How Do Cancer Risks Predicted From Animal Bioassays Compare with the Epidemiologic Evidence? The Case of Ethylene Dibromide
Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non‐threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Model...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Risk Anal.; (United States) 1988-06, Vol.8 (2), p.205-214 |
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| creator | Hertz-Picciotto, Irva Gravitz, Norman Neutra, Raymond |
| description | Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non‐threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Models that accounted for the shortened latency period in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of 3 of the observed cancer deaths. Data from an animal inhalation study of EDB also were compatible with the epidemiologic data. These findings contradict those of Ramsey et al. (1978), who reported that extrapolation from animal data produced highly exaggerated risk estimates for EDB‐exposed workers. This paper explores the reasons for these discrepant findings. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1988.tb01173.x |
| format | Article |
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The Case of Ethylene Dibromide</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Hertz-Picciotto, Irva ; Gravitz, Norman ; Neutra, Raymond</creator><creatorcontrib>Hertz-Picciotto, Irva ; Gravitz, Norman ; Neutra, Raymond ; California Public Health Foundation, Berkeley (USA)</creatorcontrib><description>Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non‐threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Models that accounted for the shortened latency period in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of 3 of the observed cancer deaths. Data from an animal inhalation study of EDB also were compatible with the epidemiologic data. These findings contradict those of Ramsey et al. (1978), who reported that extrapolation from animal data produced highly exaggerated risk estimates for EDB‐exposed workers. This paper explores the reasons for these discrepant findings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0272-4332</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1539-6924</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1988.tb01173.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 3045903</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology ; ANIMALS ; BIOASSAY ; BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ; BROMINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS ; cancer ; CARCINOGENS ; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS ; CORRELATIONS ; DATA COVARIANCES ; DEATH ; DISEASES ; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS ; Epidemiologic Methods ; EPIDEMIOLOGY ; Ethylene dibromide ; Ethylene Dibromide - adverse effects ; Ethylene Dibromide - toxicity ; HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Brominated - adverse effects ; INHALATION ; INTAKE ; LABORATORY ANIMALS ; MAMMALS ; MATHEMATICAL MODELS ; MICE ; Models, Biological ; MORTALITY ; Mutagenicity Tests ; NEOPLASMS ; Neoplasms - chemically induced ; Neoplasms - mortality ; Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases - chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases - mortality ; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ; ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS ; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ; ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS ; PERSONNEL ; RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. 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The Case of Ethylene Dibromide</title><title>Risk Anal.; (United States)</title><addtitle>Risk Anal</addtitle><description>Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non‐threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Models that accounted for the shortened latency period in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of 3 of the observed cancer deaths. Data from an animal inhalation study of EDB also were compatible with the epidemiologic data. These findings contradict those of Ramsey et al. (1978), who reported that extrapolation from animal data produced highly exaggerated risk estimates for EDB‐exposed workers. This paper explores the reasons for these discrepant findings.</description><subject>560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology</subject><subject>ANIMALS</subject><subject>BIOASSAY</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS</subject><subject>BROMINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS</subject><subject>cancer</subject><subject>CARCINOGENS</subject><subject>COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS</subject><subject>CORRELATIONS</subject><subject>DATA COVARIANCES</subject><subject>DEATH</subject><subject>DISEASES</subject><subject>DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS</subject><subject>Epidemiologic Methods</subject><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject><subject>Ethylene dibromide</subject><subject>Ethylene Dibromide - adverse effects</subject><subject>Ethylene Dibromide - toxicity</subject><subject>HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons, Brominated - adverse effects</subject><subject>INHALATION</subject><subject>INTAKE</subject><subject>LABORATORY ANIMALS</subject><subject>MAMMALS</subject><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELS</subject><subject>MICE</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>MORTALITY</subject><subject>Mutagenicity Tests</subject><subject>NEOPLASMS</subject><subject>Neoplasms - chemically induced</subject><subject>Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - chemically induced</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - mortality</subject><subject>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE</subject><subject>ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ORGANIC COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>PERSONNEL</subject><subject>RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT</subject><subject>RATS</subject><subject>RISK ASSESSMENT</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>RODENTS</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>STATISTICAL MODELS</subject><subject>VERTEBRATES</subject><issn>0272-4332</issn><issn>1539-6924</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1988</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkVFv0zAUhSMEGmXwE5CsPfCWYsexHfMylbTdJiaoxhDSXizHvqXukrjEKW3Fn8dRq77jlyvrnPtd-54kuSJ4TOL5uB4TRmXKZZaPiSyKcV9hQgQd718ko7P0MhnhTGRpTmn2OnkTwhpjgjETF8kFxTmTmI6Sv7d-h6Yelbo10KEHF54DWnRgnenBonnnGzRpXaNr9Nl5HYI-BFT6ZqM7QDvXr1C_AjTbOAuN87X_5Qya_Ym3iLtGj1ErdQDkl2jWrw41tICmrorUaHmbvFrqOsC7U71Mfsxnj-Vtev_t5q6c3Kcm55ylRmBCq9yCFpnlIE3FKom5yCgvqGVWWEMsF4xbqrnUUpolZMJKWmRgWGHpZXJ15PrQOxWM68GsjG9bML3iOS4YF9H04WjadP73FkKvGhcM1LVuwW-DIrmM43IWjZ-ORtP5EDpYqk0X99MdFMFqiEet1ZCBGjJQQzzqFI_ax-b3pynbqgF7bj3lEfXro75zNRz-g6we7r5PMjw8Lz0SXOhhfybo7lnFXwqmfn69Ufn8y3SxIE_qif4DcPKvJQ</recordid><startdate>198806</startdate><enddate>198806</enddate><creator>Hertz-Picciotto, Irva</creator><creator>Gravitz, Norman</creator><creator>Neutra, Raymond</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>198806</creationdate><title>How Do Cancer Risks Predicted From Animal Bioassays Compare with the Epidemiologic Evidence? The Case of Ethylene Dibromide</title><author>Hertz-Picciotto, Irva ; Gravitz, Norman ; Neutra, Raymond</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4665-c7013b4dea72d6e9cb5b906723683d5d7dc1d6756d3a69a99cfe27d9382ec58d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1988</creationdate><topic>560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology</topic><topic>ANIMALS</topic><topic>BIOASSAY</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS</topic><topic>BROMINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS</topic><topic>cancer</topic><topic>CARCINOGENS</topic><topic>COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS</topic><topic>CORRELATIONS</topic><topic>DATA COVARIANCES</topic><topic>DEATH</topic><topic>DISEASES</topic><topic>DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS</topic><topic>Epidemiologic Methods</topic><topic>EPIDEMIOLOGY</topic><topic>Ethylene dibromide</topic><topic>Ethylene Dibromide - adverse effects</topic><topic>Ethylene Dibromide - toxicity</topic><topic>HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocarbons, Brominated - adverse effects</topic><topic>INHALATION</topic><topic>INTAKE</topic><topic>LABORATORY ANIMALS</topic><topic>MAMMALS</topic><topic>MATHEMATICAL MODELS</topic><topic>MICE</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>MORTALITY</topic><topic>Mutagenicity Tests</topic><topic>NEOPLASMS</topic><topic>Neoplasms - chemically induced</topic><topic>Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - chemically induced</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - mortality</topic><topic>OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE</topic><topic>ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ORGANIC COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>PERSONNEL</topic><topic>RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. 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The Case of Ethylene Dibromide</atitle><jtitle>Risk Anal.; (United States)</jtitle><addtitle>Risk Anal</addtitle><date>1988-06</date><risdate>1988</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>205</spage><epage>214</epage><pages>205-214</pages><issn>0272-4332</issn><eissn>1539-6924</eissn><abstract>Cancer risks for ethylene dibromide (EDB) were estimated by fitting several linear non‐threshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay. Risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed cancer mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical. Models that accounted for the shortened latency period in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of 3 of the observed cancer deaths. Data from an animal inhalation study of EDB also were compatible with the epidemiologic data. These findings contradict those of Ramsey et al. 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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0272-4332 |
| ispartof | Risk Anal.; (United States), 1988-06, Vol.8 (2), p.205-214 |
| issn | 0272-4332 1539-6924 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | 560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology ANIMALS BIOASSAY BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS BROMINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS cancer CARCINOGENS COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS CORRELATIONS DATA COVARIANCES DEATH DISEASES DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS Epidemiologic Methods EPIDEMIOLOGY Ethylene dibromide Ethylene Dibromide - adverse effects Ethylene Dibromide - toxicity HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS Humans Hydrocarbons, Brominated - adverse effects INHALATION INTAKE LABORATORY ANIMALS MAMMALS MATHEMATICAL MODELS MICE Models, Biological MORTALITY Mutagenicity Tests NEOPLASMS Neoplasms - chemically induced Neoplasms - mortality Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced Occupational Diseases - chemically induced Occupational Diseases - mortality OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS PERSONNEL RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT RATS RISK ASSESSMENT Risk Factors RODENTS Species Specificity STATISTICAL MODELS VERTEBRATES |
| title | How Do Cancer Risks Predicted From Animal Bioassays Compare with the Epidemiologic Evidence? The Case of Ethylene Dibromide |
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