferric Compounds - chemistry
Ferric ion
Fluorocarbons - chemistry
Fluorocarbons - isolation & purification
Fluorocarbons - radiation effects
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Perfluorooctanoic acid
Pollution
Reactors
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet Rays
Waste Water - chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification
Water Pollutants, Chemical - radiation effects
Water Purification - methods
title Photochemical decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid mediated by iron in strongly acidic conditions
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