Spatio-temporal dynamics of heavy metals in sediments of the river estuarine system: Mahanadi basin (India)

Dynamics of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Mahanadi river estuarine system were studied for three different seasons. This study demonstrates that the relative abundance of these metals follows in the order of Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cr > Ni ≥ Co > Cu > Cd. The spatial patt...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental earth sciences 2014-02, Vol.71 (4), p.1893-1909
Hauptverfasser: Sundaray, Sanjay Kumar, Nayak, Binod Bihari, Lee, Byeong-Gweon, Bhatta, Dinabandhu
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container_title Environmental earth sciences
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creator Sundaray, Sanjay Kumar
Nayak, Binod Bihari
Lee, Byeong-Gweon
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description Dynamics of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Mahanadi river estuarine system were studied for three different seasons. This study demonstrates that the relative abundance of these metals follows in the order of Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cr > Ni ≥ Co > Cu > Cd. The spatial pattern of heavy metals supported by enrichment ratio data, suggests their anthropogenic sources possibly from various industrial wastes and municipal wastes as well as agricultural runoff. The metal concentrations in estuarine sediments are relatively higher than in the river due to adsorption/accumulation of metals on sediments during saline mixing, while there is a decreasing trend of heavy metal concentrations towards the marine side. The temporal variations for metals, such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni and Pb exhibit higher values during monsoon season, which are related to agricultural runoff. Higher elemental concentrations are observed during pre-monsoon season for these above metals (except Ni) at the polluted stations and for metals, such as Cr, Co and Cd at all sites, which demonstrate the intensity of anthropogenic contribution. R-mode factor analysis reveals that “Fe–Mn oxy hydroxide”, “organic matter”, “CaCO₃”, and “textural variables” factors are the major controlling geochemical factors for the enrichment of heavy metals in river estuarine sediment and their seasonal variations, though their intensities were different for different seasons. The relationships among the stations are highlighted by cluster analysis, represented in dendrograms to categorize different contributing sites for the enrichment of heavy metals in the river estuarine system.
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subjects adsorption
Agricultural runoff
anthropogenic activities
Anthropogenic factors
Basins
Biogeosciences
Brackish
Cadmium
calcium carbonate
chromium
cluster analysis
cobalt
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental Science and Engineering
estuarine sediments
Exact sciences and technology
Factor analysis
Geochemistry
Geology
Heavy metals
Hydrology
Hydrology. Hydrogeology
Hydrology/Water Resources
Industrial wastes
iron
Lead
manganese
Metal concentrations
monsoon season
Monsoons
Municipal wastes
nickel
Organic matter
Original Article
Pollution, environment geology
Relative abundance
Rivers
Seasonal variations
Seasons
Sediments
Terrestrial Pollution
zinc
title Spatio-temporal dynamics of heavy metals in sediments of the river estuarine system: Mahanadi basin (India)
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