A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Objective Although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance, many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods. The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of Dia...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Internal Medicine 2014, Vol.53(1), pp.13-19 |
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creator | Yamada, Yoshifumi Uchida, Junichi Izumi, Hisa Tsukamoto, Yoko Inoue, Gaku Watanabe, Yuichi Irie, Junichiro Yamada, Satoru |
description | Objective Although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance, many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods. The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of Diabetes UK and a scientific review conducted by the American Diabetes Association. However, randomised trials of dietary interventions in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted, low-carbohydrate diet in Japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet. Methods The enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet. The patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months. We compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles. Results The HbA1c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group (baseline 7.6±0.4%, six months 7.0±0.7%, p=0.03) but not in the calorie-restricted group (baseline 7.7±0.6%, six months 7.5±1.0%, n.s.), (between-group comparison, p=0.03). The patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels, without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the HbA1c and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet. |
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The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of Diabetes UK and a scientific review conducted by the American Diabetes Association. However, randomised trials of dietary interventions in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted, low-carbohydrate diet in Japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet. Methods The enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet. The patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months. We compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles. Results The HbA1c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group (baseline 7.6±0.4%, six months 7.0±0.7%, p=0.03) but not in the calorie-restricted group (baseline 7.7±0.6%, six months 7.5±1.0%, n.s.), (between-group comparison, p=0.03). The patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels, without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the HbA1c and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0918-2918</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1349-7235</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.0861</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24390522</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</publisher><subject>Aged ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; calorie restriction ; Complementary Therapies - methods ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy ; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted - methods ; Energy Intake - physiology ; Female ; Humans ; low-carbohydrate diet ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; type 2 diabetes ; Weight Loss - physiology</subject><ispartof>Internal Medicine, 2014, Vol.53(1), pp.13-19</ispartof><rights>2014 by The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-ad29e6758c6d4a623220eaf962edfdb8c7ff4157b7fed4ef05e2cc6db32258013</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-ad29e6758c6d4a623220eaf962edfdb8c7ff4157b7fed4ef05e2cc6db32258013</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1883,4024,27923,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24390522$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Yoshifumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchida, Junichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izumi, Hisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsukamoto, Yoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Gaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irie, Junichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Satoru</creatorcontrib><title>A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes</title><title>Internal Medicine</title><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><description>Objective Although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance, many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods. The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of Diabetes UK and a scientific review conducted by the American Diabetes Association. However, randomised trials of dietary interventions in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted, low-carbohydrate diet in Japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet. Methods The enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet. The patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months. We compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles. Results The HbA1c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group (baseline 7.6±0.4%, six months 7.0±0.7%, p=0.03) but not in the calorie-restricted group (baseline 7.7±0.6%, six months 7.5±1.0%, n.s.), (between-group comparison, p=0.03). The patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels, without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the HbA1c and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>calorie restriction</subject><subject>Complementary Therapies - methods</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy</subject><subject>Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted - methods</subject><subject>Energy Intake - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>low-carbohydrate diet</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>type 2 diabetes</subject><subject>Weight Loss - physiology</subject><issn>0918-2918</issn><issn>1349-7235</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNptkEtP6zAQhS10EZTHX7jykk2KPY7zWFa8pQpYlLXlOGNqlCa9tnur_ntcWrpAbGak42_OeA4hlLMx8KK-dn1E3-tuga0zrsexFGNWFfyIjLjI66wEIf-QEat5lUEqp-QshA_GRFXWcEJOIRc1kwAjsp7Q56HPjO4G7zDzGKJ3JmJLp8M6yb4Z5pvW64j01mGkLtA7a9FE9x-pDlT3dNJ9feZLmc3R6-WG2sHT1yRhHwNduzins80SKSQT3WDEcEGOre4CXu77OXm7v5vdPGbTl4enm8k0MxKKmOkWaixKWZmizXUBAoChtnUB2Nq2qUxpbc5l2ZQW2xwtkwgmsU0CZcW4OCdXO9-lH_6t0nVq4YLBrtM9DqugeF6zMgcotmi1Q40fQvBo1dK7hfYbxZnaxq5-xq6kUNvY0-jf_ZZVkx4Pg985J-B5B3yEqN_xAGgfnenwV2e-LfsNB9DMtVfYi08mDqJQ</recordid><startdate>2014</startdate><enddate>2014</enddate><creator>Yamada, Yoshifumi</creator><creator>Uchida, Junichi</creator><creator>Izumi, Hisa</creator><creator>Tsukamoto, Yoko</creator><creator>Inoue, Gaku</creator><creator>Watanabe, Yuichi</creator><creator>Irie, Junichiro</creator><creator>Yamada, Satoru</creator><general>The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2014</creationdate><title>A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes</title><author>Yamada, Yoshifumi ; Uchida, Junichi ; Izumi, Hisa ; Tsukamoto, Yoko ; Inoue, Gaku ; Watanabe, Yuichi ; Irie, Junichiro ; Yamada, Satoru</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-ad29e6758c6d4a623220eaf962edfdb8c7ff4157b7fed4ef05e2cc6db32258013</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>calorie restriction</topic><topic>Complementary Therapies - methods</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy</topic><topic>Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted - methods</topic><topic>Energy Intake - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>low-carbohydrate diet</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>type 2 diabetes</topic><topic>Weight Loss - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Yoshifumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uchida, Junichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Izumi, Hisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsukamoto, Yoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Gaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Yuichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irie, Junichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamada, Satoru</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yamada, Yoshifumi</au><au>Uchida, Junichi</au><au>Izumi, Hisa</au><au>Tsukamoto, Yoko</au><au>Inoue, Gaku</au><au>Watanabe, Yuichi</au><au>Irie, Junichiro</au><au>Yamada, Satoru</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes</atitle><jtitle>Internal Medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Intern. Med.</addtitle><date>2014</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>13</spage><epage>19</epage><pages>13-19</pages><issn>0918-2918</issn><eissn>1349-7235</eissn><abstract>Objective Although caloric restriction is a widely used intervention to reduce body weight and insulin resistance, many patients are unable to comply with such dietary therapy for long periods. The clinical effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets was recently described in a position statement of Diabetes UK and a scientific review conducted by the American Diabetes Association. However, randomised trials of dietary interventions in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of a non-calorie-restricted, low-carbohydrate diet in Japanese patients unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet. Methods The enrolled patients were randomly allocated to receive a conventional calorie-restricted diet or low-carbohydrate diet. The patients received consultations every two months from a registered dietician for six months. We compared the effects of the two dietary interventions on glycaemic control and metabolic profiles. Results The HbA1c levels decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the low-carbohydrate diet group (baseline 7.6±0.4%, six months 7.0±0.7%, p=0.03) but not in the calorie-restricted group (baseline 7.7±0.6%, six months 7.5±1.0%, n.s.), (between-group comparison, p=0.03). The patients in the former group also experienced improvements in their triglyceride levels, without experiencing any major adverse effects or a decline in the quality of life. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet is effective in lowering the HbA1c and triglyceride levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are unable to adhere to a calorie-restricted diet.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine</pub><pmid>24390522</pmid><doi>10.2169/internalmedicine.53.0861</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Aged Blood Glucose - metabolism calorie restriction Complementary Therapies - methods Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted - methods Energy Intake - physiology Female Humans low-carbohydrate diet Male Middle Aged Treatment Outcome type 2 diabetes Weight Loss - physiology |
title | A Non-calorie-restricted Low-carbohydrate Diet is Effective as an Alternative Therapy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes |
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