A comparison of lead-acid and lithium-based battery behavior and capacity fade in off-grid renewable charging applications

The effects of variable charging rates and incomplete charging in off-grid renewable energy applications are studied by comparing battery degradation rates and mechanisms in lead-acid, LCO (lithium cobalt oxide), LCO-NMC (LCO-lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide composite), and LFP (lithium iron ph...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Energy (Oxford) 2013-10, Vol.60, p.492-500
Hauptverfasser:	Krieger, Elena M., Cannarella, John, Arnold, Craig B.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Acceptance Applied sciences batteries Capacity fade Charge Charging cobalt Cobalt oxides Degradation Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation Electric batteries Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering Electrical power engineering Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells Exact sciences and technology iron phosphates Lead acid batteries Lead-acid lithium Lithium batteries Lithium-ion longevity manganese nickel Off-grid renewables Renewable energy renewable energy sources Variable charge Wind
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