DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression
Objective To review the DSM‐5 proposed criteria for mixed depression in light of robust and consistent historical and scientific evidence. Method An extensive historical search, a systematic review of the papers used by DSM‐5 as reference papers, and a PubMed search were performed. Results As Hippoc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica 2014-01, Vol.129 (1), p.4-16 |
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| container_title | Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica |
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| creator | Koukopoulos, A. Sani, G. |
| description | Objective
To review the DSM‐5 proposed criteria for mixed depression in light of robust and consistent historical and scientific evidence.
Method
An extensive historical search, a systematic review of the papers used by DSM‐5 as reference papers, and a PubMed search were performed.
Results
As Hippocrates, depressive mixed states have been described as conditions of intense psychic suffering, consisting of depressed mood, inner tension, restlessness, and aimless psychomotor agitation. In DSM‐5, new criteria are proposed for a mixed features specifier, as part of depression either in major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder. Those criteria require, as diagnostically specific, manic/hypomanic symptoms that are the least common kinds of symptoms that actually arise in depressive mixed states. The DSM‐5 proposal is based, almost entirely, on a speculative wish to avoid ‘overlapping’ manic and depressive symptoms. Mixed states are, in fact, nothing but overlapping manic and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
In this article, we review the psychopathology and research on mixed depressive states, and try to demonstrate that the DSM‐5 proposal has weak scientific basis and does not identify a large number of mixed depressive states. This may be harmful because of the different treatment required by these conditions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/acps.12140 |
| format | Article |
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To review the DSM‐5 proposed criteria for mixed depression in light of robust and consistent historical and scientific evidence.
Method
An extensive historical search, a systematic review of the papers used by DSM‐5 as reference papers, and a PubMed search were performed.
Results
As Hippocrates, depressive mixed states have been described as conditions of intense psychic suffering, consisting of depressed mood, inner tension, restlessness, and aimless psychomotor agitation. In DSM‐5, new criteria are proposed for a mixed features specifier, as part of depression either in major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder. Those criteria require, as diagnostically specific, manic/hypomanic symptoms that are the least common kinds of symptoms that actually arise in depressive mixed states. The DSM‐5 proposal is based, almost entirely, on a speculative wish to avoid ‘overlapping’ manic and depressive symptoms. Mixed states are, in fact, nothing but overlapping manic and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
In this article, we review the psychopathology and research on mixed depressive states, and try to demonstrate that the DSM‐5 proposal has weak scientific basis and does not identify a large number of mixed depressive states. This may be harmful because of the different treatment required by these conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0001-690X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-0447</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/acps.12140</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23600771</identifier><identifier>CODEN: APYSA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies ; affective disorders ; Agitation ; antidepressives ; Biological and medical sciences ; bipolar disorder ; Bipolar Disorder - classification ; Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis ; Bipolar Disorder - psychology ; Bipolar disorders ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder - classification ; Depressive Disorder - diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder - psychology ; Depressive Disorder, Major - classification ; Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; Medical treatment ; Mental depression ; Miscellaneous ; Mood disorders ; Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychomotor Agitation - psychology ; Psychopathology ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Studies</subject><ispartof>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2014-01, Vol.129 (1), p.4-16</ispartof><rights>2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S, Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4580-1a5f2944b7dd3746f397ebefcc3e22c96c7cf340c9dcbb096abf6b4a36e586a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4580-1a5f2944b7dd3746f397ebefcc3e22c96c7cf340c9dcbb096abf6b4a36e586a63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Facps.12140$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Facps.12140$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,4010,27900,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28028303$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23600771$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Koukopoulos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sani, G.</creatorcontrib><title>DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression</title><title>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</title><addtitle>Acta Psychiatr Scand</addtitle><description>Objective
To review the DSM‐5 proposed criteria for mixed depression in light of robust and consistent historical and scientific evidence.
Method
An extensive historical search, a systematic review of the papers used by DSM‐5 as reference papers, and a PubMed search were performed.
Results
As Hippocrates, depressive mixed states have been described as conditions of intense psychic suffering, consisting of depressed mood, inner tension, restlessness, and aimless psychomotor agitation. In DSM‐5, new criteria are proposed for a mixed features specifier, as part of depression either in major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder. Those criteria require, as diagnostically specific, manic/hypomanic symptoms that are the least common kinds of symptoms that actually arise in depressive mixed states. The DSM‐5 proposal is based, almost entirely, on a speculative wish to avoid ‘overlapping’ manic and depressive symptoms. Mixed states are, in fact, nothing but overlapping manic and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
In this article, we review the psychopathology and research on mixed depressive states, and try to demonstrate that the DSM‐5 proposal has weak scientific basis and does not identify a large number of mixed depressive states. This may be harmful because of the different treatment required by these conditions.</description><subject>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</subject><subject>affective disorders</subject><subject>Agitation</subject><subject>antidepressives</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>bipolar disorder</subject><subject>Bipolar Disorder - classification</subject><subject>Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis</subject><subject>Bipolar Disorder - psychology</subject><subject>Bipolar disorders</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - classification</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - psychology</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - classification</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology</subject><subject>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Mood disorders</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychomotor Agitation - psychology</subject><subject>Psychopathology</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Studies</subject><issn>0001-690X</issn><issn>1600-0447</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0VtLHDEUAOBQlLravvgDyoAIIozNPRPfZOuloL1gRfElZDInNDq7s01mWP33xu6q4IOYl5DkO-fkcBDaJHiP5PXVulnaI5Rw_AGNiMS4xJyrFTTCGJNSany1htZTuslHQXD1Ea1RlpVSZIR-fzs_K0XhYughBlv4LhYNzCKkFLppMQ_932IS7qApPNh-yPf7RVY2whzatui75etLzCe06m2b4PNy30AXR4d_xifl6c_j7-OD09JxUeGSWOGp5rxWTcMUl55pBTV45xhQ6rR0ynnGsdONq2uspa29rLllEkQlrWQbaGeRdxa7fwOk3kxCcvlTdgrdkAzhmsrcJtXvoEoJwSpNMt16RW-6IU5zI1lJJZQgFc9qd6Fc7FKK4M0shomN94Zg8zgT8zgT838mGX9ZphzqCTTP9GkIGWwvgU3Otj7aqQvpxVWYVgyz7MjCzUML92-UNAfjX-dPxctFTEg93D3H2HhrpGJKmMsfx6bSYnx1RrW5Zg9gRLEk</recordid><startdate>201401</startdate><enddate>201401</enddate><creator>Koukopoulos, A.</creator><creator>Sani, G.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201401</creationdate><title>DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression</title><author>Koukopoulos, A. ; Sani, G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4580-1a5f2944b7dd3746f397ebefcc3e22c96c7cf340c9dcbb096abf6b4a36e586a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult and adolescent clinical studies</topic><topic>affective disorders</topic><topic>Agitation</topic><topic>antidepressives</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>bipolar disorder</topic><topic>Bipolar Disorder - classification</topic><topic>Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis</topic><topic>Bipolar Disorder - psychology</topic><topic>Bipolar disorders</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - classification</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - diagnosis</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - psychology</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - classification</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology</topic><topic>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Mood disorders</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychomotor Agitation - psychology</topic><topic>Psychopathology</topic><topic>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Studies</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Koukopoulos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sani, G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Koukopoulos, A.</au><au>Sani, G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression</atitle><jtitle>Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica</jtitle><addtitle>Acta Psychiatr Scand</addtitle><date>2014-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>129</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>4</spage><epage>16</epage><pages>4-16</pages><issn>0001-690X</issn><eissn>1600-0447</eissn><coden>APYSA9</coden><abstract>Objective
To review the DSM‐5 proposed criteria for mixed depression in light of robust and consistent historical and scientific evidence.
Method
An extensive historical search, a systematic review of the papers used by DSM‐5 as reference papers, and a PubMed search were performed.
Results
As Hippocrates, depressive mixed states have been described as conditions of intense psychic suffering, consisting of depressed mood, inner tension, restlessness, and aimless psychomotor agitation. In DSM‐5, new criteria are proposed for a mixed features specifier, as part of depression either in major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder. Those criteria require, as diagnostically specific, manic/hypomanic symptoms that are the least common kinds of symptoms that actually arise in depressive mixed states. The DSM‐5 proposal is based, almost entirely, on a speculative wish to avoid ‘overlapping’ manic and depressive symptoms. Mixed states are, in fact, nothing but overlapping manic and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
In this article, we review the psychopathology and research on mixed depressive states, and try to demonstrate that the DSM‐5 proposal has weak scientific basis and does not identify a large number of mixed depressive states. This may be harmful because of the different treatment required by these conditions.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>23600771</pmid><doi>10.1111/acps.12140</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Adult and adolescent clinical studies affective disorders Agitation antidepressives Biological and medical sciences bipolar disorder Bipolar Disorder - classification Bipolar Disorder - diagnosis Bipolar Disorder - psychology Bipolar disorders Depression Depressive Disorder - classification Depressive Disorder - diagnosis Depressive Disorder - psychology Depressive Disorder, Major - classification Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Humans Medical sciences Medical treatment Mental depression Miscellaneous Mood disorders Psychiatry Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychomotor Agitation - psychology Psychopathology Psychopathology. Psychiatry Studies |
| title | DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression |
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