Current Health-Related Quality of Life Is Lower in Former Division I Collegiate Athletes Than in Non–Collegiate Athletes

Background: College athletes participate in physical activity that may increase chronic stress and injury and induce overtraining. However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-...

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Veröffentlicht in:The American journal of sports medicine 2014-02, Vol.42 (2), p.423-429
Hauptverfasser: Simon, Janet E., Docherty, Carrie L.
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container_title The American journal of sports medicine
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Docherty, Carrie L.
description Background: College athletes participate in physical activity that may increase chronic stress and injury and induce overtraining. However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose: To evaluate HRQoL in former United States National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes and nonathletes with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a demographics questionnaire. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study sample was recruited through alumni databases at a large Midwestern university and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes and (2) nonathletes who participated in recreational activity, club sports, or intramurals while attending college. Participants answered a survey constructed with a web-based system. All individuals contacted were between the ages of 40 and 65 years. Study participants responded to the questions on the PROMIS scales for sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. The PROMIS was developed to fill the void of HRQoL being evaluated by multiple instruments. An additional questionnaire was constructed to record demographic and exercise information. Results: Initially, 1280 former Division I athletes and nonathletes were contacted; 638 surveys were returned (49.8%). Surveys eligible for analyses (71.6%) were completed by 232 former Division I athletes (mean age ± SD, 53.36 ± 7.11 years) and 225 nonathletes (mean age ± SD, 53.60 ± 6.79 years). Univariate analyses for the effect of group was significantly related to PROMIS scales for physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain interference (P < .05). The overall scores were significantly worse for the former Division I athletes than for the nonathletes on 5 of the 7 scales. In addition, the former Division I athletes reported significantly more limitations in daily activities and more major and chronic injuries than did the nonathlete controls. Conclusion: According to these data, former Division I athletes have decreased HRQoL compared with nonathletes. Clinical Relevance: Sports encourage physical activity, which help promote a healthy lifestyle. Moderate activity and exercise should be encouraged. However, the demands of Division
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However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose: To evaluate HRQoL in former United States National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes and nonathletes with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a demographics questionnaire. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study sample was recruited through alumni databases at a large Midwestern university and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes and (2) nonathletes who participated in recreational activity, club sports, or intramurals while attending college. Participants answered a survey constructed with a web-based system. All individuals contacted were between the ages of 40 and 65 years. Study participants responded to the questions on the PROMIS scales for sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. The PROMIS was developed to fill the void of HRQoL being evaluated by multiple instruments. An additional questionnaire was constructed to record demographic and exercise information. Results: Initially, 1280 former Division I athletes and nonathletes were contacted; 638 surveys were returned (49.8%). Surveys eligible for analyses (71.6%) were completed by 232 former Division I athletes (mean age ± SD, 53.36 ± 7.11 years) and 225 nonathletes (mean age ± SD, 53.60 ± 6.79 years). Univariate analyses for the effect of group was significantly related to PROMIS scales for physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain interference (P &lt; .05). The overall scores were significantly worse for the former Division I athletes than for the nonathletes on 5 of the 7 scales. In addition, the former Division I athletes reported significantly more limitations in daily activities and more major and chronic injuries than did the nonathlete controls. Conclusion: According to these data, former Division I athletes have decreased HRQoL compared with nonathletes. Clinical Relevance: Sports encourage physical activity, which help promote a healthy lifestyle. Moderate activity and exercise should be encouraged. However, the demands of Division I athletics may result in injuries that linger into adulthood and possibly make participants incapable of staying active as they age, thereby lowering their HRQoL.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0363-5465</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-3365</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/0363546513510393</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24318608</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJSMDO</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Athletes ; Athletes - statistics &amp; numerical data ; Athletic Injuries - complications ; Athletic Injuries - epidemiology ; College students ; Comparative analysis ; Depression - epidemiology ; Fatigue - epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Quality of Life ; Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology ; Sports injuries ; Sports medicine ; Stress ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States - epidemiology ; Universities</subject><ispartof>The American journal of sports medicine, 2014-02, Vol.42 (2), p.423-429</ispartof><rights>2013 The Author(s)</rights><rights>Copyright Sage Publications Ltd. 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However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose: To evaluate HRQoL in former United States National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes and nonathletes with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a demographics questionnaire. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study sample was recruited through alumni databases at a large Midwestern university and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes and (2) nonathletes who participated in recreational activity, club sports, or intramurals while attending college. Participants answered a survey constructed with a web-based system. All individuals contacted were between the ages of 40 and 65 years. Study participants responded to the questions on the PROMIS scales for sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. The PROMIS was developed to fill the void of HRQoL being evaluated by multiple instruments. An additional questionnaire was constructed to record demographic and exercise information. Results: Initially, 1280 former Division I athletes and nonathletes were contacted; 638 surveys were returned (49.8%). Surveys eligible for analyses (71.6%) were completed by 232 former Division I athletes (mean age ± SD, 53.36 ± 7.11 years) and 225 nonathletes (mean age ± SD, 53.60 ± 6.79 years). Univariate analyses for the effect of group was significantly related to PROMIS scales for physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain interference (P &lt; .05). The overall scores were significantly worse for the former Division I athletes than for the nonathletes on 5 of the 7 scales. In addition, the former Division I athletes reported significantly more limitations in daily activities and more major and chronic injuries than did the nonathlete controls. Conclusion: According to these data, former Division I athletes have decreased HRQoL compared with nonathletes. Clinical Relevance: Sports encourage physical activity, which help promote a healthy lifestyle. Moderate activity and exercise should be encouraged. However, the demands of Division I athletics may result in injuries that linger into adulthood and possibly make participants incapable of staying active as they age, thereby lowering their HRQoL.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Athletes - statistics &amp; numerical data</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - complications</subject><subject>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</subject><subject>College students</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Fatigue - epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life Style</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pain Measurement</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology</subject><subject>Sports injuries</subject><subject>Sports medicine</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>Universities</subject><issn>0363-5465</issn><issn>1552-3365</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc1q3DAUhUVoaCZJ91kFQTfduJGs_-Uwzc_AkJCQro1sX89o0FipZDekq75D3zBPEptJSxgauKCL7nfOlTgInVDylVKlzgiTTHApKBOUMMP20IQKkWeMSfEBTcZxNs4P0GFKa0IIVVJ_RAc5Z1RLoifo16yPEdoOX4H13Sq7A287qPFtb73rnnBo8MI1gOcJL8IjROxafBHiZui-uZ8uudDiOZ4F72HpBiWedisPHSR8v7LtSF-H9vn3n_8Qx2i_sT7Bp9fzCH2_OL-fXWWLm8v5bLrIquEXXWbKpoFKUQNS52Uuyma4qGuruBmrpNbw2mouFZSNMJJUVudaaaYprwEUO0Jftr4PMfzoIXXFxqUKvLcthD4VlBvOiBRmRD_voOvQx3Z43UhJZXLF2UCRLVXFkFKEpniIbmPjU0FJMeZS7OYySE5fjftyA_U_wd8gBiDbAsku4c3W9wxfAAtllXo</recordid><startdate>201402</startdate><enddate>201402</enddate><creator>Simon, Janet E.</creator><creator>Docherty, Carrie L.</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201402</creationdate><title>Current Health-Related Quality of Life Is Lower in Former Division I Collegiate Athletes Than in Non–Collegiate Athletes</title><author>Simon, Janet E. ; Docherty, Carrie L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c365t-9bffec719e682b25bfbffdda7497497b1a94da8467ebf5960ca828783814dee73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Athletes - statistics &amp; numerical data</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - complications</topic><topic>Athletic Injuries - epidemiology</topic><topic>College students</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Fatigue - epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Life Style</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pain Measurement</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology</topic><topic>Sports injuries</topic><topic>Sports medicine</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>Universities</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Simon, Janet E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Docherty, Carrie L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Simon, Janet E.</au><au>Docherty, Carrie L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Current Health-Related Quality of Life Is Lower in Former Division I Collegiate Athletes Than in Non–Collegiate Athletes</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of sports medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Sports Med</addtitle><date>2014-02</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>423</spage><epage>429</epage><pages>423-429</pages><issn>0363-5465</issn><eissn>1552-3365</eissn><coden>AJSMDO</coden><abstract>Background: College athletes participate in physical activity that may increase chronic stress and injury and induce overtraining. However, there is little known about how previous injuries that have occurred during college may limit current physical activity and/or decrease their subsequent health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose: To evaluate HRQoL in former United States National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes and nonathletes with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and a demographics questionnaire. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study sample was recruited through alumni databases at a large Midwestern university and consisted of 2 cohorts: (1) former Division I athletes and (2) nonathletes who participated in recreational activity, club sports, or intramurals while attending college. Participants answered a survey constructed with a web-based system. All individuals contacted were between the ages of 40 and 65 years. Study participants responded to the questions on the PROMIS scales for sleep, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, physical function, and satisfaction with participation in social roles. The PROMIS was developed to fill the void of HRQoL being evaluated by multiple instruments. An additional questionnaire was constructed to record demographic and exercise information. Results: Initially, 1280 former Division I athletes and nonathletes were contacted; 638 surveys were returned (49.8%). Surveys eligible for analyses (71.6%) were completed by 232 former Division I athletes (mean age ± SD, 53.36 ± 7.11 years) and 225 nonathletes (mean age ± SD, 53.60 ± 6.79 years). Univariate analyses for the effect of group was significantly related to PROMIS scales for physical function, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and pain interference (P &lt; .05). The overall scores were significantly worse for the former Division I athletes than for the nonathletes on 5 of the 7 scales. In addition, the former Division I athletes reported significantly more limitations in daily activities and more major and chronic injuries than did the nonathlete controls. Conclusion: According to these data, former Division I athletes have decreased HRQoL compared with nonathletes. Clinical Relevance: Sports encourage physical activity, which help promote a healthy lifestyle. Moderate activity and exercise should be encouraged. However, the demands of Division I athletics may result in injuries that linger into adulthood and possibly make participants incapable of staying active as they age, thereby lowering their HRQoL.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>24318608</pmid><doi>10.1177/0363546513510393</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Athletes
Athletes - statistics & numerical data
Athletic Injuries - complications
Athletic Injuries - epidemiology
College students
Comparative analysis
Depression - epidemiology
Fatigue - epidemiology
Female
Humans
Life Style
Male
Middle Aged
Pain Measurement
Quality of Life
Sleep Wake Disorders - epidemiology
Sports injuries
Sports medicine
Stress
Surveys and Questionnaires
United States - epidemiology
Universities
title Current Health-Related Quality of Life Is Lower in Former Division I Collegiate Athletes Than in Non–Collegiate Athletes
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